Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
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[1]DANFS, Rail II (AMCU-37), NHHC ship-history entry dated 14 September 2005 (Wayback capture 2021-08-05; live NHHC page returned 404 on 2026-09-29) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Rail II (AMCU-37) entry, full text + spec block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS documents this hull's complete history: laid down 3 March 1944 at Portland, Ore., by Albina Engine & Machinery Works; launched 17 April 1944; commissioned 18 May 1944 as LCI(L)-1022. Shakedown San Diego; Pearl Harbor 15 July 1944; Milne Bay; Philippines - Ormoc Bay landing 7 December, Mindoro landing 15 December; remained Philippines to war's end; departed Tacloban 5 September 1945 for Okinawa; Shanghai; Pearl Harbor; San Pedro; Canal Zone; New Orleans (arrived 20 May 1946, Commander Eighth Naval District, inactivation). Decommissioned 14 August 1946; Mayport 20 October for Green Cove Springs lay-up. Redesignated LSIL-1022 28 February 1949; moved to Charleston then New York February 1952; reclassified coastal minesweeper (underwater locator) AMCU-37 and named Rail 7 March 1952; converted by New York Naval Shipyard, Brooklyn; recommissioned 13 September 1952, Lt. L. H. Foisey commanding. Shakedown Norfolk; Little Creek VA underwater mine-locating sonar evaluation; March 1953 US Naval Mine Countermeasures Station Panama City FL, back to Little Creek December; June 1954 Coco Solo CZ under ComFifteenth Naval District; reclassified coastal minehunter MHC-37 7 February 1955; Coco Solo and Guantanamo Bay operations; Norfolk 11 June 1956; Boston 4 September 1957; decommissioned New London 13 October 1957; stricken from Navy List 1 January 1960. Two battle stars WWII. Spec block: displacement 387; length 159'0"; beam 23'8"; draft 5'8"; speed 14 knots; complement 40; armament 5 x 20mm; class LCI(L)-351.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- Albina construction trades (1944); crew (1944-46, 1952-57); NY Naval Shipyard conversion trades (1952)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific service history only; contains no asbestos or material content. DANFS does not record the post-1960 disposal (sale to Tropicana Products Co. comes from NavSource/NavalCoverMuseum). Live NHHC page 404s (standing NHHC link-rot defect from Batch 01) - verbatim entry verified via Wayback capture of history.navy.mil.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-01
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[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS Rail (MHC-37) ex-AMCU-37 / LSIL-1022 / LCI(L)-1022 (10/15/151022) - designation timeline, campaign tables, awards, disposal, crew-family photography [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/151022.htm header block, campaign/award tables, photo captions, LCI(L) specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: LCI-351 class; laid down 3 March 1944 Albina Engine and Machinery Works, Portland OR; launched 17 April 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-1022 18 May 1944. Asiatic-Pacific Theater campaigns: Leyte operation (Leyte landings 5-29 November 1944; Ormoc Bay landing 7-8 December 1944) and Luzon operation (Mindoro landings 12-18 December 1944). Post-war: Navy Occupation Service Medal and China Service Medal (extended) both 8 September-16 December 1945. Decommissioned 14 August 1946 Mayport FL; Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Florida Group, Green Cove Springs. Designation LSIL 28 February 1949; FY1952 conversion authorization to Coastal Minesweeper (Underwater Locator); contract with New York Naval Shipyard, Brooklyn, 7 March 1952, conversion completed September 1952; commissioned Rail (AMCU-37) 13 September 1952; redesignated Coastal Minehunter MHC-37 7 February 1955; decommissioned 13 October 1957 New London CT; struck from Naval Register 1 January 1960; two WWII battle stars; sold (date unknown) to Tropicana Products Co., La Ceiba, Honduras, renamed Abaco-Admiral; final disposition unknown. Photo series includes crewmembers working on the hull while drydocked (date/location unknown) and a crew photo at Shanghai circa September-December 1945 (Emanuel Roth GM2/c collection).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- Crew (1944-46 incl. embarked troops up to 188); conversion workforce at NYNS (1952); crew (1952-57)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry; its milestones here match DANFS exactly where they overlap. Contains no asbestos content; drydock and crew photos document presence and activity, not materials. Disposal details (Tropicana Products Co., Abaco-Admiral, IMO 5000639 per secondary registries) rest on NavSource/NavalCoverMuseum/Shipindex - no primary bill of sale located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-02
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[3]NARA deck-log holdings for this hull: (1) Special List 44 ship-number index lists LCI(L)-1022 among RG 24 logbooks (batch-supplied coverage 18 May 1944 - 30 June 1945); (2) NARA 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' lists Rail (MHC-37), commissioned September 1952 / decommissioned October 1957, with digitized logs for January 1956 - November 1957 (e.g., January 1956 = NAID 216288197; November 1957 = NAID 216289519) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL-44 ship-number index (LCI(L)-1022 entry); https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy-online Rail (MHC-37) listing; NAID 216288197 et seq.
