Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
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[1]research packet 405-packet.md (6 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LCI(L)-319 — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Navy_Landing_Craft_Infantry
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-pkt-405-packet-md
-
[2]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, 'USS LCI(L)-319' asset page (citing LCI(L) file, Coast Guard Historian's Office, and The Coast Guard At War V, Transports and Escorts Vol. 2, pp. 117-130) [museum_official]
- Locator
- USCG Historian's Office asset page, spec block and 'History: Flotilla 4 / 10 / 35, Group 104, Division 207' narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Ship-specific record for this hull: Coast Guard-manned USS LCI(L)-319, built at the Brown Shipyard (page prints Galveston, Texas - see ev-10 correction), commissioned 3 February 1943. After shakedown and training at Solomons Island, MD, assigned to LCI(L) Flotilla 4; sailed for Bermuda and North Africa April 1943, arriving French Morocco 29 April, then Lake Bizerte, Tunisia. Sicily: hit the beach before dawn 10 July 1943, returned to Bizerte for more troops, no casualties. Salerno: sailed 6 September, hit the beach early 9 September 1943, operated as salvage ship under heavy enemy fire; strafed 11 September - five wounded, one killed. Sailed for Falmouth, England 15 October 1943 (flotilla now redesignated Flotilla 10), trained at Dartmouth, sailed 5 June 1944 for Utah Beach arriving early 6 June; unloaded offshore by LCM, then served as salvage and fire-fighting ready ship; night of 10 June towed two ammunition barges out of mined waters in a storm (CO later received Bronze Star); 20 June stern anchor parted in heavy storm and she collided with another LCI(L), holing troop compartment two and the engine room - shored up and stayed afloat; 15 days in dry-dock in France; July 1 - October 1, 1944 navigation guide for LCTs crossing the Channel. Sailed 5 October 1944 for Charleston, SC, routed to Savannah, GA, for extensive overhaul and repair 28 October - 12 December 1944; Charleston to 21 December; Norfolk; Solomons Island training (Flotilla 35); sailed Norfolk 7 January 1945 via Key West, Coco Solo, Canal Zone to San Diego arriving 31 January; training to 20 April; sailed for Pearl Harbor; 6 May - 12 December 1945 transportation duties ferrying passengers among the islands of Eniwetok Atoll. Arrived Long Beach 6 February 1946; decommissioned 26 March 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission 3 May 1948 for disposal. Earned four battle stars; all Flotilla 10 LCI(L)s retroactively awarded the Coast Guard Unit Commendation for Normandy. Spec block: length 158'6" oa; beam 23'3"; displacement 216t light / 234t beaching / 389t full load; propulsion 8 x GM diesels, twin shafts (4 per shaft), 1,600 hp, twin variable-pitch propellers; complement 3 officers, 21 enlisted; troops 188; cargo 75 tons; armament 4 x 20mm single mounts + 2 x .50 cal; 2" plastic splinter armor. Commanding officers listed: LTJG Francis X. Riley, LT W. A. Blum, LTJG Whitfield Connor, LTJG E. E. Eckenbeck.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- USCG officers and enlisted crew (1943-1946); embarked troops (up to 188); construction trades at the builder yard (1942-43)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific service history from the official USCG historian - the strongest single source located for this hull. Contains no asbestos or material-content information. The builder city printed on this page ('Galveston') conflicts with NavSource, uboat.net, and the official USCG war history ('Orange and Houston') - Houston carried (see ev-10 and gaps).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-319 (10/15/150319) - build/milestone timeline, theater assignments, campaign table, awards, spec block, commanding-officer list, photo record [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150319.htm - header block, awards/campaigns, theater assignments, spec block, CO table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: LCI-1 Class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 21 December 1942 at Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, TX; launched 17 January 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-319, 3 February 1943, LTjg. Francis X. Riley, USCG in command. 