Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet 404-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-pkt-404-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-3 - construction, commissioning, campaign credits, lease/disposal timeline, specifications, photographic record (history text credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry', Vol. II, Turner Publishing Co., 1995, ISBN 1-56311-262-0) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150003.htm - header block, campaign table, specifications block, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down July 1942 at New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, N.J.; launched September 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-3, 9 October 1942. Assigned to the Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater, LCI Flotilla Two. Campaign credits (five battle stars): North African occupation / Tunisian operations 27 March - 9 July 1943; Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943; Anzio-Nettuno advanced landing 22 January - 1 March 1944; Invasion of Normandy 6-25 June 1944. Decommissioned and leased to the United Kingdom 19 October 1944; returned to U.S. Navy custody 14 March 1946; struck from the Naval Register 17 April 1946; disposed of by the U.S. State Department 14 June 1947, fate unknown. Awards: American Campaign Medal, Europe-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal (5), World War II Victory Medal. Photographic record places this hull massed at Bizerte, Tunisia, 6 July 1943 loading for Sicily (U.S. Army Signal Corps photo #176486, in NARA collections) and loading troops for Normandy in a British port circa 4-5 June 1944 alongside LCI(L)-4 and LCI(L)-5 (Robert Morrissey photo).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- NYSB construction trades (1942); USN crew (1942-44); embarked Army troops on five assault landings; RN crew under lease (1944-46)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation whose milestone dates generally track NVR/DANFS; its narrative here is credited to a 1995 Turner Publishing unit-history volume, not independently verifiable online. Secondary sources conflict on commissioning day (uboat.net carries 7 Oct), RN return (14 Mar 1946 vs 14 Jun 1947), and State Dept disposal year (1947 vs 1948) - see gaps. Contains no asbestos or material content. Specifications (236 t light / 419 t loaded; 158'5.5"; GM 6-71-series diesels) are LCI-1-class figures.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-01
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[3]NARA, Special List #44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (by ship number), RG 24 Entry 118, NARA College Park [other_primary]
- Locator
- Special List #44 (by ship number), PDF page 22, row 'LCI(L)-3 10/9/1942 10/19/1944'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's deck-log inventory lists logbooks for LCI(L)-3 covering 10/9/1942 to 10/19/1944 - a coverage window that brackets her entire U.S. Navy commissioned period exactly, from the commissioning date (9 Oct 1942) through the day of decommissioning and lease to the United Kingdom (19 Oct 1944). These logs are the authoritative primary source for her five assault landings, repairs, casualties, and any recorded shipboard conditions, and remain physical records in RG 24 Entry 118 at NARA College Park.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-10-09 to 1944-10-19 (log coverage)
- Population
- USN crew and embarked troops, Oct 1942 - Oct 1944
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the inventory proves logbooks exist and fixes their coverage dates, but the logs themselves are not digitized (NARA's VA-partnership digitization has prioritized Vietnam-era deck logs; no LCI(L)-3 logs appear in the online deck-log list). Coverage dates are log-inventory dates, not asserted commissioning/decommissioning dates - though here both endpoints coincide with them. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-02
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[4]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII - USS LCI(L)-3 (USN page, ship 20815) and HMS LCI(L)-3 (RN page, ship 20816), LCI 1 class [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship pages 20815 (USN) and 20816 (RN), warship-data table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Secondary research compilation corroborating this hull's identity and Royal Navy lease: built by New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, N.J.; ordered 3 June 1942; laid down 27 July 1942; launched 7 September 1942; commissioned 7 October 1942 (conflicts - see limitations); transferred to the Royal Navy 19 October 1944 and commissioned as HMS LCI(L)-3 the same day; 'Returned to the USN by the RN on 14 June 1947' (conflicts - see limitations).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- USN crew (1942-44); RN crew (1944-46/47)
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a secondary research compilation (Helgason), not a primary registry. Two dates conflict with the carried sequence: commissioning shows 7 Oct 1942 vs NavSource/shipbuildinghistory/NARA-log-start 9 Oct 1942; and the 'returned to USN 14 Jun 1947' date coincides with NavSource's State Department disposal date (NavSource carries return to USN custody 14 Mar 1946, stricken 17 Apr 1946) - probable conflation of custody return with final disposal. Precise laid-down/launched days (27 Jul / 7 Sep) rest on this secondary source alone; NavSource gives months only. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-03
-
[5]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) - LCI(L)' build table, U.S. Navy small craft section [other_primary]
- Locator
- LCI(L) build table, rows LCI(L)-1 through LCI(L)-48 (New York SB block); LCI(L)-3 row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Build-allocation corroboration: the table places LCI(L)-3 at New York Shipbuilding, Camden NJ, delivered/commissioned 9 October 1942, with the disposition line 'to Britain 1944, returned 1946, to DoS 1948.' The same table establishes that the first LCI(L) block - hulls 1 through 48, including this one - was the New York Shipbuilding Camden contract, and that 923 LCI(L)s were built in total by ten yards.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- NYSB construction trades (1942)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation; 'Delivered' column aligns with commissioning for this row. Terminal disposition year conflicts: 'to DoS 1948' here vs NavSource 'disposed of by the US State Department, 14 June 1947' - carried to gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-04
-
