Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 829-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-1060-lcil1060-pkt-829-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-1060 ex USS LCI(L)-1060 - milestone timeline, specifications, awards, NHHC-credited photograph [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/151060.htm header block, 'LCI-351 Class Landing Craft Infantry (Large)' timeline, specifications block, awards display, photo caption 1015106001
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 3 April 1944 at Defoe Ship Building Co., Bay City, MI; launched 17 April 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-1060, 26 April 1944; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Guns) LCI(G)-1060, 31 December 1944; assigned Asiatic-Pacific Theater WWII; classification reverted to LCI(L)-1060, 10 September 1945; decommissioned, date unknown; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; transferred to the Maritime Commission 16 February 1948; transferred to Argentina, redesignated ARA BDI No.14, 1948; disposed of by the Argentine Navy 1960, fate unknown. Awards displayed: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal (no battle stars listed). Radio call sign NZOR. Page displays NHHC photo NH 74313: LCI(G)-1060 nested with LCI(G)-1018, -964, -1016, -1017, -961, LCI(L)-982 and LCI(G)-1015, location unknown, circa 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- Defoe construction trades (1944); crew LCI(L) 3 officers + 21 enlisted / LCI(G) 5 officers + 65 enlisted; embarked troops up to 188
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation (page credits 'USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry", Vol. II,' Turner Publishing, 1995), not a primary registry. Decommissioning and striking dates are absent from the record and remain open gaps. The NHHC photo page for NH 74313 returns 404 under NHHC's restructured site - photo content verified via the NavSource caption only. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-01
-
[3]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII, USS LCI(L)-1060 - ship card and Operation Oboe VI (Brunei) order-of-battle transcription [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/22125.html, 'Notable events' - 10 Jun 1945 Operation Oboe VI order of battle, Task Unit 78.1.13 and Task Unit 78.1.19
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net's transcription of the Operation Oboe VI (Allied landings at Brunei) order of battle places LCI(L)-1060, commanded by Lt. C.J. Wolfe, USNR, in Task Unit 78.1.13 - the LCI unit under T/Capt. F.B.C. Martin, USN (COMLCI(L)FLOT 8) - of the Brunei Attack Group (Task Group 78.1, Rear Admiral F.B. Royal), and assigns her to Task Unit 78.1.19, the Reinforcement Unit, for the 10 June 1945 landings. The ship card confirms: built by Defoe Shipbuilding Co. (Bay City, MI); laid down 3 Apr 1944; launched 17 Apr 1944; commissioned 26 Apr 1944; reclassified LCI(G) 31 December 1944; transferred to Argentina 1948.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-06-10 (operation); service period 1944-1948
- Population
- Crew (LCI(G) wartime complement: 5 officers + 65 enlisted)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation transcribing official Allied operation-order data. Notation quirk: the order of battle lists her as LCI(L)-1060 even though she had been officially redesignated LCI(G)-1060 on 31 December 1944 - consistent with LCI(G)s continuing to be listed under parenthetical designations in op orders. Only documented operation located; earlier Pacific movements and any other landings are not covered by located sources. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-02
-
[4]US Navy Landing Ships/Craft, 1940-1945 (official postwar Navy compilation, HyperWar/ibiblio transcription) - LCI(G) list and specifications [other_primary]
- Locator
- ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/ships-lc.html, 'LCI(G) -- Landing Craft, Infantry (Gunboat)' table row LCI(G)-1060
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official postwar compilation lists LCI(G)-1060 in service 1944-45 with no conversion footnote - distinguishing her from sisters LCI(G)-1057, -1058, and -1059, which the same list notes were converted to LCI(M) mortar craft. Confirms the gunboat designation and service window against a Navy-compiled source.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Limitations
- Table-level listing only - confirms designation and service window, no detail. HyperWar/ibiblio is a faithful transcription site; underlying source is the official Navy ships/craft compilation. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-03
-
[5]ShipbuildingHistory (Tim Colton), Defoe Shipbuilding yard list - hull 313, LCI(L)-1060; and Rielly, 'American Amphibious Gunboats in WWII,' Appendix II builder table [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com/shipyards/large/defoe.htm Defoe hull table row 313; erenow.org mirror of Rielly Appendix II 'LCI(L) Builders' (verified live 2026-09-29)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Defoe yard list records yard hull 313 as LCI(L)-1060, a 236 t., 158 ft landing craft dated April 1944 and annotated 'To Argentina 1948' - corroborating the builder, approximate delivery window, and Argentine transfer. Rielly's Appendix II builder table independently assigns LCI(L)s 1055-1060 (and 1068-1070, 1077, 1078, 1088, 1089) to Defoe Shipbuilding Company, Bay City, MI.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Defoe Shipbuilding construction trades, Bay City (1944)
- Limitations
- Secondary yard-reference compilation. The yard list's April 1944 date column does not distinguish keel-laying from delivery and precedes the NavSource launch date - used for builder identity and disposition corroboration only, not milestone dating. Rielly's conversion-location appendix does not list where LCI(L)-1060 underwent LCI(G) conversion. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-04
-
[6]NARA deck-log holdings (batch PRIMARY manifest of NARA records): 'LCI(L)-1060 4/26/1944 - 6/30/1945'; series 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations'; NARA 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' index page [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' index (hull absent = not digitized); series 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' (catalog series NAID 594258); manifest coverage 4/26/1944-6/30/1945
