Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 807-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-pkt-807-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-18 ex USS LCI(L)-18 - construction milestones, theater/flotilla assignment, campaign list, redesignation, disposal, class spec block (page history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry', Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150018.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, and photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 13 September 1942 at New York Shipbuilding, Camden, NJ; launched 7 October 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-18, 11 December 1942; assigned Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater, LCI Flotilla One; campaigns - Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943, Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943, Anzio-Nettuno advanced landing 22 January-5 February and 13 February-1 March 1944, Elba and Pianosa landings 17 June 1944, invasion of southern France 15-30 August 1944; four battle stars; redesignated LCI(G)-18, 15 July 1945; decommissioned in 1945; struck from the Naval Register 21 January 1946; sold 13 December 1946, fate unknown; international radio call sign NJPY. Spec block (class-level, displayed on this hull's page): displacement 216 t light / 234 t landing / 389 t loaded; length 158 ft 5.5 in; beam 23 ft 3 in; LCI(L) complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted, troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted, cargo 75 tons; armament 4 x 20mm + 2 x .50 cal; armor 2-inch plastic splinter protection on gun turrets, conning tower, and pilot house; propulsion two sets of four GM diesels, four per shaft, 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers. Photo captions place this hull landing French 9th Colonial Infantry Division troops at Elba, 17 June 1944 (US Army Signal Corps photo, with LCI(L)s 188, 192, 44, 189); beached in the southern France invasion area 26 August 1944 (SC 429012, US Army Signal Corps Collection, US National Archives); and moored pierside at Golfe Juan, France, April 1945, CO ENS Philip Stanley Sloan, USNR.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- NY Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); crew 3 officers + 21 enlisted (LCI(L)) / 5 + 65 (LCI(G)); embarked troops up to 6 officers + 182 enlisted
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation - milestone dates and the campaign table track official lists but are not themselves a primary registry; page history is credited to the Turner Publishing association volume. Contains no asbestos or material content. Spec block prints '6 kts (max.)' against a class-consistent ~15.5 knots - probable typographical drop (see gaps).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-01
-
[3]NARA Special List 44, 'List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947' - ship-number listing PDF (and 1978 print edition, p. 332, 'Ships with Symbol and Number Designations', via ACPL Genealogy Center scan) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 21 (rows 'LCI(L)-18 12/12/1942 7/31/1943' and 'LCI(L)-18 12/1/1943 6/30/1945'); 1978 print ed. p. 332
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA inventories Navy deck logs for this hull across two spans: 12/12/1942-7/31/1943 and 12/1/1943-6/30/1945 (PDF page 21 of sl-44-ship-number.pdf; the 1978 print edition entry at p. 332 counts 4 logbooks across the two spans). Documenting wartime service from the day after commissioning through mid-1945, with a coverage gap August-November 1943 - the span containing the Salerno landings.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (log coverage); 1978 (inventory)
- Population
- Crew and embarked personnel within the covered spans
- Limitations
- Inventory metadata only: these are log-coverage dates, not asserted commissioning/decommissioning dates; the logbooks themselves are not digitized (held as textual records, RG 24 entry P118 series, NARA College Park). Absence of the Aug-Nov 1943 span from the inventory does not prove logs were not kept - holdings gaps are common in SL44. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-02
-
[4]NARA, World War II War Diaries, Other Operational Records and Histories (Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations; series NAID 4697018): USS LCI(L) 18 monthly war diaries and action reports, digitized [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov/id/78516515 (June 1944 diary, images 0239-0249 of microfilm serial 78797); series NAID 4697018; NAIDs listed in finding_value
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NARA holds digitized ship-specific primary records for this hull: monthly war diaries covering December 1943 through February 1945 at catalog-title level (NAIDs 78262895, 78340382 [titled '1/1/43 to 2/29/44'], 78420786, 78430937, 78477304, 78516515, 78557500, 134356671, 139748799, 78646110, 78705849, 139805898, 139860209, 139885209), the ship's action report for the Cape D'Anzio landings 21 January-5 February 1944 (NAID 78309393), and her report of operations for the invasion of southern France 9-25 August 1944 (NAID 134359041); the flotilla-level diary COM LCI(L) FLOT1, 2/28/43-11/30/43 (NAID 78268797) covers the Sicily/Salerno window. June 1944 diary pages inspected directly: cover reads 'U.S.S. LCI(L) 18 / Month of June 1944', letterhead 'EIGHTH AMPHIBIOUS FORCE / LCI(L) Flotilla One', signed John L. Bruemmer, Lt., USNR, Commanding; entries document the 1 June 1944 convoy Nisida-to-Anzio with LCI(L)s 38, 221, 46 and HMS LCI(L)s 284, 254, 292, debarkation of troops at North Hard, Anzio harbor, and mooring at LCI(L) Nest #1, Pozzuoli.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Ship's company (~24 LCI(L)) and embarked troops; Lt. John L. Bruemmer USNR (CO, June 1944); ENS Philip Stanley Sloan USNR (CO, April 1945 per NavSource caption)