[6]Era inference built on: NavSource LCI-1-class specification block (GM 6-71-series diesel plant, twin variable-pitch propellers, diesel-driven ship's-service generators); HAER OR-180 LCI(L) type documentation (welded-steel construction, engine-room layout); shipyard-exposure-map documented asbestos product list for New York Shipbuilding, Camden (see ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-06); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era coverage (see ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specification block; HAER OR-180; shipyards.json new-york-shipbuilding product list; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered LCI-1-class landing craft built in mid-1942 at New York Shipbuilding sits inside that yard's documented asbestos-use era and the Navy's documented asbestos-shipbuilding era. Era-standard applications aboard a small diesel combatant of this type and period were exhaust and muffler lagging on the eight GM 6-71-series engines, engine-room thermal and acoustic insulation, gaskets and valve packing on fuel, cooling, and hydraulic systems, and electrical wire insulation. As a diesel craft she carried no boilers or steam lines - the boiler/steam-line lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; the exposure-relevant volume is the confined engine room and crew spaces of a 158-foot welded-steel hull.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- NYSB construction trades (1942); USN engine-room and deck crew (1942-44); embarked troops; RN crew (1944-46); unknown post-disposal users/scrappers
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-3. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-05
-
[7]shipyard-exposure-map shipyards.json, yard_id new-york-shipbuilding - documented asbestos products and occupational-disease findings for the builder yard, citing PMIDs 7342758 (approximately 86% asbestosis in ship repair workers) and PMC6280925 (electricians' mesothelioma risk ~16x general population) plus USMC/FMC and Navy safety documents [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipyard-exposure-map/client/src/data/shipyards.json, yard_id new-york-shipbuilding (evidence ev-new-york-shipbuilding-05/-07/-08 and product list)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Yard-level documentation for this hull's builder: the Atlas shipyards record for New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden carries a documented asbestos product list (Pabco Six-Ply Super Caltemp Block 15% chrysotile; Ehret 85% magnesia insulation; Bakelite panels 30-40% asbestos; circuit-breaker arc chutes 36% chrysotile; Johns-Manville Transite asbestos-cement panels 10-30%; asbestos gaskets and packing; asbestos-coated welding rods 5-15%; ebonized asbestos lumber; wire insulation 75-85% chrysotile; felt insulation 5-50%) and verified cohort findings: approximately 86% of studied ship repair workers developed asbestosis (PMID 7342758) and yard electricians showed mesothelioma risk roughly 16 times the general population (PMC6280925). WWII peak employment ~30,000.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942 (build); study windows vary by cited PMID
- Population
- NYSB construction and repair trades, WWII-era peak ~30,000
- Limitations
- Yard-level, not a hull record: documents that New York Shipbuilding used asbestos products and that its workers suffered documented asbestos disease - LCI(L)-3 is not named in any cited study, and no product is established aboard this specific hull. Does not establish individual exposure, quantity, or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-06
-
[8]Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. OR-180, LCI(L)-713, Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum, Portland, OR - Library of Congress short-form documentation of the LCI(L) type [haer]
- Locator
- HAER OR-180, or0606data.pdf, pp. 1-2 (principal measurements, construction, description)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official HAER documentation of the LCI(L) type through the last surviving original-configuration example: LCI(L)-713 (LCI-351 class), welded 1/4-inch steel plate construction, engine room containing four pairs of General Motors 6-71 diesel engines on two shafts with variable-pitch propellers, lower-deck troop compartments and crew space, deckhouse accommodations. Establishes the type's construction and machinery arrangement that this hull shares in earlier (LCI-1-class, square-conning-tower, side-ramp) form.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- documentation of 1944-built survivor
- Population
- n/a - design documentation
- Limitations
- Class design documentation, not a hull record: LCI(L)-713 is the later LCI-351 subclass (round conning tower, centerline ramp, built after 1 June 1944); LCI(L)-3 is the earlier LCI-1-class (square conn, twin side ramps). The HAER text contains no asbestos or material-content finding - it documents design and fabric, not hazardous materials.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942) and U.S. service era (1942-44) as well as her RN lease period.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-29) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-08
-
[10]Batch-5036 search ledger (this record): NavSource page; NARA Special List 44; NHHC DANFS + NMUSN photo index; NARA digitized deck-log list and catalog; shipbuildinghistory LCI(L) table; uboat.net USN/RN pages; LOC HAER OR-180; GAO HRD-80-2; CourtListener (blocked); secondary web litigation sweep; AFMM/USS-LCI-Association sites [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-01 through -13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum record, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-3 / HMS LCI(L)-3 was found in the public sources searched. The hull has no DANFS entry (NHHC 404; NHHC covers only select numbered LCIs) and no dedicated NHHC photo page. CAVEAT: CourtListener could not be queried this session - the authenticated helper reported the fleet-wide request budget momentarily spent (paced ~114/hr shared); logged as blocked in search_ledger, not as a negative result. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case; the only 'asbestos aboard' material is law-firm marketing content (asbestos-ships.com landing-craft page, gorilaw.com, bellucklaw.com, mesotheliomaveterans.org) asserting asbestos without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - and the litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (paced, not run). NARA SL44 deck logs (1942-44) are physical-only undigitized records that remain the deepest open primary lead. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-3-lcil3-09