Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
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[1]research packet 810-packet.md (3 sources cited) [museum_official]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (thin sourcing, build dates unlocated)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- qualifier: VERIFIED (thin sourcing, build dates unlocated)
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-pkt-810-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-219 (Amphibious Photo Archive 150219; history text credited to 'USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry", Vol. II', Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Amphibious Photo Archive page 10/15/150219.htm: spec block, campaign table, photo captions; URL verified live 200 OK on 2026-09-29
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LCI-1 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large): laid down in 1942 at George Lawley & Sons Corp., Neponset, MA; launched in 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-219, 20 November 1942. Assigned to the Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater: North African occupation (Tunisian operations, 27 March - 9 July 1943), Sicilian occupation (9-15 July and 28 July - 17 August 1943), west coast of Italy operations (Anzio-Nettuno advanced landing, 22 January 1944), invasion of Normandy (6-25 June 1944). Lost through enemy action 11 June 1944. Earned four battle stars for World War II service. Photo-caption history (credited to USS LCI Vol. II) adds: after landing troops on Utah Beach on D-Day she embarked the commander of LST Flotilla 10 to direct rhino ferries and barges, assisted USS LST-499 after it struck a mine 9 June, and on 10 June was ordered to Omaha Beach to bring back the 81st Seabee Battalion; at 03:45 on 11 June 1944 a German aerial bomb exploded close aboard, killing or wounding several crew and sinking her in the transport area.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- Crew: 4 officers, 24 enlisted (class spec); embarked troops up to 6 officers, 182 enlisted
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-maintained private archive, not a government publication; its dates agree with the ONRL oral history and the Lawley yard table, but day-level build milestones (laid down, launched) are given only as 'in 1942'. Caption casualty phrasing ('killing or wounding several') gives no count. Does not document asbestos in any respect.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-01
-
[3]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (comp. Claudia Bradley, Michael Kurtz, et al., Washington DC, 1978), Ships by Signal Number Designation, F-LCI(L) section, book page 334 (scan via Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Special List 44, Ships by Signal Number Designation, F-LCI(L) section, printed page 334 (ACPL display page 360; also p. 22 of the section PDF); row 'LCI(L)-219'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's deck-log inventory lists 2 logbooks for LCI(L)-219 covering 11/1/1943 to 3/30/1944 - i.e., the Salerno follow-on period through the Anzio-Nettuno campaign and the vessel's return to the UK. Verified verbatim from the scanned page: 'LCI(L)-219 Nov. 1, 1943-Mar. 30, 1944 2'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-11-01 to 1944-03-30
- Limitations
- An inventory entry, not the logs themselves: it establishes that deck logs for this coverage window exist in NARA custody (RG 24, College Park) but says nothing about their content, and the logs are not digitized in the National Archives Catalog's online deck-log list. The coverage ends 3/30/1944 - logs for April-June 1944 (Normandy period through the loss) are not in the inventory, consistent with logs going down with the ship. The ACPL viewer URL is the scan access point; the underlying publication is NARA Special List 44.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-02
-
[4]Office of Naval Records and Library oral-history interview, Lt. William E. Becker, USN, Engineering Officer of LCI(L)-219, recorded 5 August 1944 (HyperWar/ibiblio transcription of the NARA record); republished in U.S. Naval Institute, Naval History, vol. 28 no. 3 (June 2014), 'Lost to Enemy Action,' sourced to World War II Oral Histories Interviews and Statements, RG 38, Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, NARA, College Park [other_primary]
- Locator
- HyperWar transcription, full interview text; USNI republication https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2014/june/lost-enemy-action (verified live via firecrawl 2026-09-29)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- First-person officer account of the hull's full career: crew formed at Solomons, MD, October 1942; commissioned 20 November 1942 in Boston; shakedown at Norfolk; Atlantic crossing via Bermuda (21 days); Mostaganem 25 March 1943; Bizerte from May 1943; Sicily landings at Gela after departing Bizerte 5 July 1943; northern-Sicily end runs (Palermo/Milazzo) in late July; Salerno from ~12 September 1943 (D+3) for ~14 days as mother ship to LCMs; Anzio landing 22 January 1944 leading LCVPs/LCMs; first ship alongside HMS Spartan after its glider-bomb hit (~29 January 1944, ~95 men picked up); rescue of LST-348 survivors (Becker recalls ~78 men; uboat.net records 73 and dates the sinking 20 February 1944); March 1944 return to the UK via Bizerte (Cardiff ~2 weeks, then Plymouth); departed Plymouth 5 June 1944; landed Utah Beach 6 June on the 17th wave ~10:00; embarked LST Flotilla 10 commander for five days of ferry/barge duty through minefields; near-miss aerial bomb off Omaha Beach ~03:45 on 11 June 1944, fires uncontrollable with power lost, PC-1291 came alongside and put a fire-rescue party aboard, ship capsized about an hour and a half after the hit, and every man still alive was gotten off.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- Ship's company, incl. engineering department under LT Becker; survivors evacuated
