Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 810-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (thin sourcing)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- qualifier: VERIFIED (thin sourcing)
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-pkt-810-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-218 (10/15/150218) - identity, construction, campaign credits, lease/disposal milestones, spec block, photo captions; history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II (Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150218.htm - header block, campaign table, lease/disposal lines, specifications block, and photo captions (1015021704, 1015021802, 1015000914)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull (NavSource, from Turner Publishing's USS LCI Vol. II): LCI-1 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down in 1942 at George Lawley & Sons Corp., Neponset, MA; launched in 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-218 on 18 November 1942. Assigned to the Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater with credited campaigns: North African occupation - Tunisian operations 27 March - 9 July 1943; Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943; West Coast of Italy operations - Anzio-Nettuno advanced landing 22 January - 1 March 1944; Invasion of Normandy 6-25 June 1944. 'Decommissioned, and leased to the United Kingdom, 28 October 1944'; returned to US Naval custody 2 April 1947; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; five battle stars for WWII service; transferred to the State Department for disposal; sold 13 February 1948, fate unknown. Spec block: 236 t light / 264 landing / 419 loaded; 158'5.5" length; 23'3" beam; two sets of 4 General Motors 6051-series-71 diesels (4 per shaft), GM main reduction gears, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp; two diesel-driven 30 kW 120 V DC ship's-service generators; 16 kts max; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troops 6 officers + 182 enlisted; five single 20mm guns; call sign NBVD. Photo captions place her nested with LCI(L)-217, -219, and -215 in North Africa circa 1943; in the massed LCI(L) concentration at Bizerte, Tunisia, 6 July 1943 loading troops for the invasion of Sicily (US Army Signal Corps photo #176486, 'now in the collections of the US National Archives'); and at Pozzuoli Bay, Port of Nisida, February 1944 after the Anzio operations.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1942); USN crew (1942-44); embarked assault troops (to 182 enlisted + 6 officers); RN crew (1944-47)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled secondary record (Turner Publishing book history), not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track official sources and are consistent with the NARA log window and NAVPERS star list, but no laid-down or launched day is given ('in 1942' only), and the strike date is 'unknown.' Campaign-table dates are operation-level ranges; the official NAVPERS ship entry (ev-03) lists the hull's actual eligibility windows, including a second Sicily window NavSource's table does not display. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-01
-
[3]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) - LCI(L)' contract-build table, row 218 [other_primary]
- Locator
- lcil.htm row 218 (columns: type / variant flag / number / builder / location / delivery / disposition)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The contract-level build table files this hull: 'LCI(L) | 218 | Lawley & Sons | Neponset MA | 18-Nov-42 | To Britain 1942 [sic], returned 1947, sold 1948' - confirming the Lawley & Sons Neponset builder attribution and the 18 November 1942 delivery (same day as commissioning). Table context: 923 LCI(L)s were built by only ten shipyards to the New York Shipbuilding design; the Lawley block runs 209 onward (after the cancelled Federal Shipbuilding 197-208 contract), and hulls 209-220 largely went 'to Britain 1944' on the same lease pattern - the '1942' in this row is internally inconsistent with the hull's documented USN service through 28 October 1944 and reads as a misprint for 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Lawley & Sons Neponset construction trades (1942)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation by a specialist shipbuilding-data site derived from contract/delivery records - used here for builder, yard location, delivery date, and disposition sequence. The 'To Britain 1942' flag conflicts with NavSource's 28 October 1944 lease and the NARA log coverage to 29 October 1944; carried as a documented misprint in the row, not asserted. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-02
-
[4]Department of the Navy, Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, NAVPERS 15,790 (Rev. 1953), Part IV Section 2 (Area Campaign Medals and Operation/Engagement Stars WWII) - 'List of Ships and Units eligible for Engagement Stars' (HyperWar transcription) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Awards-IV-16.html - EAME operation-code table and 'LCI(L) 218' entry in the ships list
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official awards manual lists 'LCI(L) 218' by name among ships eligible for engagement stars, with operation codes and the hull's eligibility windows: E1-3 (North African occupation - Tunisian operations) 27 Mar 43 - 9 Jul 43; E2 (Sicilian occupation) 9 Jul 43 - 15 Jul 43 AND 28 Jul 43 - 17 Aug 43 (two windows); E3 (Salerno landings) 9 Sep 43 - 21 Sep 43; E4-1 (West Coast of Italy - Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings) 22 Jan 44 - 1 Mar 44; E5 (Invasion of Normandy) 6 Jun 44 - 25 Jun 44. One star per operation group: five stars total (E1, E2, E3, E4, E5), consistent with NavSource's five battle stars and the five EAME ribbon devices shown on the page.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1944
