Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]research packet 807-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-189-lcil189-pkt-807-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-189 (archive 10/15/150189) - identity, construction, Mediterranean campaign table, specifications, disposal notes, Flotilla 1 photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150189.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, awards ribbons, Elba photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LCI(L)-1 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 1942 at Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Kearny, N.J.; launched January 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-189 on 28 January 1943 at Port Newark, N.J. Assigned to the Mediterranean Theater with credited campaigns: Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943; West Coast of Italy operations - Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings 22, 24, 25, 30 January, 1, 8, 12 February and 27 February - 1 March 1944, plus Elba and Pianosa landings 17 June 1944; Invasion of Southern France 15 August - 16 September 1944. Four battle stars for WWII service. Decommissioned and struck 'date unknown'; transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 24 November 1947; 'Final Disposition, fate unknown.' Photo captions (U.S. Army Signal Corps photo) place her among Flotilla 1 LCI(L)s - with LCI(L)-188, -18, -192, and -44 - landing French 9th Colonial Infantry Division troops during the invasion of Elba, 17 June 1944. Page notes 'There is no DANFS History currently available' for this hull. Specs: disp. 216 t light / 234 landing / 389 loaded; l. 158'5.5"; b. 23'3"; two sets of 4 GM diesels, 4 per shaft, 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers; 16 kts max; complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted; troops 6 officers + 182 enlisted; 4 x 20mm + 2 x .50 cal; call sign NQTM.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Federal Shipbuilding construction trades (1942-43); crew (1943-c.1946); embarked troops
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track official records but it supplies no laid-down day, no decommission/strike dates, and no post-disposal fate. The Kearny builder attribution conflicts with the yard production table's 'N' (Port Newark) flag - see ev-02 and gaps. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-01
-
[3]Shipbuilding History (Tim Colton), Federal Shipbuilding Kearny and Newark NJ production table; corroborated by the LCI(L) production table at shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/lcil.htm [other_primary]
- Locator
- federal.htm hull-342 row (K/N flag column = N); lcil.htm row 189 (column order: type / variant / number / builder / location / delivery / disposition)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The yard production table files this hull as Federal yard hull no. 342 - '342 | N | LCI(L) 189 | U.S. Navy | Landing Craft | Delivered 28-Jan-43 | To NDRF 1947' - i.e., built at the company's Port Newark yard ('N' flag distinguishes Newark vs 'K' Kearny throughout the table) and transferred to the National Defense Reserve Fleet in 1947. The companion LCI(L) table shows the same entry (Federal SB, Newark NJ, 28-Jan-43, 'To NDRF 1947') and context: sisters LCI(L) 161-187 went to Britain under Lend-Lease; hulls 188-190+ stayed U.S. Navy; LCI(L) 191 later sold 1948 as the excursion vessel Circle Line VII.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Federal Shipbuilding Port Newark trades (1942-43)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation by a specialist shipbuilding-data site (used here for yard number, yard flag, delivery date, and NDRF disposition - consistent with NavSource's 24 Nov 1947 Maritime Commission transfer). The 'N' vs NavSource 'Kearny' yard discrepancy is carried in gaps; both yards belonged to Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-02
-
[4]Department of the Navy, Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, NAVPERS 15,790 (Rev. 1953), Part IV Section 2 (Area Campaign Medals and Operation/Engagement Stars WWII) - 'List of Ships and Units eligible for Engagement Stars' (HyperWar transcription) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Awards-IV-16.html, Part IV 'List of Ships and Units eligible for Engagement Stars' - entry 'LCI(L) 189'; operation-code table (E2/E3/E4-1/E4-3/E7) in same file
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official awards manual lists 'LCI(L) 189' by name among ships eligible for engagement stars, with operation codes and dates: E2 (Sicilian occupation) 9-15 Jul 43; E3 (Salerno landings) 9-21 Sep 43; E4-1 (Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings) 22, 24, 25, 30 Jan and 1, 2, 8 Feb and 27 Feb - 1 Mar 44; E4-3 (Elba and Pianosa landings) 17 Jun 44; E7 (Invasion of Southern France) 15 Aug - 16 Sep 44. The E4 group ('West Coast of Italy operations - 1944') awards one star for participation in one or more sub-operations - consistent with the four battle stars (E2, E3, E4, E7) NavSource credits.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1944
- Population
- Crew during 1943-44 Mediterranean operations
- Limitations
- Official eligibility list, not an action report - it documents that the ship qualified for stars in named operations, not tactical detail. One date discrepancy vs NavSource: NAVPERS lists 2 Feb 44 under E4-1 where NavSource prints 12 Feb 44 - carried in gaps. NAVPERS is a 1953 revision transcribed by the HyperWar Foundation; no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-03
-
[5]National Archives, Special List #44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (ship-number edition) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, p. 21 - two adjacent 'LCI(L)-189' rows
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's logbook inventory lists two holdings spans for LCI(L)-189: 1/28/1943 - 3/29/1943 (commissioning through the first two months) and 11/1/1943 - 6/30/1945 (covering the Anzio-Nettuno, Elba/Pianosa, and Southern France operations through war's end). April-October 1943 - the period covering the Sicilian occupation and Salerno landings - is NOT in the inventoried holdings for this hull. These are physical logbook holdings (RG 24 lineage); whether the volumes are digitized in the National Archives Catalog could not be confirmed this session (catalog is JS-rendered; the online digitized-log index is name-indexed and lists no numbered landing craft).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Limitations
- Inventory confirms existence/span of holdings, not content - the logs themselves were not reviewed. The Apr-Oct 1943 gap coincides with the hull's Sicily and Salerno campaigns; cause of the gap (lost, never transferred, or separately held) is not stated in the list. Note: the batch tasking described only the 1/28-3/29/1943 span; the page-21 inventory carries a second span 11/1/1943-6/30/1945 which materially extends coverage.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-04