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds Navy deck logs for LCI(L)-1060 covering 26 April 1944 through 30 June 1945 (per the batch manifest of NARA holdings). The hull does not appear on NARA's published index of digitized deck logs, so the logs are an undigitized physical/textual holding - the surviving operational record covering commissioning through mid-1945, including the Brunei period.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-04-26 to 1945-06-30
- Population
- Crew of LCI(L)-1060 / LCI(G)-1060 (log coverage period)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only. Coverage window is from the batch manifest of NARA holdings, not independently verified at file-unit level - the NARA catalog is JS-rendered and unfetchable from this network (same standing defect as Batch-98). Log coverage endpoints are NOT claimed as commissioning or decommissioning dates. Deck logs are administrative records; no asbestos content is expected or implied.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-05
-
[7]Royal Australian Navy, official history page 'Operation Oboe' (via Wayback capture 2026-04-20; live navy.gov.au unreachable from this network) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navy.gov.au Operation Oboe page, 'Oboe Six' paragraphs (Wayback capture 20260420110411)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official RAN history documents the operation this hull is recorded participating in (via ev-uss-lci-l-1060-02): Operation Oboe Six - the invasion of north Borneo at Labuan and Brunei - proceeded to plan on 10 June 1945; preliminary naval bombardment, hydrographic and mine clearance preceded landings; Australian troops met little Japanese opposition; the 9th Australian Division secured much of Brunei and British Borneo.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1945-06-10
- Limitations
- Operation-level context only - the RAN page does not name this vessel or any LCI; it corroborates the operation, date, and outcome recorded in the order-of-battle evidence. Live navy.gov.au unreachable from this network (connection failure); cited via Wayback capture dated 2026-04-20. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications block (LCI-351 class propulsion: two sets of 4 GM diesel engines, 4 per shaft, 1,600 bhp, twin variable-pitch propellers); LCI-351 class specifications (steel-hulled diesel landing craft); WWII shipbuilding asbestos literature [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/151060.htm specifications block (diesel propulsion, armament, complement)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- As a 1944 wartime-built naval craft, this hull belongs to the era when asbestos was a standard shipboard material, but the diesel propulsion plant bounds the inference: there were no boilers, steam drums, or steam-line lagging aboard an LCI-351-class craft. Era-typical asbestos applications on a diesel landing craft of this size were limited to engine and exhaust lagging, machinery insulation, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, and fireproof board/sheet materials in accommodation spaces.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Defoe construction trades (1944); crew and embarked troops (1944-1948); Argentine Navy crew (1948-1960)
- Limitations
- Era inference only - no ship-specific record located. Neither NavSource, the official landing-craft compilation, nor any located class documentation itemizes construction materials for this hull. Does not establish that asbestos was installed, its quantity, condition, location, present-day fate, or any individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-07
-
[9]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documenting that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program under which this landing craft was mass-produced - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization across naval and merchant construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the LCI type and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-08
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[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (product summary; full text blocked to automated fetch)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships from WWII into the early 1970s and that Navy efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure lagged - the program-level context for asbestos aboard U.S. Navy vessels of this hull's era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- WWII-1979 (report coverage)
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and crews, WWII-1970s (program context)
- Limitations
- Program-level finding; does not name this vessel or amphibious landing craft and does not establish asbestos conditions aboard this hull. gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches - the product-page description was used; full text not retrieved this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-09
-
[11]Batch-4939 search ledger (this record): NavSource; uboat.net order-of-battle transcription; HyperWar official Navy landing-craft list; ShipbuildingHistory Defoe yard list; Rielly 'American Amphibious Gunboats' Appendix II; NARA deck-log index; CourtListener API v4 (authenticated); es.wikipedia Argentine amphibious annex (secondary cross-check) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-1060-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-1060-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming LCI(L)-1060, LCI(G)-1060, or ARA BDI No.14 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener authenticated searches returned zero opinions and zero dockets for 'LCI(L)-1060' and 'LCI(G)-1060'; the sole 'LCI-1060' docket hit is a South Carolina prisoner civil-rights case (Cabbagestalk v. Ozmint) in which the string is a correctional-institution identifier - a name collision, classified non-qualifying.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - absence is expected for a small landing craft with no surviving hull, undigitized deck logs, and no published unit history. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. Two variant-string CourtListener queries ('LCIL-1060' opinion and docket) were blocked by the shared fleet pacing budget at search time - flagged in the ledger and gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-1060-10