Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
-
[1]research packet crew-da-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED. — real identity: USS Koka (ATA-185); designation ATA-185; type: ATA-174/Sotoyomo-class
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-koka-ata185-pkt-crew-da-packet-md
-
[2]Naval History and Heritage Command, DANFS, 'Koka II (ATA-185)' (page published 2023-03-14) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry body - live URL 404s on 2026-09-26 (standing NHHC link rot per Batch-01); text read from Wayback capture 2024-05-26 (web.archive.org/web/20240526173216/.../koka-ii.html), entry header/spec block and all chronology paragraphs
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC DANFS entry 'Koka II (ATA-185)' gives identity, spec block, and the full operational chronology: second ship of the name; name is the phonetic spelling of Coca, formerly a Native American village in southern Arizona; originally designated ATR-112, redesignated ATA-185 on 15 May 1944; launched 11 Sep 1944 by Levingston Shipbuilding Co., Orange, TX; commissioned 16 November, Lt. (j.g.) Woodrow Sullivan in command. Spec block: displacement 534; length 143'; beam 34'; draft 13'; speed 13 knots; complement 48; armament 1 3-inch, 2 20mm; class ATA-174. Service: Gulf of Mexico shakedown; departed Galveston 14 Dec 1944; Eniwetok 26 Feb 1945; 5+ months towing out of Eniwetok, Guam, Saipan, Ulithi, Kerama; target-sled towing at Guam; departed 4 Aug for Okinawa arriving 11 Aug with two barges in tow; SerRon 12 tug and salvage operations in Buckner Bay until 3 Nov 1945; San Francisco 1 Feb 1946 with YNG-30 and YNG-38 in tow; departed Pearl Harbor 11 May 1946 for Operation Crossroads at Bikini Atoll - assisted mooring target ships, then recovered radiological instruments from targets including Nevada (BB-36), Prinz Eugen, and Nagato; departed Bikini 5 Sep, Pearl Harbor 20 Sep, 4-month overhaul; departed Pearl 20 Jan 1947, San Diego 3 Feb with LCI-1062 in tow; 11th Naval District coastal towing out of San Diego from 1947; renamed Koka 16 Jul 1948; towing to Long Beach, Port Hueneme, San Pedro, San Francisco and up the coast to Kodiak, Seattle, Portland, Astoria into 1967; decommissioned and struck from the Naval Register in 1971; one battle star for WWII service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1971
- Population
- Crew 48 per spec block
- Limitations
- Official ship history; establishes identity, construction, wartime/Crossroads service, and 1971 decommissioning. Commissioning date given as 16 November conflicts with ShipScribe/NavSource (17 November) - see correction row. 'Decommissioned and struck ... in 1971' collapses the strike (ShipScribe gives 3 Dec 1973, consistent with the 1973 permanent transfer). Contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or hazardous-material statement - this row supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-01
-
[3]ShipScribe (Stephen S. Roberts ship-data project), 'USS ATA-174 (later Wateree) Class' - construction, disposition, and ship-notes tables compiled from official U.S. Navy records [other_primary]
- Locator
- Construction table row 185 (KOKA); Disposition table row 185; Ship Notes entry 185; class header machinery/dimension lines; Class Notes paragraphs
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- ShipScribe ATA-174 (later Wateree) class page, official-records-derived tables: KOKA ordered 6 Sep 1943; built by Levingston SB, Orange; keel 5 Aug 1944; launched 11 Sep 1944; commissioned 17 Nov 1944. Disposition table: decommissioned 1 Sep 1971; stricken 3 Dec 1973; disposal 1 Sep 1971, fate 'Trf.' (transferred). Ship note: 'Ex ATR-112 15 May 44. Name assigned 16 Jul 48. Loaned 1971 to Department of the Interior for the Government of American Samoa as TALITIGA (sailed 4 Sep 71), transferred permanently 1973. Possibly scrapped in New Zealand 1980.' Class data: design Navy BAT-1; 534 t light / 835 t max; 143.0' oa x 33.8' x 13.2' max; 13 kts; complement 43 (1944); machinery 1 screw, G.M. diesel-electric, 1,500 hp; original armament 1x3"/50, 2x20mm. Class notes: FY1943 program (ATA 174-213); ATR 101-140 redirected from wooden ATR-1 type to steel construction (BuShips recommendation 13 May 43, CNO approval 3 Jun 43); BuShips contracted with General Motors for the tugs, GM providing diesel engines and subcontracting hull construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1943-1980
- Limitations
