Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet 406-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-328-lcil328-pkt-406-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-328 (10/15/150328) - construction, milestones, flotilla assignments, campaign table, specifications, disposition (stated source: USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry", Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150328.htm - timeline block, Asiatic-Pacific campaign table, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LCI(L)-1 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 27 July 1942 at Brown Shipbuilding Corp., Houston, TX; launched 12 September 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-328, 31 October 1942; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater. For the New Georgia campaign under Landing Force Flotillas-SoPacFor, LCI Flotilla Five, LCI Group Fourteen; for the Western New Guinea campaign under LCI Flotilla Twenty Two (1944-45), CDR. Paul McD Smith, USN (1944) and CDR. Marion M. Byrd (1944-45). Campaigns: New Georgia-Rendova-Vangunu occupation, 4 July 1943; Treasury Island landings, 1 November 1943; Morotai landings, 15 September 1944. Post-war reassigned to Commander Service Force, Pacific; decommissioned (date unknown); struck from the Naval Register 5 June 1946; earned three battle stars; final disposition "sold, 10 November 1945, fate unknown". Spec block: displacement 236 t. light / 264 t. landing / 419 t. loaded; length 158' 5.5"; beam 23' 3"; speed 16 kt max / 14 kt continuous; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted; cargo 75 tons; armor 2" plastic splinter protection on gun turrets, conning tower, and pilot house; armament five single 20mm guns (some LCIs added two .50 cal); propulsion two sets of 4 General Motors 6051-series-71 diesel engines (4 per shaft), single GM main reduction gears, two 30kW 120V DC ship's-service generators, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); crew (1942-46); embarked troops (operational)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation - its stated source for this page is the 1995 Turner Publishing USS LCI history, not a primary registry; the sold-year (1945) conflicts with uboat.net and Naval Marine Archive (1946) - carried as a gap, not resolved. Live page verified on navsource.NET (navsource.ORG is dead). Complement and shaft-power figures in this spec block conflict with the HyperWar BuShips-derived class block (4+24 vs 3+21; 2,320 shp vs 1,600 bhp).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-01
-
[3]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII, USS LCI(L)-328 (LCI(L)-328), LCI 1 class - milestones, disposition "Sold on 10 November 1946", and a documented convoy event sourced to the Report of Proceedings of HMAS Vendetta for August 1944 [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/21351.html - data table and 'Notable events' entry for 5 Aug 1944
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net confirms builder (Brown Shipbuilding, Houston), laid down 27 Jul 1942, launched 12 Sep 1942, commissioned 31 Oct 1942, and records "Sold on 10 November 1946". Documented operational event: on 5 August 1944 LCI(L)-328 sailed in a convoy of LCI(L) Flotilla 22 craft (LCI(L)-224, -328, -333, -357, -360, -429, -433, -435, -445, -976, -977, -979, joined by -436, -446, -968, -970) from Langemak Bay bound for Humboldt Bay, escorted by HMAS Vendetta, HMAS Cootamundra, and HMAS Glenelg. LCI(L)-328 straggled - unable to keep up - and was detached with LCI(L)-970 for Aitape under escort of HMAS Glenelg; en route Glenelg attacked an A/S contact with depth charges while the two LCIs continued unescorted, reaching Aitape ~1200 on 7 August.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- crew and embarked personnel, Aug 1944 convoy
- Limitations
- Secondary warship database, not a primary registry - but the event narrative is sourced to a named wartime document (Report of Proceedings of HMAS Vendetta, August 1944) not independently retrieved this session. Sale date 10 Nov 1946 conflicts with NavSource's 10 Nov 1945 - unresolved (see gaps). The straggler episode is consistent with the class's marginal sea-keeping but says nothing about materials. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-02
-
[4]NARA, Special List #44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, by Ship Numbers (archives.gov PDF, 137 pp., 2015 compilation of the 1978 finding aid) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 15, row LC1(L)-328; series context: archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy/ (RG 24 Entry 118, NAID 581208)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Special List 44 ship-number index inventories Navy deck logs for this hull: PDF page 15, row "LC1(L)-328 ... 12/1/1943 ... 6/30/1945" - i.e., logbooks covering 1 December 1943 through 30 June 1945 exist in the National Archives logbook holdings (RG 24, Entry 118, NAID 581208 per NARA's logbooks page). "LC1(L)" is the source document's rendering of LCI(L).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- crew (Dec 1943 - Jun 1945 log coverage)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - log-coverage dates are NOT commissioning/decommissioning dates and say nothing about materials. Coverage begins 1 Dec 1943, so the ship's first 13 months of commissioned service (including the Rendova/New Georgia and Treasury Island campaigns) are NOT in this inventory; coverage ends 30 Jun 1945, so the post-war ComServPac period and decommissioning are also uncovered. Whether these logbooks are digitized in the National Archives Catalog could not be verified - catalog.archives.gov is JS-rendered and unfetchable from this session. PDF verified live at research time (byte-identical download, MD5 639e2f28...).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-03
-