- Limitations
- An oral-history recollection, not the ship's deck logs: dates and counts are the narrator's (e.g., he recalls the LST-348 rescue as 'about seven days' after the Spartan event and ~78 survivors; the documented LST-348 sinking date is 20 February 1944 and uboat.net carries 73 survivors). Contains no asbestos information. HyperWar/ibiblio is a transcription mirror of a NARA-held original; the USNI republication independently prints the same text and names the archival series.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-03
-
[5]Commander Assault Force 'O' (Commander Eleventh Amphibious Force), 'Amphibious Operations: Invasion of Northern France' (Cominch operational report, 1944), Chapter I casualty table (HyperWar/ibiblio transcription) [other_primary]
- Locator
- HyperWar Cominch report, Chapter I, table of vessels sunk/damaged 5-17 June 1944, row 'LCI(L) 219*'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official assault-force report's vessel loss/damage table records: 'LCI(L) 219 [*] | 11 June | Sunk | Bombed enroute Utah area' - the asterisk denoting 'NOT IN ASSAULT AREA'. This is the primary Navy record of the hull's loss: sunk by bombing on 11 June 1944 outside the assault area, consistent with the crew account placing her in the Omaha Beach transport area on a personnel-ferry tasking.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-06-11
- Limitations
- The row is terse by design - it records cause ('Bombed'), date, and disposition ('Sunk'), not circumstances or casualties. 'Enroute Utah area' reflects the report's framing, while crew narrative places her inside the Omaha transport area awaiting embarked personnel; the asterisk reconciles this (she was not part of the assault force proper). Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-04
-
[6]Navy Cross citation, Lieutenant Commander Albert Joseph Corsi, USNR, Commanding Officer of USS LCI(L)-219 (transcription hosted at NavSource) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 150219a.htm Navy Cross citation page; URL verified live 200 OK on 2026-09-29
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official award citation documents the loss circumstances: 'When his ship was riddled by explosions of an aerial bomb' off Normandy on 11 June 1944, Corsi - despite severe shrapnel wounds - attempted to beach the ship with the assistance of a submarine chaser, fought fires, aided removal of the wounded, ordered abandon ship only when capsize was imminent, and was the last to leave. The citation establishes that her commanding officer survived the sinking.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-06-11
- Population
- Commanding Officer; crew
- Limitations
- Award citation text as transcribed by NavSource; it documents heroism during the sinking, not asbestos conditions, casualty totals, or wreck disposition. It also resolves a conflict in secondary retellings that claim the captain was killed - the citation describes his survival.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-05
-
[7]Shipbuilding History (Tim Colton), 'George S. Lawley & Sons, Neponset MA' yard build table, Wayback Machine capture 2016-03-05 (live page removed from current site); corroborated live by Naval Marine Archive LCI(L) database page [other_primary]
- Locator
- Lawley yard table rows hull nos. 1239-1256 (LCI(L)-209 through -226); archived URL cited; live corroboration https://navalmarinearchive.com/sbh/smallships/lcil.html verified 200 OK 2026-09-29
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Lawley yard build table lists yard hull 1249 as 'LCI(L) 219', U.S. Navy landing craft, 216 GT, 158 ft, delivered Nov-42, disposition 'Sunk 1944' - independently confirming builder, delivery window, size, and loss. The same table shows the consecutive yard run 1239-1256 = LCI(L)-209 through LCI(L)-226. The Naval Marine Archive mirror page (live) gives 'LCI(L) 219 | Lawley & Sons | Neponset MA | 20-Nov-42 | Lost off Normandy 11-Jun-44' and class totals (923 LCI(L)s built by ten yards; first 350 boats 158.5 ft / 216 t light).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942; 1944
- Limitations
- Secondary shipbuilding-data compilations, not the contract or launch records themselves; delivery date here (Nov-42 / 20-Nov-42) corresponds to the commissioning date in Navy sources. The shipbuildinghistory.com page is no longer live - the Wayback capture is cited and labeled as an archived copy. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-06
-
[8]uboat.net, Allied Warships, 'USS LCI(L)-219 (LCI(L)-219)' vessel page [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/21134 data table and 'Notable events' list; URL verified live 200 OK on 2026-09-29