- Scholarly compilation of official register/BuShips data - commissioned 17 Nov 1944 and stricken 3 Dec 1973 conflict with DANFS (16 Nov 1944; 'struck 1971'); DOI/Samoa loan and 'possibly scrapped in New Zealand 1980' conflict with secondary commercial-service accounts (see correction row). Contains no asbestos or materials statement - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-02
-
[4]Kaman Tempo for Defense Nuclear Agency, 'Operation Crossroads: 1946' (DNA report, U.S. Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests series, 1984), Appendix ship narratives, ATA-185 section [other_primary]
- Locator
- Wikisource transcription of DNA report, pages 285-286 (ATA-185 section; PDF scan pages, OCR transcription unproofread but legible); index page https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Index:Operation_Crossroads_1946.pdf (Author: Kaman Tempo; Publisher: Defense Nuclear Agency; Year: 1984)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Defense Nuclear Agency official history 'Operation Crossroads: 1946' (Kaman Tempo, 1984), ship-level appendix section for ATA-185: 'ATA-185 was an auxiliary ocean tug used as a support ship in TU 1.2.7 (Salvage Unit). Its functions were salvaging, repairing, and firefighting.' The dated log records: Shot ABLE period - steamed with TU 1.2.7, anchored berth Roger Bikini; picked up radsafe monitor from USS Haven (AH-12); observed Sakawa sinking; transferred radiological equipment from Independence (CVL-22) to Kenneth Whiting (AV-14); boarding-party transfers to target vessel YO-160; towing/re-berthing of targets Nagato, Arkansas (BB-33), Nevada (BB-36), Saratoga (CV-3), Gasconade (APA-85), submarines Tuna (SS-203) and Apogon (SS-308). Shot BAKER (25 Jul, 0835) - 'Rendezvoused with TU 1.2.7 in Mercury area before BAKER detonation. Anchored in Bikini Lagoon. Radiological monitors reported aboard.' Post-BAKER - instrument retrieval from Nagato, New York (BB-34), Pensacola (CA-24); later from Banner (APA-60), Prinz Eugen, Pennsylvania (BB-38), Catron (APA-71), Gasconade, Briscoe (APA-65), Salt Lake City (CA-25), Nevada, Brule (APA-68), Independence, Barrow (APA-61); 'Crew reached radiological tolerance. Anchored in berth King.'; 'Ship and crew reached daily tolerance of radioactivity.'; salvage assist to Reclaimer/Clamp on Pennsylvania, New York, Fallon (APA-81), submarine Skipjack (SS-184); tandem tow of YOG-83 with Conserver (ARS-39) to Kwajalein; 8 Sep 'Monitors from Haven came aboard to inspect for radioactivity.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1946-05 to 1946-09
- Population
- ATA-185 crew during Operation Crossroads (ship complement ~43-48)
- Limitations
- Official U.S. government operation history documenting this hull's Crossroads service including crew-level radiological events (monitors aboard, instrument recovery from contaminated targets, crew/ship reaching daily radiological tolerance). Documents RADIOLOGICAL exposure pathways, not asbestos - this row supports no asbestos claim. The document also evidences the hull's repeated physical boarding/mooring to contaminated WWII-era target vessels (relevant to crew-hazard documentation generally, not to ACM).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-03
-
[5]ShipScribe ATA-174 class page (ship note 185); DANFS Koka II entry; NavSource 09/38/38185 commercial-service section; Colton shipbuildinghistory.com 'Ocean Tugs' table row AT-185 [other_primary]
- Locator
- ShipScribe disposition table + ship note; DANFS entry header 'Koka II' + final paragraph; NavSource commercial service lines; shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/auxat.htm rows '185 Koka' and '31 Koka' (AT-31 predecessor)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Source discrepancies logged, none resolved: (a) Commissioning date - DANFS and Colton's ocean-tug table give 16 Nov 1944; ShipScribe's official-records class table and NavSource give 17 Nov 1944. (b) Stricken date - DANFS states 'decommissioned and struck from the Naval Register in 1971'; ShipScribe's register-derived table gives decommissioned 1 Sep 1971 and stricken 3 Dec 1973, consistent with its ship note that the hull was loaned in 1971 and permanently transferred in 1973 (Navy plausibly retained title through the DOI loan). (c) Final disposition - ShipScribe's ship note reports the DOI loan to the Government of American Samoa as TALITIGA (sailed 4 Sep 71), permanent transfer 1973, and 'possibly scrapped in New