Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
-
[1]research packet 385-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: none assigned — never named. Proper reference: USS LCI(L)-1004.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-1004-lcil1004-pkt-385-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-1004 (history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry', Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page 10/15/151004.htm, vessel history block and specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource Amphibious Photo Archive entry for USS LCI(L)-1004: LCI-351 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 1944-04-24 at Consolidated Steel Corp, Shipbuilding Div., Orange, TX; launched 1944-05-20; commissioned 1944-06-08; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater with no credited campaigns listed; awards American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal (no battle stars); decommissioned and stricken dates unknown; transferred to the Maritime Commission 1948-02-19; final disposition unknown. Spec block: displacement 236 t light / 419 t loaded; length 158'5.5"; beam 23'3"; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted; five single 20mm guns; 2-inch plastic splinter protection; 8 x GM 6051 series 71 diesels (4 per shaft), twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Crew (4 officers + 24 enlisted) and embarked troops (up to ~182-196) 1944-46; Maritime Commission custodial period 1948+
- Limitations
- Standard reference compilation for numbered landing craft (Turner Publishing history); independently corroborated on builder/commissioning/disposal by shipbuildinghistory.com and on the service window by NARA deck-log coverage. Contains no asbestos information; campaign list absence and unknown decommission/stricken dates reflect the thin surviving record, not proof of no combat service. Does not establish exposure, quantity, or present-day condition.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-01
-
[3]Shipbuilding History (shipbuildinghistory.com), 'Landing Craft Infantry LCI(L)' construction table - LCI(L) hull 1004 row [other_primary]
- Locator
- lcil.htm table, LCI(L) 1004 row (Consol. Steel, Orange TX, 8-Jun-44, 'To NDRF 1948')
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Shipbuildinghistory.com (Tim Colton) Consolidated Steel Orange TX yard table lists LCI(L)-1004 at the Orange TX yard with delivery/commissioning 1944-06-08 and disposition 'to NDRF 1948', independently corroborating NavSource's builder, commissioning date, and 1948 Maritime Commission custody transfer.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Limitations
- Compiled yard-history table (reputable secondary compilation, not a government record); used only as corroboration of NavSource milestones. 'To NDRF 1948' indicates reserve-fleet custody but does not document the sale/scrapping outcome - final fate remains unknown. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-02
-
[4]National Archives Catalog, file unit 'LCI(L) 1004 - Muster Rolls', NAID 120341861 (RG 24, scanned via Ancestry partnership) [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov/id/120341861 - 99 images; first roll labeled 'Muster Roll Date: 1944 June 30'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds a digitized ship-specific muster-roll file unit for this hull: 'LCI(L) 1004 - Muster Rolls' (NAID 120341861), 99 scanned images in Record Group 24 (Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel), series 'Muster Rolls of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Other Naval Activities' (1939-1949), earliest roll dated 1944-06-30 - the crew-roster record set that would enumerate the servicemembers aboard this hull during its commissioned period.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- USS LCI(L)-1004 crew, 1944-46 (roster source)
- Limitations
- Archival lead: the file unit's existence, series, image count, and first-roll date were verified in the catalog; the 99 images were not individually reviewed. Muster rolls document who served aboard, not materials or exposure conditions - they name personnel, not asbestos. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-03
-
[5]NARA Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations (RG 24, series NAID 594258) - LCI(L)-1004 coverage 1944-06-08 to 1945-06-30 per the PRIMARY vessel index and NARA deck-log program documentation [other_primary]
- Locator
- Series NAID 594258; coverage window per batch PRIMARY index ('LCI(L)-1004 6/8/1944 6/30/1945'); individual file-unit NAID not surfaced in this session's catalog searches
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA records Navy deck logs for this hull covering 1944-06-08 (commissioning day) through 1945-06-30, in Record Group 24, series 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' (series NAID 594258) - the dated operational record of movements, drills, and conditions aboard during her first year of Pacific service.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-06-08 to 1945-06-30
- Population
- USS LCI(L)-1004 crew, 1944-45
- Limitations
- Deck-log coverage dates are from the batch index, consistent with the verified commissioning date (1944-06-08 = day one of coverage) and with NARA's digitized deck-log program; the individual file-unit record was not independently opened this session - coverage endpoints are not claimed as commissioning/decommissioning dates beyond the start-date coincidence, and log contents were not reviewed. Deck logs record operations, not materials - no asbestos inference drawn.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-04
-
[6]NARA catalog full-text search result set, 'COM LCI(L) FLOT 24 - War Diary' file units, RG 38 WWII War Diaries [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 77520575 (FLOT 24, 8/1-31/45) and companion monthly units May-Oct 1945 surfaced under query '"LCI(L) 1004"'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A NARA catalog full-text search for this hull surfaces the Commander LCI(L) Flotilla 24 war diaries in RG 38 (World War II War Diaries) for May, August, September, and October 1945 (e.g., NAIDs 83531789, 77520575, 77574318, 77595539) - indicating the catalog's extracted-text index associates 'LCI(L) 1004' with Flotilla 24 operational records, a lead that the ship operated under LCI(L) Flotilla 24 in the late-war Pacific.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- LCI(L) Flotilla 24 crews, late-war Pacific
- Limitations
- Unconfirmed association: the catalog's OCR/extracted-text index returned these flotilla diaries for the hull-number query, but the diary images were not individually reviewed to confirm the hull's appearance in them - flotilla assignment is a lead, not an asserted fact. War diaries cover operations, not materials; no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-05
-
[7]Historic American Engineering Record AK-52, M/V Husky II (USS LCI(L) 653, later AMCU-16/MHC-16, later USS Avocet) - LCI(L) 351-class sister hull documentation, Library of Congress [haer]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 report, pp. 4-8 (class design history, construction, machinery, complement); spec table p. 2