- Limitations
- Primary operational records, not material records: war diaries log movements, operations, and personnel events - they contain no asbestos or insulation information and are not exposure documentation. Only the June 1944 diary (NAID 78516515, 11 images) was read directly this session; the remaining months' contents were verified at catalog-title level only. Catalog title for the June 1944 diary says 'USS LCI(G) 18' though the document itself reads LCI(L) - see correction row ev-06.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-03
-
[5]HyperWar, 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945: Landing Ships and Craft' (compiled by Patrick Clancey, HyperWar Foundation) - LCI(L)-1 class specification block and hull listing [other_primary]
- Locator
- ships-lc.html, 'LCI(L) - Landing Craft, Infantry (Large)' section, LCI(L)-1 class spec block and hull table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LCI(L)-1 class specification: displacement 387 tons full load; length 160 ft; beam 23 ft 3 in; draft 5 ft 4 in fwd / 5 ft 11 in aft full load; speed 15.5 knots; armament 4 x 20mm; complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted; capacity 6 officers and 182 troops or 75 tons cargo; 2 sets of GM diesel engines, twin variable-pitch screws, 1,600 BHP. The page's LCI(L) table lists 'LCI(L)-18 ... 1942-44' with no loss or transfer note - consistent with US retention throughout the war (fourteen of the 48 NY Ship LCI(L)s went to Britain under Lend-Lease; this hull did not).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1940-1945
- Population
- Class context
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation (HyperWar transcription of USN vessel lists), not a primary registry. Class specification block is class-level - describes the type, not this individual hull's as-built condition. Commissioned-range column '1942-4x' corroborates but does not replace ship-specific sources. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-04
-
[6]Yorkship (New York Shipbuilding Corporation historical site), 'Landing Craft of New York Shipbuilding Co.' - LCI(L) construction program description [other_primary]
- Locator
- yorkship.org/HTML/landing.htm, 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) LCI(L)' section
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- New York Shipbuilding designed and built 48 LCI(L)s under a contract let in FY 1940; all 48 were erected in the yard's covered shipway 'O' with several building simultaneously along its 800-ft length, delivered to the Navy October 1942-February 1943 and commissioned as numbers 1 through 48 - this hull (LCI(L)-18) is within that 48-hull series. Plans provided by New York Ship were used by smaller yards (Consolidated Steel, Lawley & Sons, New Jersey Shipbuilding) for ~900 further craft; 14 of the 48 Yorkship hulls went to Britain under Lend-Lease.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1943
- Population
- NY Shipbuilding shipway-O construction trades (1942-43)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained yard history site - secondary, though specific to the builder and consistent with NavSource/uboat.net builder attribution. Establishes construction series and building location (shipway O) only; contains no asbestos content and no hull-specific material detail.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-05
-
[7]Designation cross-check: NARA catalog title 'USS LCI(G) 18 - War Diary, 6/1-30/44' (NAID 78516515) vs the diary's own cover 'U.S.S. LCI(L) 18 / Month of June 1944'; NavSource/uboat.net redesignation date 15 July 1945 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78516515 digital object images 0239-0240 (cover and p.2); NavSource 10/15/150018.htm designation line
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION: the NARA catalog titles the June 1944 war diary 'USS LCI(G) 18', but the document itself - cover page and letterhead, inspected directly (microfilm serial 78797, images 0239ff) - reads 'U.S.S. LCI(L) 18', 'LCI(L) Flotilla One'. The LCI(G) string in the catalog title is a filing/cataloging artifact of the hull's later designation; she remained LCI(L)-18 through at least February 1945 (war-diary titles) and was redesignated LCI(G)-18 on 15 July 1945 per NavSource and uboat.net.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Limitations