Zealand 1980'; NavSource and Colton report instead a commercial chain (Samoan American Tug Co. 1971; Guam Marine Department, renamed Taliga; 1984 sale for breakwater use near Seattle) ending in the hull sinking at Crow's Nest Marina, Commencement Bay, Tacoma WA while being prepared for scuttling. The 'Taliga'/'TALITIGA' names plausibly describe the same vessel (both follow the American Samoa transfer), but the terminal events conflict. (d) Namesake chain - NHHC titles the entry 'Koka II (ATA-185)'; an earlier Navy fleet tug bore the name: Koka (AT-31), Puget Sound NSY Bremerton, delivered 18 Feb 1920, wrecked off San Clemente Island December 1937 and abandoned (Colton tug table, row AT-31). Earlier still, the Civil War monitor Argos was briefly renamed Koka in 1869 (DANFS index 'ARGOS see KOKA') - NHHC numeral conventions for this name are inconsistent across sources, so only the AT-31 predecessor is asserted here.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1984
- Limitations
- Discrepancies are recorded rather than silently resolved: both date variants and both disposition narratives are carried in the record fields with sources noted. No asbestos content in any underlying source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-04
-
[6]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII, the era and program under which this 1944 Navy auxiliary was built at a commercial wartime yard (Levingston, Orange TX), and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard U.S. hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel, this class, or this yard and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. Countervailing era fact for this hull: the documented diesel-electric plant removes the boiler/steam-lagging application class that dominated WWII shipboard asbestos tonnage.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-05
-
[7]U.S. EPA, Superfund Site Profile, LEVINGSTON SHIPBUILDING CO. (TXD008065302), Orange, TX [other_primary]
- Locator
- EPA site profile fields (NPL/non-NPL status, address, EPA ID)
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- EPA Superfund site profile for LEVINGSTON SHIPBUILDING CO., 96 Front Street, Orange, TX 77630 (EPA ID TXD008065302): NPL status 'Not on the NPL'; non-NPL status 'NFRAP - Site does not qualify for the NPL based on existing information'; not a federal facility. The profile confirms the builder yard's documented footprint but records no asbestos determination.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- CERCLA assessment era
- Population
- Levingston yard workforce (site context)
- Limitations
- Yard-level environmental status only - the CERCLA assessment postdates the ship's 1944 construction and makes no statement about this hull, asbestos, or any vessel built there. Included because the builder is not represented in shipyards.json; supports no ship-specific claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-06
-
[8]Levingston Ship Building Co. v. Pelaez, 312 F. App'x 711 (5th Cir. Mar. 6, 2009) (unpublished), No. 07-60616; summarized in U.S. DOL OALJ Law Library, Recent Significant Black Lung and Longshore Decisions #208 (March 2009) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion text as excerpted/summarized at DOL OALJ law library entry 'Levingston Ship Building Co. v. Pelaez, No. 07-60616, 2009 WL 577736 (5th Cir. Mar. 6, 2009) (Unreported)'
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Adjudicated Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act death-benefits litigation documents asbestos exposure at the builder yard: in Levingston Ship Building Co. v. Pelaez, 312 F. App'x 711 (5th Cir. 2009) (No. 07-60616; unpublished), the Fifth Circuit denied review of a Benefits Review Board order requiring payment of death benefits; the established factual predicate was that Paul Pelaez 'worked for Levingston as a ship fitter in the 1960s and early 1970s, where he was exposed to asbestos. In 2002, he died from that exposure.' (ALJ prima facie finding; BRB affirmed; insurer TPCIGA's petition denied.)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1960s-2009 (litigation); exposure 1960s-early 1970s
- Population
- Levingston yard ship fitters/trades, 1960s-1970s (worker Pelaez)
- Limitations