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- HAER AK-52 documents the LCI(L) 351 class from Navy specifications and Bureau of Ships plans (RG 19): the class variant introduced at LCI(L)-351 (May 1943) carried the deck house the full width of the hull with a cylindrical pilot house; construction was welded steel with high-tensile splinter plating; the 'plastic splinter protection' cited in spec sheets was 2 inches of crushed granite pebbles embedded in bitumen; machinery was eight GM Series 71 diesel truck engines on two shafts with variable-pitch propellers; design doctrine deliberately sacrificed durability and refinement for rapid construction ('critical materials are to be avoided'). The report contains no asbestos statements anywhere - the only insulation it describes aboard an LCI(L)-351-class hull is 1980s civilian fishing-tender spray-foam, not original Navy equipment.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (class era documented); report 2012
- Population
- LCI(L) 351-class construction trades and crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Official federal documentation of a sister hull (LCI(L) 653), not of this vessel - used for class design facts only. Its total silence on asbestos is itself informative (the class's official engineering record names no asbestos product) but is not evidence that this hull carried or lacked asbestos; it does not establish any ship-specific material fact for LCI(L)-1004.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: HAER AK-52 class construction documentation (diesel plant, welded steel, no asbestos named); NavSource specification block; Corn & Starr WWII shipbuilding scholarship (see ev-08); GAO HRD-80-2 program context (see ev-10) [other_primary]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 pp. 4-8; NavSource 10/15/151004.htm spec block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era inference bounded by propulsion type: this diesel-powered landing craft carries no steam plant, so the boiler/turbine-lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; era-standard asbestos applications aboard a 1944 steel landing craft of this size were diesel-exhaust and muffler lagging, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, flange and machinery gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, and galley/magazine-area fireproofing. WWII U.S. shipbuilding operated inside the documented peak-asbestos-use era for naval construction.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Consolidated Steel Orange construction trades (1944); crew (1944-46); NDRF/scrapping trades post-1948
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or build specification naming asbestos was located for LCI(L)-1004. Names era-standard candidate applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity, location, condition, individual exposure, or causation. The diesel plant materially narrows the plausible asbestos footprint relative to steam vessels.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-07
-
[9]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373 (publisher page returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch; bibliographic record stands)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical scholarship documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and program under which this 1944 steel-hulled landing craft was mass-produced - with wartime demand driving unprecedented asbestos utilization in naval and merchant construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (era context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarship on WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel, this type, or this yard, and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-08
-
[10]Board of Veterans' Appeals, Citation Nr 9828426 (docket 94-15 783), decided 1998-09-23 (va.gov) [court_record]
- Locator
- 9828426.txt - Findings of Fact 1-2; Factual Background (Consolidated Steel employment, boilermaker dept.)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- VA Board of Veterans' Appeals decision (Citation Nr 9828426, 1998) examined asbestos exposure claims of a veteran employed at this hull's builder - Consolidated Steel Corporation, Orange, TX - from April 1942 to May 1944 as a driller in the boilermaker department (drilling, reaming, countersinking steel plates) overlapping this hull's construction window. The Board found as fact that the claimant was NOT exposed to asbestos during his Orange yard employment, but WAS exposed to asbestos serving aboard Navy vessels in service ('asbestos coated pipes throughout the ships on which he served'), granting service connection for asbestos-related lung disease on that basis.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946 employment/service; decision 1998
- Population
- Consolidated Steel Orange workforce, 1942-44 (one adjudicated claimant); WWII shipboard servicemembers (generic)
- Limitations
- Adjudicated administrative record for one claimant, not a survey of the yard or any hull: the no-yard-exposure finding is specific to that worker and does not generalize, and the shipboard-exposure finding names no vessel. Establishes only that yard/ship asbestos questions were adjudicated for the Orange workforce in the build window; establishes nothing about LCI(L)-1004 specifically.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-09
-
[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked to automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-29; product-page description used)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire 1944 construction and 1944-48 Navy service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979 (report)
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-10
-
[12]CourtListener API v4 search, type=o, hull-designation variants (batch helper, authenticated) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-1004-08 (opinion) and sl-uss-lci-l-1004-09 (docket, blocked)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search for this hull ('LCI-1004' OR 'LCI(L)-1004' OR 'LCI 1004' OR 'LCI(L) 1004') returned zero results. No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull was located in the opinion index; secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case either - only law-firm marketing material about the builder yard (excluded by source policy).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29 (search date)
- Limitations
- Zero opinion hits is a verified negative for the opinion index only; the RECAP docket-index pass was not completed this session (fleet pacing) - docket-level litigation status is open, not negative. No result does not prove no exposure occurred aboard; it records that no published opinion names this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-11
-
[13]Batch-4901 search ledger (this record): NavSource; shipbuildinghistory; NARA catalog (muster rolls verified, deck logs indexed, FLOT 24 diaries lead); HAER AK-52; VA BVA 9828426; CourtListener (opinion pass complete, docket pass blocked); NHHC/DANFS check; usslci.org; MARAD/NDRF check; secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-1004-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-1004-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, preserved-hull documentation, or litigation naming LCI(L)-1004 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull's final disposition is itself unknown after the 1948 Maritime Commission transfer - there is no surviving ship to survey, and the official class documentation names no asbestos product.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1944 naval construction sat inside the documented peak-asbestos era, and no survey of this hull was ever likely to exist given her 1948 disposal. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure, quantity, or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1004-12