'USS LCI(L)-319 was manned by the US Coast Guard.' EAME theater assignment: LCI Flotillas Four, Thirty-Five, Ten (at Normandy), CAPT. M. E. Imlay USCG; LCI Group 104; LCI Division 207. Campaigns tabulated: Tunisian operations 1 June - 9 July 1943; Sicilian occupation 9 - 15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9 - 21 September 1943; Invasion of Normandy 6 - 25 June 1944 (after landing, served as salvage vessel and navigation guide). Departed Falmouth 5 October 1944 for overhaul and refresher training; reassigned to Asiatic-Pacific Theater as LCI Flotilla 35 (flagship) CDR. H. J. Huensch USCG, Group 104, LCDR. W. B. Harbeson USCG, Division 207; departed San Diego 20 April 1945 for Eniwetok Atoll, arriving 6 May 1945, transportation services. Decommissioned 26 March 1946 at Long Beach, CA; struck from the Naval Register 17 April 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission 3 May 1948 for disposal. 'Earned four battle stars for World War II service.' Awards ribbon board: Combat Action Ribbon (11SEP43 and 6JUN44), Coast Guard Unit Commendation, American Campaign Medal, EAME Campaign Medal (4 stars), Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, WWII Victory Medal; Bronze Star (CO, LTjg Riley - securing an ammo-laden unmanned barge from the troop landing zones, 6 June 1944, Normandy); Purple Hearts (5 wounded, 1 KIA, 11 September 1943). Spec block lists: displacement 236t light / 264t landing / 419t loaded; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troops 6 officers + 182 enlisted; propulsion two sets of 4 GM 6051-series-71 diesels (4 per shaft), single GM main reduction gears, two diesel-drive 30kW 120V DC ship's service generators, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp; armament five single 20mm. CO list: LTjg Francis X. Riley USCG 3 Feb 1943 - 1 Dec 1944; LT J. A. Blum USCG 1 Dec 1944 - 22 Sep 1945; LTjg Whitfield Connor USCG 22 Sep 1945 - 26 Mar 1946; LTjg E. E. Eckenbeck USCG 26 Mar 1946. Photos include the craft towing a barrage balloon en route to Normandy (USCG Historian's Office collection) and underway in the English Channel spring 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- USCG crew (1943-1946); builder-yard trades (1942-43); disposal workforce post-1948
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track NVR/DANFS-era sources. Its spec block differs from the USCG Historian's Office and the wartime ONI-226 manual for the LCI(L) 1-350 group (which contains this hull) on complement (4+24 vs 3+21), horsepower (2,320 vs 1,600 bhp), displacement figures, and armament (five vs four 20mm) - NavSource appears to carry the later-model spec; see gaps. 'Flotilla Thirty-Five (flagship)' formatting implies flagship service in 1945; not independently confirmed. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-02
-
[4]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, 'U.S. Coast Guard-Manned LCI(L)s - Landing Craft Infantry (Large)' (flotilla program page; lists LCI(L)-319 among the 28 Coast Guard-manned hulls) [museum_official]
- Locator
- USCG Historian's Office, D-Day/Normandy topic page - narrative and 'List of LCI(L)s' (includes LCI(L)-319 link)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official USCG flotilla context naming this hull: under a Coast Guard Commandant / CNO agreement beginning 1943, the Coast Guard supplied officers and crews for Navy LCI(L)s; the vessels remained commissioned US Navy ships. Twenty-eight LCI(L)s were Coast Guard-manned; 24 formed a single flotilla commanded by a Coast Guard officer - first designated Flotilla 4 (Sicily, Salerno), redesignated Flotilla 10 for Operation Overlord (reinforced by 12 Navy-manned LCIs, divided evenly between Omaha and Utah beaches; four LCI(L)s destroyed at Omaha). Surviving craft served Channel duties, returned to the U.S., were remanned and redesignated Flotilla 35, and deployed to the Pacific; 'All were decommissioned in March 1946.' The page's list of Coast Guard-manned LCI(L)s includes LCI(L)-319.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- USCG-manned LCI(L) crews - 28 hulls
- Limitations
- Program/flotilla-level documentation that happens to name this hull in its vessel list - establishes CG-manned status and flotilla lineage for LCI(L)-319, consistent with the hull-specific page (ev-01). No asbestos content. Individual-hull movements are documented on the hull's own asset page, not here.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-03
-
[5]United States Coast Guard, The Coast Guard at War - V. Transports and Escorts (Historical Section, USCG Headquarters), HyperWar/ibiblio transcription - 'Landing Craft, Infantry, Large) LCI(L)' section [other_primary]
- Locator