- Yard-level finding only: documents asbestos exposure at the Levingston Shipbuilding facility in the 1960s-early 1970s - two decades AFTER this hull's 1944 construction - and names no vessel. Establishes that asbestos exposure is adjudicated-documented at the builder site, not aboard this ship. Litigation stage: merits-level adjudicated benefits claim (ALJ finding, BRB affirmance, appellate denial of review) - stronger than a pleading allegation, but scope is the yard, not the hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-07
-
[9]Batch-2859 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (Koka II entry via Wayback); ShipScribe ATA-174 class tables; DNA Operation Crossroads report (Wikisource); NavSource 09/38/38185; Colton shipbuildinghistory tug table; EPA SEMS profiles (yard + Commencement Bay); NARA catalog deck-log record; CourtListener opinion sweep (name + hull + commercial-name queries completed, collisions-only results; scoped and docket legs blocked by fleet pacing) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-koka-ata185-01 through sl-uss-koka-ata185-12 (incl. 07b)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, environmental filing, museum record, or docketed case naming USS Koka / ATA-185 / ATR-112 / Taliga / TALITIGA was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944 auxiliary built in the documented high-use era is era-consistent with installed asbestos-containing components (gaskets, packing, friction materials, electrical and exhaust insulation), and the hull's 1971 transfer, reported commercial career, and reported sinking all passed without any public materials disclosure. Equally, no affirmative exposure claim can be made either way; status remains unknown/unverified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-08
-
[10]CourtListener API v4 search (authenticated, fleet-paced helper cl-auth-search.py): opinion queries '"USS Koka" OR "Koka" "ATA-185"', '"Koka"', '"ATA-185"', '"ATR-112"', '"Taliga" OR "Talitiga"' completed; scoped and docket legs blocked by fleet pacing [court_record]
- Locator
- CourtListener result sets: 'Koka' 29 hits - 20 reviewed, all collisions (cluster_ids incl. 8621422, 5814822, 6219787, 4634649, 4550461); 'Taliga'/'Talitiga' 3 hits - all reviewed, American Samoa surname cases (cluster_ids 8514081, 8513752, 8513816); hull queries 0
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener authenticated opinion search (2026-09-26): '"USS Koka" OR "Koka" "ATA-185"' - 0 hits; '"ATA-185"' - 0 hits; '"ATR-112"' - 0 hits; '"Taliga" OR "Talitiga"' - 3 hits, all name collisions (American Samoa High Court surname cases: Taliga v. Siaumau contract dispute, Tuitasi v. Kitiona land matter, American Samoa Government v. Mase criminal); '"Koka"' - 29 hits, first-20 reviewed individually, all name collisions (surnamed parties e.g. Koka v. Gonzales immigration; Jorgenson & Koka LLP; a physician named Koka in N.Y. malpractice records) - no vessel case located. The scoped query '"Koka" AND (tug OR vessel OR asbestos)' and all docket/RECAP legs were blocked by fleet pacing at run time - logged as blocked, not as a negative result.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- sweep run 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Opinion-level sweep substantially complete with no qualifying vessel case; the vessel-scoped 'Koka' query, 9 unreviewed 'Koka' hits beyond the first results page, and the entire docket/RECAP leg did not run (fleet pacing) - no result should be inferred for those. Coverage is limited to CourtListener's indexed opinion corpus: state trial courts, non-digitized filings, and asbestos-trust claims are outside coverage.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-09
-
[11]NARA catalog record 'Koka (ATA-185) - April 1959', NAID 216519576, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations (via DPLA); NARA Guide to Federal Records RG 24 [other_primary]
- Locator
- DPLA item 8e339e819b14b517f0ef7c58e7402647 citing catalog.archives.gov/id/216519576; RG 24 record-group mapping; no box-level retrieval performed
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (unretrieved): NARA hosts digitized deck logs for Koka (ATA-185) - e.g., the April 1959 log, National Archives Identifier 216519576, in 'Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' (National Archives at College Park - Textual Reference, via DPLA item record); commissioned-period logs span 1944-1971 and would cover the Crossroads deployment and 11th Naval District towing years. RG 24 WWII records and any ATA-185 war diary are the likeliest wartime primary records. Navy inactive-ship/transfer work-package records for the 1971 Department of the Interior loan and 1973 permanent transfer (OPNAV/NAVSEA inactive-ship files) would document any pre-transfer material condition assessment; none public. Levingston yard construction records (yard closed 1985) are not located in digitized public sources.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1973 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - deck logs document daily operations and will not state materials content; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-10
