Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet 404-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-pkt-404-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-28 page (history compiled from USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry', Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource archive page 10/15/150028 (ship entry, campaign table, and specifications block)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity, construction, and wartime record for this hull: laid down 4 October 1942 at New York Shipbuilding, Camden, N.J.; launched 26 October 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-28 on 29 December 1942; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater; credited campaigns - Eastern New Guinea (Lae occupation 4-6 Sep 1943; Finschhafen occupation 22 Sep 1943; Saidor occupation 2-3 Jan 1944), Bismarck Archipelago (Cape Gloucester, New Britain, 26-27 Dec 1943), Western New Guinea (Toem-Wakde-Sarmi area 17 May 1944; Biak Island 27 May-1 Jun 1944), Hollandia operation (21-25 Apr 1944), and Leyte landings (13 Oct-20 Nov 1944); five battle stars for WWII service; ribbons listed include American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (5), World War II Victory Medal, Philippines Presidential Unit Citation, and Philippines Liberation Medal (1). Decommissioned date unknown; struck from the Naval Register 12 March 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal; sold 12 December 1946, fate unknown.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Crew (4 officers, 24 enlisted) and embarked troops (up to 6 officers, 182 enlisted), 1942-1945
- Limitations
- NavSource is a compiled secondary reference (transcribing Turner Publishing's USS LCI volume and Navy records), not a contemporaneous log or Navy action report. Campaign credits and dates are official-list summaries; decommissioning date is not given. Contains no asbestos information whatsoever.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-01
-
[3]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII, USS LCI(L)-28 (LCI(L)-28) warship record and linked operation orders of battle (compiled from action reports) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Ship page plus 'Notable events' operation narratives (Operation Dexterity 26 Dec 1943; Reckless/Persecution 22 Apr 1944; Straightline 17 May 1944; Tradewind 15 Sep 1944), Task Unit 76.1.3 LCI Unit and Task Group 77.3.14 listings
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled order-of-battle records name this hull at specific operations beyond the official campaign-list summary: Operation Dexterity landings at Cape Gloucester (26 Dec 1943, Lt.(jg) E.A. Winton, USNR, commanding - the compiler notes she is not on the task-force organization form but was with the echelon); Operations Reckless and Persecution at Hollandia (22-24 Apr 1944, Lt.(jg) N. Molyneaux, USNR, commanding, with Commander LCI Flotilla Seven T/Cdr. H.F. McGee, USN, embarked - i.e., serving as an LCI Flotilla 7 flagship); Operation Straightline, Toem-Wakde-Sarmi area (17 May 1944); and Operation Tradewind, the Morotai landing (15 Sep 1944, Lt.(jg) W.T. Witt, USNR, commanding, COMLCIFLOT 7 again embarked). Morotai does not appear in the NavSource credited-campaign list for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1944
- Population
- Crew and embarked Army assault troops during 1943-44 operations
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a reputable privately compiled database drawing on wartime action reports and task-force organization documents; it is secondary, not a primary source, and the Morotai placement rests on its compiled task-group listings rather than the Navy's battle-star list. Officer names reflect point-in-time command, not full war tenure. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-02
-
[4]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (by ship number), p.31 [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, p.31, row 'LCI-28 | 2/6/1943 | 6/30/1945' (verified by pdftotext extraction of the live NARA PDF, 2026-09-29)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's Special List 44 inventory (by ship number, PDF page 31) lists Navy deck logs for LCI-28 covering 6 February 1943 through 30 June 1945 - in-scope wartime service documentation held in Record Group 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel logs), retrievable for this hull. These are log-coverage dates, not commissioning or decommissioning dates: they begin five weeks after the 29 December 1942 commissioning and end while the vessel remained in service (struck 12 March 1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (log coverage)
- Limitations
- The entry is an inventory record only - it establishes that NARA holds logbooks for this hull for the stated span, not their contents. The deck logs themselves were not opened for this record; commissioning-period (Dec 1942-Jan 1943) and post-June-1945 logs are outside this inventory listing. No asbestos or condition information is contained in the listing.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-03
-
[5]Library of Congress, Veterans History Project, Lloyd Wesley Melvin Collection, AFC/2001/001/81946 [other_primary]
- Locator