-
[6]Owens-Illinois, Inc. supplemental answers to second interrogatories, Heathman v. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. (Brazoria County TX, 23d Jud. Dist., No. 87-C-1934, filed 1990) - deposition exhibit list item 20: 'Industrial Health Survey of the Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Kearny, New Jersey, at 14 (August 30-31, September 1-2, 1944)'; product attributions per shipyard-exposure-map shipyards.json federal-shipbuilding-kearny record [other_primary]
- Locator
- ToxicDocs document 4ayjMMY2q6pqomB4eDk5Nq9op, exhibit list item 20 (p. 5 of interrogatory answers); shipyards.json 'federal-shipbuilding-kearny' products_documented pd-federal-kearny-01
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- A U.S. Maritime Commission-era industrial health survey of the builder - Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Kearny, N.J. - was conducted 30 August - 2 September 1944 and was later used by Owens-Illinois in asbestos litigation (filed as exhibit 20 in interrogatory answers listing shipyard industrial-health surveys). The Atlas shipyard dataset anchors documented asbestos products at Federal Shipbuilding to this survey - principally Johns-Manville Superex amosite pipe covering applied by insulators and pipefitters during the WWII construction peak.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944 (survey); 1942-45 construction era
- Population
- Federal Shipbuilding construction trades (1944 survey period; WWII peak ~35,000 employees company-wide)
- Limitations
- Yard-level, not hull-level documentation - and two further cautions apply: the survey names the Kearny yard while this hull was built at the company's Port Newark yard (yard-flag evidence, ev-02), and the August-September 1944 survey postdates this hull's 1942-43 construction. It documents company/yard asbestos-era practice, not materials installed aboard LCI(L)-189. The survey text itself was not reviewed - its existence and date are established by the litigation exhibit list; product detail is per the shipyards.json record, not independently re-verified against the survey document.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-05
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942-43) and service era (1943-c.1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches, confirmed 2026-09-29 - standing access gap also noted in batch-01 and batch-98 reports); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (two sets of 4 GM diesels, twin variable-pitch props - diesel plant, no steam); shipbuildinghistory production table (Federal SB, delivered 28-Jan-43); shipyard-exposure-map shipyards.json federal-shipbuilding-kearny product list (asbestos pipe insulation, gaskets documented at the builder company); GAO HRD-80-2 era bracket (see ev-06) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; shipbuildinghistory federal.htm hull-342 row; shipyards.json federal-shipbuilding-kearny; GAO product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered amphibious landing craft built 1942-43 at Federal Shipbuilding sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-insulation era and inside the builder's documented asbestos-product environment. Era-standard applications aboard a small diesel craft of this type and period were engine and diesel-exhaust lagging, machinery-space thermal insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply, and her insulating load was correspondingly lighter than a steam combatant's.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Federal Shipbuilding Port Newark trades (1942-43); crew (1943-c.1946); NDRF layup/yard trades (1947)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-189. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. The Kearny-yard survey underpinning the builder's documented product list covers a different yard than the one that built this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-07
-
[9]U.S. Coast Guard, The Coast Guard at War, Vol. X: Sicily-Italy Landings (official history), Appendix A (LCI(L) histories) and Appendix B (Coast Guard-manned ships entitled to operation and engagement stars - Sicily-Italy area) (HyperWar transcription) [other_primary]
- Locator
- USCG-X-A.html (pp. 182-184, individual LCI(L) histories) and USCG-X-B.html (CG-manned ships list); absence of LCI(L)-189 verified by full-text check 2026-09-29
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official USCG history documents the LCI(L) flotilla operations at Sicily (10 July 1943) and Salerno (9 September 1943) in which this hull's flotilla system took part, and its Appendix B list of Coast Guard-manned ships entitled to stars (LCI(L)s 83-96, 319-326, 349-350 et al. - Flotillas 4 and 10) does not include LCI(L)-189 - consistent with the Flotilla 1 (Navy-manned) identity shown in her photo captions, though the volume itself never names her.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943
- Population
- LCI(L) crews at Sicily/Salerno (CG-manned flotillas 4 and 10 documented)
- Limitations
- Context only: the volume does not name this hull and does not document her individual operations. Absence from the Coast Guard-manned list is negative inference only - it does not itself prove crew service. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-08
-
[10]Batch-4987 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (404, no entry); NARA Special List 44 (two log spans); NavSource; shipbuildinghistory; NAVPERS 15,790 engagement-star list; USCG official history; ToxicDocs exhibit; GAO (403-blocked); CourtListener (blocked); NARA catalog (JS-rendered); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-189-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-189-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-189 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CAVEAT: CourtListener could not be queried to completion this session - every attempt returned the fleet-wide pacing stand-down (shared ~114/hr budget spent); logged as blocked in the search ledger, not as a negative result. A secondary web sweep surfaced no qualifying case; 'LCI(L)-189'/'LCI 189' is a high-collision token (Magic: The Gathering card LCI-189; Lutheran hymn index). No law-firm or marketing source is cited in this record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - and the litigation-repository search is a genuine open gap (throttled, not run). The two NARA log spans (RG 24 lineage) are the next primary-source step; the Apr-Oct 1943 holdings gap covers her Sicily/Salerno operations. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-189-09