-
[12]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, 'USS Koka (ATA-185) ex USS ATA-185 (1944-1948)', page 09/38/38185 (contributors incl. Tom Anderson via NAFTS, Al Grazevich; CO roster courtesy Wolfgang Hechler and Ron Reeves) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page body - classification/construction block, campaign table, Crossroads assignment line, commercial-service paragraph, CO table, spec block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource Service Ship Photo Archive page for USS Koka (ATA-185) (09/38/38185): confirms designation chain (originally Rescue Ocean Tug ATR-112; redesignated ATA-185 15 May 1944; laid down 5 Aug 1944 Levingston SB Orange TX; launched 11 Sep 1944; commissioned 17 Nov 1944, ENS Woodrow Sullivan in command - one day later than DANFS); WWII assignment to Asiatic-Pacific Theater with Okinawa Gunto campaign credit 19-25 Jun 1945; occupation service 14 Sep-3 Nov 1945; assignment to JTF-1 Task Unit 1.2.7 Target Vessel Group - Salvage Units for Operation Crossroads July 1946; named Koka 16 Jul 1948; 'decommissioned and struck from the Naval Register in 1971'; one battle star; call sign NJOD; CO roster (Sullivan 1944-11-16 to 1946-03; Leonnig; Wright 1955-58; Squires 1960-07/61; Murrell 07/61-07/63; French 04/65-1966-07-15; Riess to 1968-10-25; Hill). Commercial-service section: sold to Samoan American Tug Co. 1971; sold to Guam Marine Department (date unknown), renamed Taliga; 1984 sold for reuse as breakwater in Seattle area; 'Final Disposition, sunk, date unknown, at Crow's Nest Marina on the east side of Commencement Bay, Tacoma, WA. while being prepared for scuttling as part of a breakwater.'
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1984
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-curated archive, not a government record - used here for the post-Navy commercial chain and CO roster, which no official source in this record documents. Its commercial narrative (Samoan American Tug Co. -> Guam Marine Department -> Taliga -> 1984 breakwater sale -> sunk at Crow's Nest Marina) conflicts with ShipScribe's official-records note (DOI loan to American Samoa as TALITIGA; 'possibly scrapped in New Zealand 1980') - unresolved, see correction row. Commissioning date 17 Nov conflicts with DANFS 16 Nov. No asbestos content; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-11
-
[13]U.S. EPA, Superfund Site Profile, COMMENCEMENT BAY, NEAR SHORE/TIDE FLATS (site ID 1000981), Tacoma, WA; Washington Dept. of Ecology cleanup-site record 3032 mirrors EPA lead [other_primary]
- Locator
- EPA site profile (location/background, NPL 1983 listing, operable units); Ecology record https://apps.ecology.wa.gov/cleanupsearch/site/3032
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- EPA Superfund site profile for COMMENCEMENT BAY, NEAR SHORE/TIDE FLATS, Tacoma, WA (site ID 1000981): NPL-listed 1983 for 'widespread contamination of the water, sediments, and upland areas'; ~12 square miles of shallow water, shoreline, and adjacent industrial land at the south end of Puget Sound, managed in operable units. If the secondary-source account is correct that this hull (as Taliga) sank at Crow's Nest Marina on the east side of Commencement Bay, the wreck lies within the site's geographic footprint - EPA documentation does not name this vessel.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- site NPL 1983-present; reported wreck post-1984
- Limitations
- Site-level documentation only: EPA/Ecology records establish the contaminated-site status of Commencement Bay, NOT the presence, condition, or contents of this hull. The wreck's existence at Crow's Nest Marina rests on secondary sources (NavSource, Colton) and conflicts with ShipScribe's New Zealand note; whether a sunken 1944 hull remains in the Superfund footprint is unverified. No asbestos determination is made or implied.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-koka-ata185-12