- HyperWar USCG V1-Escorts index - 'LANDING CRAFT' / 'LANDING CRAFT, INFANTRY, LARGE) LCI(L)' section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official Coast Guard war history documents the LCI(L) manning program: on 14 January 1943 the Coast Guard was directed to man LCI(L)-type vessels - a 'bob-tail' flotilla of 24 vessels plus flotilla and group staffs (84 officers, 661 men), four more manned January 1945. 'These ships were built at Orange and Houston, Texas, where they were manned by Coast Guard personnel upon commissioning' - corroborating a Houston builder location for this hull's flotilla. Established as Flotilla U, Groups 10 and 11 (later Flotilla 10, Groups 29 and 30) under 11th PHIB, assigned CINCLANT 8 February 1943; commanded by Captain Miles Imlay, USCG; distinguished in Mediterranean operations and the invasions of France; returned for yard availability, fleet reassignment and remanning; assigned to the Pacific as Flotilla 35, Groups 103 and 104.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- USCG manning program - 84 officers, 661 enlisted originally assigned
- Limitations
- Official service history at program level - does not name LCI(L)-319 in this passage; the hull's flotilla membership is established by ev-01/ev-03. Corroborates builder geography (Houston, not Galveston) and the Flotilla 4/10/35 lineage. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-04
-
[6]NARA Special List 44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (by ship number), RG 24 Entry 118 (NAID 581208) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 15, row 'LC1(L)-319 2/3/1943 6/30/1945' (verified by pdftotext -layout extraction 2026-09-29)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's logbook inventory lists this hull as 'LC1(L)-319' with Navy deck-log coverage 2/3/1943 to 6/30/1945 (PDF page 15 of the ship-number edition) - matching her 3 February 1943 commissioning and covering in-scope wartime service through June 1945 (Sicily, Salerno, Normandy, overhaul, transit to the Pacific). These are log-coverage dates, not asserted commissioning/decommissioning dates.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-02-03 to 1945-06-30 (listed coverage)
- Population
- Crew and embarked personnel recorded in logs (1943-45)
- Limitations
- Archival lead, not a content record: the inventory establishes that deck logs exist in RG 24 Entry 118 for this span, not what they contain. Listed coverage ends 30 June 1945 - before decommissioning; logs for July 1945 - March 1946 (Eniwetok service, return, decommissioning) are outside the SL44 span and their custody was not verified. The hull's logs are not among NARA's digitized catalog holdings (see search_ledger). The 'LC1(L)' spelling is the list's own typographic variant of LCI(L).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-05
-
[7]Office of Naval Intelligence, ONI-226 Allied Landing Craft and Ships (wartime recognition/design manual), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) - Numbers 1-350' plate (HyperWar/ibiblio PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- ONI-226 PDF, 'LANDING CRAFT, INFANTRY (LARGE) - Numbers 1-350' plate (and Nos. 351- plate for comparison)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Wartime Navy documentation for the design group containing this hull (No. 319 falls in Nos. 1-350): ocean-going infantry carrier for direct beach unloading with troops accommodated up to a practical 48 hours; length 158'5.5" oa, beam 23'3"; displacement light 216t / landing 234t / loaded 380t; capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted troops or 75 tons cargo; speed 16 kts max loaded, 14 kts continuous; endurance 4,000 miles at 12 kts; armament four 20mm; armor 2" plastic splinter protection on guns, conning tower and pilothouse sides; propulsion 2 sets of GM diesels, max 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch screws; fuel 130 tons oil; crew 3 officers + 21 men. A separate plate covers Nos. 351+ (later model: 4 officers/24 crew, five 20mm, revised arrangement) - matching the spec block NavSource prints.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (manual era)
- Population
- Class-level: LCI(L) crews and embarked troops, early-model hulls
- Limitations
- Class-design documentation, not a hull record - establishes which spec applies to the 1-350 group containing this hull (early model: 3 officers/21 crew, 1,600 bhp, four 20mm), resolving the NavSource spec block as later-model data. No materials or asbestos content is described.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-06
-
[8]Naval History and Heritage Command / National Museum of the U.S. Navy, 'Landing Craft Infantry (Large)-10 (USS LCI(L)-10)' photography page (class description; Bureau of Ships photographs from NARA collections) [museum_official]
- Locator
- NHHC museum photography page, class-description paragraph
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC class description: 'Navy-designed (LCI) craft were launched by the hundreds. On the first version soldiers debarked by means of catwalks and ramps, but the later ones eliminated the ramps and used bow doors instead. The same hull was modified into mortar, gunboat and rocket versions to give direct fire support for amphibious assaults; others were altered for use as landing craft flotilla flagships. The 157 foot craft could make speeds up to 14 knots, had a crew of 24 officers and men, and four 20mm guns for armament.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Class-level