- Population
- Crew during 1943-44 Mediterranean and Normandy operations
- Limitations
- Official eligibility list, not an action report - it documents that the ship qualified for stars in named operations, not tactical detail. Two minor internal variances: the ship row's second E2 window opens 28 Jul 43 where the operation-code table prints 29 Jul-17 Aug 43 (one-day boundary difference), and NavSource's campaign table displays only the first Sicily window (9-15 Jul). Both carried verbatim; neither is material. NAVPERS is a 1953 revision transcribed by the HyperWar Foundation; no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-03
-
[5]National Archives, Special List #44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (ship-number edition) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, p. 22 - 'LCI(L)-218 11/18/1942 10/29/1944' row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's logbook inventory lists a single holdings span for LCI(L)-218: 11/18/1942 - 10/29/1944 (ship-number edition, PDF p. 22, verified by pdftotext). The window opens on the commissioning date and closes the day after the 28 October 1944 decommission/lease to the United Kingdom - covering the hull's entire USN commissioned period including the Tunisian, Sicily, Salerno, Anzio-Nettuno, and Normandy campaigns. This is unusually complete coverage for the type (siblings inventoried on the same page show fragmented spans). Logs for the HMS LCI(L)-218 period would be UK Admiralty records outside NARA custody.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-11-18 to 1944-10-29 (inventoried coverage)
- Population
- USN deck-log-keeping crew (Nov 1942 - Oct 1944)
- Limitations
- Inventory confirms existence/span of holdings, not content - the logs themselves were not reviewed, and deck logs do not document construction materials in any case. These are log-coverage dates, not asserted commissioning boundaries; the match of the start date to commissioning is corroborative but the log span is not itself a commissioning record. Whether the volumes are digitized in the National Archives Catalog could not be confirmed (catalog is JS-rendered; the public digitized-log index is name-indexed and lists no numbered landing craft).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-04
-
[6]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LCI(L)-218 (ship/21132) and HMS LCI(L)-218 (ship/21133), LCI 1 class - build dates, builder, RN commissioning, return to USN [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/21132 (USS) and ship/21133 (HMS) vessel data tables
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net entries for this hull: built by George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, Massachusetts; laid down 6 October 1942; launched 31 October 1942; commissioned (USN) 18 November 1942; end service 28 October 1944 - transferred to the Royal Navy the same day and commissioned as HMS LCI(L)-218 (RN entry, ship/21133); returned to the USN by the RN on 2 April 1947. This supplies the laid-down and launched dates that NavSource gives only as 'in 1942,' corroborates the builder, and matches the 28 October 1944 lease and 2 April 1947 return dates.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (Oct-Nov 1942 fitting window); RN crew (Oct 1944 - Apr 1947)
- Limitations
- Secondary database without displayed primary citations - the laid-down and launched dates rest on this source alone (verification partial). The USS entry also prints 'Ordered 3 Jun 1943,' which is internally impossible (after the 6 October 1942 laying-down) - treated as a data-entry defect and not carried. The RN page's 'Commissioned 28 Oct 1944' equals the lease date; whether that is a documented RN commissioning or an inferred same-day transfer is not established. No asbestos content; no operational history listed for the RN period.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-05
-
[7]U.S. Coast Guard, The Coast Guard at War, Vol. X: Sicily-Italy Landings (official history), Appendix B (Coast Guard-manned ships entitled to operation and engagement stars - Sicily-Italy area) (HyperWar transcription) [other_primary]
- Locator
- USCG-X-B.html (CG-manned ships entitled to stars, Sicily-Italy area); absence of LCI(L)-218 verified by full-text check 2026-09-29
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official USCG history's Appendix B lists the Coast Guard-manned LCI(L)s entitled to stars in the Sicily-Italy area (LCI(L)s 83-96 and 319-326, 349-350 - Flotillas 4 and 10). LCI(L)-218 is not on that list - consistent with Navy-crewed service within the documented theater (the 6 July 1943 Bizerte photograph shows her loading Army troops for Sicily alongside USN LCI(L)s), though the volume itself never names her.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1944
- Population
- LCI(L) crews at Sicily/Salerno (CG-manned Flotillas 4 and 10 documented; this hull not among them)
- Limitations