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds operational records for this hull under both identities: WWII-era LCI(L)-1022 logs covering the 18 May 1944 - 30 June 1945 window (commissioning through occupation/China service start), held in RG 24 logbook holdings at College Park and indexed in Special List 44; and digitized Rail (MHC-37) deck logs covering January 1956 through November 1957 (the Coco Solo/Guantanamo Bay operating period through the Boston transit) available in the National Archives Catalog. These are the primary day-by-day records of what work and events occurred aboard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1945; 1956-1957
- Population
- Crew (1944-45; 1956-57)
- Limitations
- Holdings-level finding only: establishes that logs exist (and that the 1956-57 logs are digitized), not their content - no page was reviewed this session. The LCI(L)-1022 WWII coverage dates come from the batch tasking's NARA record note corroborated by the SL-44 ship-number listing; whether those WWII logs are digitized was not confirmed (they do not appear on the online deck-log list - the list carries only the later Rail MHC-37 entries). Log coverage endpoints are not commissioning/decommissioning claims.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-03
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[4]Era inference built on: DANFS spec block (diesel plant, LCI(L)-351 class); NavSource LCI(L) specifications (8 x GM diesel engines, 4 per shaft; GM reduction gears; 2 x 30kW generators; twin variable-pitch propellers); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos program documentation (see ev-05); NY Naval Shipyard documented exposure record (see ev-06) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS spec block; NavSource LCI(L) specifications block; GAO HRD-80-2 product page; 772 F. Supp. 1380 (S.D.N.Y. 1991)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1944-built diesel-powered landing craft sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos era, and the March-September 1952 AMCU conversion at the New York Naval Shipyard falls inside both the Navy's pre-substitution era and that yard's documented asbestos-exposure period. Era-standard applications aboard a small diesel combatant of this type: diesel-exhaust lagging and silencer insulation, machinery-space thermal insulation, gaskets and valve/flange packing, electrical cable and switchboard insulation, refrigeration/galley insulation, and winch/windlass brake linings. The 1952 conversion - stripping the amphibious fit and rebuilding her as a minehunter with new sonar - would have disturbed original insulation and installed current-spec materials, an exposure pathway for conversion-yard trades independent of crew exposure. Diesel propulsion means no boiler or turbine lagging pathway.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- Albina construction trades (1944); crew (1944-57); NY Naval Shipyard conversion trades (1952); commercial crew/scrappers post-1960
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, conversion work package, or material list located for this hull. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution. Asbestos presence aboard is unproven; nothing here establishes individual exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-04
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[5]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire Navy career: construction (1944), first commission (1944-46), NY Naval Shipyard conversion (1952), and second commission (1952-57).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-29) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-05
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[6]In re Eastern and Southern Districts Asbestos Litigation, 772 F. Supp. 1380 (S.D.N.Y. 1991) (Weinstein, J.) - consolidated asbestos litigation [court_record]
- Locator
- 772 F. Supp. 1380 (S.D.N.Y. 1991), Weinstein J.; yard record ev-brooklyn-navy-yard-04 in shipyards.json
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- The federal consolidated asbestos record documents asbestos-exposure claims of Brooklyn Navy Yard (New York Naval Shipyard) workers - the yard that performed this hull's March-September 1952 AMCU-37 conversion. The conversion workforce at that yard during the documented exposure era is the population of interest for any conversion-period exposure pathway aboard this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1991 (opinion); exposure era through yard's 1966 closure
- Population
- New York Naval Shipyard workers (WWII-1960s era incl. 1952 AMCU conversion trades)
- Limitations
- Yard-level documentation, not a hull record: the opinion addresses Brooklyn Navy Yard worker exposure generally and does not name this vessel, her conversion contract, or any individual who worked on her. Litigation-stage note: this is a consolidated-proceedings opinion on consolidated claims - it documents that exposure claims arising from yard work exist in the judicial record; it is not a finding that any person aboard LCI(L)-1022/Rail was exposed. Reporter cite per shipyards.json yard record; CourtListener lookup pending (fleet-pacing block this session).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-06
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[7]Batch-4919 search ledger (this record): DANFS Rail II entry (Wayback); NavSource 10/15/151022; NARA SL-44 + online deck-log list; ShipbuildingHistory Albina table; NavalCoverMuseum RAIL MHC-37; GAO product page; CourtListener (blocked); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, conversion work package, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming LCI(L)-1022 / LSIL-1022 / Rail (AMCU-37/MHC-37) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CAVEAT: CourtListener could not be queried this session - the authenticated fleet helper returned its pacing stand-down signal on every attempt; logged as blocked, not as a negative result. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case; the only 'asbestos aboard' material is law-firm marketing listicles asserting asbestos without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy. NAME COLLISION: 'USS Rail' entries on those lists point to Rail AM-26 (Lapwing class, disposed 1947), a different vessel - nothing located names this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull was built and converted inside the documented Navy asbestos era. The litigation-repository search is a genuine open gap (fleet throttling, not run). Deck logs (1944-45 and 1956-57 digitized) and NYNS conversion work packages (NARA RG 181, Philadelphia) are undigitized/unreviewed leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1022-lcil1022-07