- Corrects a catalog-metadata artifact, not a material claim. The 15 July 1945 redesignation date itself rests on NavSource/uboat (secondary compilations) - consistent with self-described LCI(L) status in war diaries through Feb 1945 but not independently confirmed against the redesignation directive. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource/HyperWar LCI(L)-1 class specifications (8 GM diesels, no steam plant); shipyard-exposure-map documented asbestos product list for New York Shipbuilding, Camden (shipyards.json: Pabco Six-Ply Super Caltemp block 15% chrysotile; Ehret 85% magnesia insulation; Johns-Manville Transite panels 10-30%; asbestos gaskets and packing; asbestos-coated welding rods 5-15%; ebonized asbestos lumber; wire insulation 75-85% chrysotile; felt insulation 5-50%); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy-wide asbestos-era documentation (see ev-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150018.htm spec block; HyperWar ships-lc.html class spec; shipyards.json product list for new-york-shipbuilding
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered landing craft built Sept-Oct 1942 at New York Shipbuilding sits inside that yard's documented asbestos-use era and inside the Navy's asbestos era generally. Era-standard applications aboard a craft of this type and period were engine and diesel-exhaust lagging, machinery insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical/wire insulation in confined machinery spaces, plus joiner/insulation materials in accommodation spaces. As a diesel craft she carried no boilers or steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- NY Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); crew ~24 (LCI(L)) / ~70 (LCI(G)); embarked troops transiting below-decks spaces
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-18. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; product names are normalized era terms with no manufacturer attribution for this hull. Landing craft had far less insulated machinery volume than steam vessels - inference must not be overstated.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-07
-
[9]shipyard-exposure-map Atlas record for New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden NJ (shipyards.json yard_id 'new-york-shipbuilding'): documented asbestos products list; cohort findings - electricians' mesothelioma risk ~16x general population (PMC6280925), ~86% asbestosis prevalence among surveyed ship-repair workers (PMID 7342758); U.S. Maritime Commission 1944 report on asbestos risk in shipbuilding (fmc.gov REPORT_TO_CONGRESS_1944.pdf); Navy 1943 'Minimum Requirements for Safety' recognizing asbestos respiratory risk (doi 10.3109/08958378.2011.643417) [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipyards.json yard_id new-york-shipbuilding (evidence rows ev-new-york-shipbuilding-05/-07/-08/-11/-12; asbestos_products_documented)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Government and epidemiological documentation of asbestos at this hull's builder: the Atlas yard record documents the asbestos product lines used at New York Shipbuilding during the era covering this hull's construction - Pabco Six-Ply Super Caltemp block (15% chrysotile), Ehret Magnesia 85% magnesia insulation, Johns-Manville Transite panels (10-30% asbestos), asbestos gaskets and packing, asbestos-coated welding rods (5-15%), ebonized asbestos lumber, wire insulation (75-85% chrysotile), felt insulation (5-50%) - plus cohort studies of the yard's workforce (electricians' mesothelioma risk ~16x general population, PMC6280925; ~86% asbestosis prevalence among surveyed ship-repair workers, PMID 7342758) and contemporaneous 1943-44 federal recognition of shipbuilding asbestos hazard (USMC report to Congress; Navy 'Minimum Requirements for Safety').
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (construction era); studies 1943-2018
- Population
- New York Shipbuilding workforce (WWII peak ~30,000); shipway-O LCI(L) construction trades (1942-43)
- Limitations
- Yard-level documentation, not a hull record - documents asbestos conditions and products at New York Shipbuilding generally; LCI(L)-18 is not named in any of it. Does not establish materials aboard this hull, individual exposure, or quantity. Yard-record row limitations are carried as logged in shipyards.json.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942) and service era (1942-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, standing since 2026-09-18) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-09
-
[11]Batch-4985 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (404); NavSource Amphibious Photo Archive; NARA SL44 ship-number PDF + 1978 print ed. scan; NARA Catalog war diaries/action reports; HyperWar; yorkship.org; uboat.net; CourtListener (blocked); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-18 / LCI(G)-18 was found in the public sources searched. CAVEAT: CourtListener could not be queried this session - the authenticated helper returned the fleet-wide pacing throttle on every attempt; logged as blocked in search_ledger, not as a negative result. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case; the only 'asbestos' material is law-firm marketing content for the builder yard (mesothelioma.com, mesothelioma.net New York Shipbuilding pages) asserting era-wide yard asbestos use without hull-level sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - and the litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (blocked, not run). NARA deck logs (not digitized) and any 1945-46 decommissioning/sale work records remain undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-18-lcil18-10