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Corroborating vessel data sheet: LCI-1 class, built by George Lawley & Sons (Neponset, MA), laid down 8 October 1942, launched 6 November 1942, commissioned 20 November 1942, lost 11 June 1944 ('lost off Normandy, France'). Notable event: '20 Feb 1944 - USS LCI(L)-219 (Lt. Albert J. Corsi, USNR) picks up 73 survivors of the American landing ship USS LST-348 that was torpedoed and sunk by German U-boat U-410 that day about 22 nautical miles southwest of Gaeta, Italy'.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Limitations
- Well-maintained specialist naval-history database but unofficial; it is the only source carrying day-level laid-down/launched dates (8 Oct / 6 Nov 1942), which remain uncorroborated, and its 'Ordered 3 Jun 1943' field is internally inconsistent (postdates launch) and is not used. The 73-survivor figure for the LST-348 rescue differs from the crew account's ~78 - neither is adjudicated here.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-07
-
[9]Naval Marine Archive (The Canadian Collection), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) - LCI(L)' database page - class design notes and per-hull table [other_primary]
- Locator
- Page header design notes + per-hull table row 219; URL verified live 200 OK 2026-09-29
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Class-design context for the LCI(L) type: 923 LCI(L)s built by ten shipyards to a common design; the first 350 boats (which include hull 219) were 158.5 ft and 216 tons light; variants included LC(FF), LCI(G), LCI(M) and LCI(R) conversions. Establishes that hull 219 was one of the first-design boats built en masse to the Lawley design shared across the ten construction yards.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (program)
- Limitations
- Design- and program-level background only; it does not document any material (asbestos or otherwise) fitted to this or any specific hull. Used as class context, not a hull finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-08
-
[10]Era inference built on: NavSource/Naval Marine Archive LCI(L)-1 class specifications (twin-screw GM diesel propulsion, no steam plant); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era context (separate row); standard WWII naval-vessel outfitting practice [other_primary]
- Locator
- Synthesis row; inputs cited in ev-01 (NavSource spec block), ev-08 (class design notes), ev-10 (GAO)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The vessel was a 158-ft diesel-powered landing craft of 1942 U.S. Navy construction - squarely inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era. With no steam plant, the characteristic asbestos pathways of larger combatants (boiler and steam-line lagging, turbine insulation) do not apply; the era-consistent applications for a diesel landing craft are machinery and exhaust insulation, engine-room gaskets and flange packing, valve and pump packing, electrical insulation, and insulation felts in accommodation spaces. Asbestos presence aboard this specific hull is an era-consistent inference, not a documented fact.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- Ship's company (4 officers, 24 enlisted class spec); embarked troops
- Limitations
- Inference only - no spec sheet, contract, survey, or crew account identifies any asbestos product aboard LCI(L)-219. LCIs were austere, mass-produced landing craft; the quantity and extent of any asbestos aboard would plausibly have been far below that of a steam-driven combatant. Does not establish quantity, exposure of any individual, or present-day condition of the wreck.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-09
-
[11]U.S. General Accounting Office, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure', HRD-80-2 (October 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- GAO program-level documentation that asbestos insulation was used extensively aboard Navy ships during and after World War II and that the Navy did not begin limiting asbestos exposure in its shipyards until the early 1970s - establishing that this vessel's 1942 construction falls inside the Navy's asbestos-use era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1940s-1970s
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program context)
- Limitations
- Program-level report; it does not name this hull, this class, or landing craft generally, and its fieldwork concerned shipyard workers, not crews. gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches (confirmed this session); the product-page description is the cited material, full text not pulled. Carried as era context only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-10
-
[12]Batch-5008 search ledger (this record): NavSource Amphibious Photo Archive; NARA Special List 44 (ACPL scan); HyperWar ONRL oral history and Cominch Normandy report; USNI Naval History; Lawley yard table (Wayback) + Naval Marine Archive; uboat.net; NHHC/DANFS index; NARA WWII War Diaries series; CourtListener; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming LCI(L)-219 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). A survey-grade record could not plausibly exist - the hull was sunk in action 11 June 1944, eighteen months after commissioning, and was never modernized, disposed of ashore, or salvaged in the record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1942 Navy construction norms make era-typical materials plausible. The litigation arm of this search is incomplete: CourtListener was rate-limited at session end (see search_ledger) and is logged as blocked, not as a negative result. This row does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-219-lcil219-11