- Context only: the volume does not name this hull and does not document her individual operations. Absence from the Coast Guard-manned list is negative inference only - it does not itself prove crew service, and which USN LCI flotilla she belonged to is undocumented in the sources searched. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942) and both USN and RN service eras (1942-47).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches, confirmed 2026-09-29 - standing access gap also noted in batch-01, batch-98, and batch-4987 reports); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-07
-
[9]National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places record, USS LCI-713, NRHP 07000300 (listed 12 April 2007) [nps]
- Locator
- NPS NPGallery AssetDetail NRIS 07000300 - 'Architects: U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships; Lawley, George' fields (verified live, HTTP 200, 2026-09-29)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A Lawley-built sister of this type survives: LCI(L)-713 (George Lawley & Sons, Neponset MA, 1944) is listed on the National Register (NRHP 07000300, Astoria OR), with the NRIS record naming 'U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships' and 'Lawley, George' as architects/builders - corroborating Lawley as an LCI(L) builder. The nomination record documents a surviving wartime LCI hull of the same builder and design lineage.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-present (sister hull)
- Population
- None for this hull (sister-ship museum record)
- Limitations
- Sister-ship class documentation: LCI(L)-713 is a different, later hull (1944 LCI-351-series configuration), not this 1942 LCI-1-class boat, and the NPS record makes no asbestos assertion either way. Demonstrates only that a Lawley-built sister survives as a NRHP-listed vessel - not that original fabric or asbestos survives aboard any specific hull. No hull-specific inference for LCI(L)-218 is drawn.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-08
-
[10]Era inference built on: NavSource spec block (GM 6051-series-71 diesel plant, no steam); Shipbuilding History LCI(L) build table (1942 construction at Lawley & Sons, Neponset); GAO HRD-80-2 (Navy asbestos insulation era - see ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/lcil.htm row 218; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1942-built amphibious landing craft sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-insulation era (GAO HRD-80-2). Era-standard applications aboard a small diesel craft of this period were engine-exhaust and muffler lagging, machinery insulation in the engine room, gaskets and valve packing, and electrical/wiring insulation - within a 158-foot steel hull crewed by 28 and embarking up to 188 troops at assault capacity. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant, so the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; the relevant exposure geometry is the small, confined machinery space and the crew's continuous occupation of a compact hull.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1942); USN crew and embarked troops (1942-44); RN crew (1944-47); purchasers/breakers post-1948
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-218, and no industrial-health survey or other yard-level asbestos documentation exists for the builder (Lawley, Neponset) in the sources searched - inference rests on the era bracket alone, weaker than sibling records built at surveyed yards. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. The type's austere wartime design and small volume mean less installed insulation than a steam combatant - inference runs both ways.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-09
-
[11]Batch-5007 search ledger (this record): NavSource page; Shipbuilding History LCI(L) build table; uboat.net USS/HMS entries; NARA Special List 44 (verified p. 22); NAVPERS 15,790 engagement-star list; USCG Vol. X Appendix B; NPS NRHP 07000300; NARA digitized-log index; NHHC/DANFS check; NVR check; GAO (403-blocked); CourtListener opinion and docket searches (complete - all five variants, both indexes); ToxicDocs Lawley sweep; secondary web litigation sweep; usslci.org [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-16
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS LCI(L)-218 (or HMS LCI(L)-218) was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener was searched completely this session: zero opinion-index hits on all five hull-designation variants ('LCI(L)-218', 'LCI(L) 218', 'LCI-218', 'LCIL-218', 'LCI 218'), and the docket index returned zero on three variants plus one NAME COLLISION on 'LCI-218'/'LCI 218' - Castro v. Paragon Industries, Inc., 1:19-cv-00755-DAD-SKO (E.D. Cal., filed 2019-05-29), a Fair Labor Standards Act wage case whose complaint text contains 'LCI-218' as a non-vessel token; it is not maritime or asbestos litigation. A secondary web sweep surfaced no qualifying case and no law-firm content naming this hull; generic 'asbestos aboard LCIs' marketing material exists (mesowatch, navyshipexposure et al.) - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1942 construction inside the documented asbestos-insulation era makes era inference reasonable but unproven for this hull. The CourtListener coverage is a completed negative (both indexes, all variants run to conclusion against repeated fleet pacing stand-downs), distinguishable from a blocked repository. The NARA deck logs (Nov 1942 - Oct 1944, full USN span), Royal Navy service records (UK National Archives ADM series, Oct 1944 - Apr 1947), and any 1948 disposal documentation are the open primary-source leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-218-lcil218-10