- Limitations
- Class background only - describes the LCI(L) type generally, does not name or document hull 319, and contains no materials/asbestos content. Confirms the type's small diesel landing-craft configuration and that flagships and fire-support conversions existed on the same hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-07
-
[9]Era inference built on: ONI-226 design plate (diesel propulsion, welded-steel landing craft); USCG Historian spec block (8 x GM diesels); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era documentation (ev-09) [other_primary]
- Locator
- ONI-226 LCI(L) 1-350 plate; USCG Historian spec block; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A welded-steel, diesel-powered landing craft built December 1942 - January 1943 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era. Era-typical applications aboard a small diesel landing craft of this type: thermal insulation and exhaust lagging in the machinery space; gaskets and valve packing on piping and engine systems; electrical insulation; deck and compartment coverings/coatings. As a diesel craft with no steam plant, the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply, and total insulation scope aboard a 158-foot landing craft was far smaller than aboard a combatant steam vessel.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Builder-yard construction trades (1942-43); USCG crew, especially engine-room/machinery ratings (1943-46); overhaul workforce at Savannah (Oct-Dec 1944); disposal workforce post-1948
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, survey, or work package located for LCI(L)-319. Names era-standard application types for the craft type and period, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942-43) and service era (1943-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-29) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-09
-
[11]Builder-city cross-check: NavSource 10/15/150319 ('Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, TX'); uboat.net warship entry ('Brown Shipbuilding Company (Houston, Texas, U.S.A.)'); official USCG war history ('These ships were built at Orange and Houston, Texas' - all Coast Guard-manned LCI(L)s); vs USCG Historian's Office asset page for this hull ('Brown Shipbuilding Company, Galveston, Texas') [other_primary]
- Locator
- USCG asset page builder line vs NavSource header block, uboat.net entry, and HyperWar CG-at-War V1-Escorts LCI(L) section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION: the official USCG Historian's Office asset page for this hull prints the builder city as 'Galveston, Texas.' Three sources - NavSource, uboat.net, and the official Coast Guard war history's statement that the Coast Guard-manned LCI(L)s 'were built at Orange and Houston, Texas' - place Brown Shipbuilding Co. in Houston. Brown Shipbuilding's yard on the Houston Ship Channel is the documented LCI(L) builder for this hull group. 'Houston, TX' is carried in this record; 'Galveston' is treated as a single-source error on the USCG asset page.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1943
- Limitations
- Corrects an official-page geographic error; the USCG page is otherwise the strongest source for this hull's history. The correction is source-count and program-level (CG-at-War covers the flotilla's build geography), not an independent shipyard record. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-10
-
[12]Batch-5039 search ledger (this record): USCG Historian's Office hull page and flotilla program page; NavSource 10/15/150319; NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF; NARA digitized-logs index; NHHC DANFS candidate URLs and site search; NHHC/NMUSN LCI(L)-10 class page; NVR ship-detail check; ONI-226 PDF; GAO HRD-80-2 product page; CourtListener (blocked - fleet pacing); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-319 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion search returned zero hits for 'LCI(L)-319' and 'LCIL-319'; the 'LCI-319' spelling and the RECAP docket search could not be run - the shared fleet request budget was spent (paced ~114/hr) before those attempts; logged as partial/blocked in search_ledger. Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing listicles asserting asbestos aboard without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the docket-level litigation search is a genuine open gap (paced, not completed). Deck logs (RG 24/118, 1943-45) and any Maritime Commission disposal file are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-319-lcil319-11