- LOC VHP item page, 'Veterans History Project Service Summary' block (verified live via page scrape, 2026-09-29)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Library of Congress Veterans History Project holds the Lloyd Wesley Melvin Collection (AFC/2001/001/81946), an oral-history/video collection for a U.S. Navy veteran (highest rank Petty Officer First Class, service 1942-1949) whose service units are listed as 'Flotilla 7; USS William M. Wood (DD 715); USS LCI-28 (Landing Craft Infantry),' with battles/campaigns listed as Okinawa, Guadalcanal, Philippines, and New Guinea. This independently corroborates this hull's LCI Flotilla 7 assignment and documents a named crew member of LCI-28.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1949
- Population
- Individual crew member (Melvin), 1940s
- Limitations
- Veterans History Project service summaries are self-reported veteran records; Melvin's listed campaigns span his full 1942-49 service across three units and cannot all be attributed to LCI-28 (e.g., Okinawa is not among this hull's five credited battle-star campaigns). The collection was not reviewed for content beyond the cataloged service summary. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-04
-
[6]Library of Congress, Historic American Engineering Record HAER AK-52, M/V Husky II (USS LCI(L) 653) - LCI(L) 351-class written history and documentation [haer]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 written history, 'LCIs in World War II' section (pp. 8-10) and principal-dimensions/propulsion block (p. 1); NavSource specifications block for this hull's engine fit
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- LCI(L)s were diesel-powered landing craft of a utilitarian wartime Bureau of Ships design (designed May 1942; over 900 built by ten yards; 158.5 ft, twin-screw). This hull's propulsion was two banks of four General Motors/Detroit Diesel 6-71 'Quad' engines, four engines per shaft (2,320 shp) - an all-diesel plant with no boilers or steam system, so the asbestos-relevant applications aboard are the era-standard diesel-craft items: engine exhaust and muffler lagging, thermal/acoustic insulation in the engine room and accommodations, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Construction trades (Camden NJ, 1942); wartime crew in confined engine-room and accommodation spaces
- Limitations
- Class/design inference only - HAER AK-52 documents a sister craft (LCI(L) 653, later class) and the LCI(L) design generally; it does not name this hull and does not itself assert asbestos content. No ship-specific material list exists for this hull; asbestos presence aboard is era- and design-level inference, not ship-proven. Does not establish quantity, products installed, or present-day presence (hull fate unknown since 1946).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-05
-
[7]Ross v. Johns-Manville Corp., 766 F.2d 823 (3d Cir. 1985), No. 84-1528 (Public.Resource.Org mirror of the published reporter text) [court_record]
- Locator
- 766 F.2d 823 at 825-826 (paragraph I, 'essential facts are not in dispute')
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- A published Third Circuit opinion records as undisputed background that shipfitter Urban F. Ross 'worked as a shipfitter for the New York Shipbuilding Company in Camden, New Jersey, from 1942 to 1944 and from 1946 to 1947 ... [and] in each of these positions, Ross was exposed to asbestos products.' The 1942-44 window covers this hull's construction at the same Camden yard (laid down 4 Oct 1942 - delivered 29 Dec 1942). The appeal itself resolved a statute-of-limitations/accrual issue, not product identification.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947 (exposure window); 1985 (opinion)
- Population
- New York Shipbuilding yard workforce (shipfitter trade), 1942-1947 window
- Limitations
- Yard-level, not hull-level: the opinion documents asbestos exposure of a New York Shipbuilding shipfitter in the yard during this hull's build window; it does not name LCI(L)-28, does not tie materials to any vessel, and its merits ruling concerns limitations accrual (summary-judgment posture). Mirrored reporter text verified live 2026-09-29; blocklisted aggregators not cited.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's construction (1942) and entire service era (1942-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull or even this craft type (HRD-80-2 concerns larger Navy vessels and shipyards). Full text not retrieved - gao.gov blocks automated fetch (HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-29); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-07
-
[9]Batch-5034 search ledger (this record): NavSource hull page; NARA Special List 44; NHHC/DANFS index; CourtListener API v4 opinion and RECAP docket searches; Library of Congress Veterans History Project; shipbuildinghistory (Colton) LCI(L) production table; uboat.net order of battle; banned-source web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum record, or docketed asbestos case naming LCI-28 / LCI(L)-28 was found in the sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion searches for '"LCI(L)-28"', '"LCI-28"', and '"LCI" asbestos landing craft' each returned zero results; the docket search returned a single unrelated name collision (Dye v. Meta Platforms, Inc., E.D.N.C. 5:23-cv-00509). No individual DANFS entry exists for this numbered landing craft.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - as a 1942 combat-built landing craft the hull sits inside the documented Navy asbestos era. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present, and does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. The vessel was sold in 1946 with fate unknown, so no modern survey can exist unless the hull is identified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-28-lcil28-08