[5]NARA-identified photography transcribed in NavSource captions: NAID 74250311 (USMC photo Hdqtrs. No. 58041, 30 June - 4 July 1943) and NARA photo 18-N-52690 (Rendova Beachhead, 4 July 1943); plus US Navy photo of LCI(L)-332/-335/-328 at Rendova, February 1944 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150328.htm image captions (NAID 74250311; 18-N-52690; Feb 1944 Rendova photo)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA-held photographs place this hull physically at Rendova in the Solomon Islands during the New Georgia operation: US troops streaming ashore from LCI(L)-327/-334/-330/-335/-328/-336 between 30 June and 4 July 1943 (US National Archives Identifier 74250311, USMC photo); LCI(L)-328 and LCI(L)-336 putting troops ashore at Rendova 4 July 1943 (US Navy photo); the Rendova Beachhead lineup including -329, -334, -330, -335, -328, -336 (NARA photo 18-N-52690); and LCI(L)-332, -335, and -328 embarking US troops and supplies at Rendova in February 1944 - showing the hull still working the Solomons five months after the campaign, during the deck-log coverage window.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1944
- Population
- crew and embarked troops, Rendova 1943-44
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: photographs establish physical presence at Rendova, not materials or work records. NARA identifiers are transcribed from NavSource captions - the catalog entries themselves are JS-rendered and could not be independently verified this session. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-04
-
[6]"History of LCI Flotilla 22", J.E. "Jim" Talbert (communications staff), President, USS LCI National Association - first-person flotilla memoir hosted on NavSource [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150618f.htm - flotilla roster line, Morotai narrative, and post-war assignment passage
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A first-person flotilla-staff memoir names this hull directly: Flotilla 22's roster of 36 ships includes "328" (among the 19 carried over from the dissolved Flotilla 5); the memoir's Morotai assault-unit list for Task Group 77.4 (September 1944) includes LCI "328" among the craft that beached and unloaded under fire; and its post-war disposition passage reads "The 62 and 328 were assigned to Commander Service Force" - matching NavSource's ComServPac, Pacific reassignment. The memoir also supplies flotilla context: formed early August 1944 in New Guinea, Groups 64/65/66, staff billeted aboard LCI(FF)-618, later Philippine operations (Lingayen Gulf, Subic Bay base) and the post-surrender Korea/China occupation cruise.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- crew, Morotai assault (Sep 1944); ComServPac assignment (post-Aug 1945)
- Limitations
- A veteran memoir - a first-person staff account published via the USS LCI National Association and hosted on NavSource, not an official war diary; individual-ship participation in each flotilla operation is not enumerated beyond Morotai and the Service Force assignment, so later Philippine operations described are flotilla context, NOT documented participation by this hull (consistent with her three-campaign battle-star list, which ends at Morotai). Memoir dates the Morotai landing "September 16th" vs the official/NavSource campaign date of 15 September 1944, and renders the first flotilla commander "James McD Smith"/"Byrde" vs NavSource's "Paul McD Smith"/"Byrd" - variants logged in gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-05
-
[7]HyperWar/ibiblio, "US Navy Landing Ships/Craft, 1940-1945" (BuShips-derived ships list) - LCI(L)-1 class block and per-hull commissioning table [other_primary]
- Locator
- ships-lc.html - 'LCI(L)-1 Class' spec block and commissioning table row 'LCI(L)-319-336'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official-data compilation lists this hull within the row "LCI(L)-319-336 ... 1942-44" (commissioning window, no loss or transfer note), confirming the hull's LCI(L)-1 class placement and in-service era. The class spec block on the same page gives LCI(L)-1 class characteristics: displacement 387 tons full load; length 160'; beam 23'3"; draft 5'4" fwd / 5'11" aft full load; speed 15.5 kt; armament 4 x 20mm; complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted; capacity 6 officers + 182 troops or 75 tons cargo; "2 sets G.M. diesel engins [sic]; twin variable-pitch screws, 1600 BHP".
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- class-level crew context
- Limitations
- Enumeration-level coverage only: the hull appears inside a grouped range row (319-336), not a dedicated entry, and the figures are the class block, not hull-measured values. Conflicts with NavSource's ship-page spec block on complement (3+21 vs 4+24) and shaft power (1,600 bhp vs 2,320 shp) - logged in gaps, not adjudicated. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-06
-
[8]National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places nomination, USS LCI-713 (NRIS 07000300, listed 12 April 2007) - Section 7 as-built description and builder table [nps]
- Locator
- NPS NRHP nomination 07000300, Section 7 'As Built' (pp. 1-3 of continuation) and Section 8 builder table; asset PDF fetched live via npgallery.nps.gov GetAsset (MD5-verified copy)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A federal register nomination documents the LCI(L) type's construction from a surviving sister hull: "generally constructed of 1/4" steel plate... constructed entirely throughout with welding... designed for rapid assembly line production"; two decks; fuel tanks 130 tons diesel; engine room held eight General Motors 6-71 diesel engines "arranged in two banks of four engines each" driving twin four-foot variable-pitch propellers; dual above/underwater exhaust systems; a dedicated oil tank feeding a smoke generator. The nomination's builder table records "Brown Shipbuilding, Houston, Texas - 32 [LCIs built]". Explicitly noted design change: the earlier -1 class (this hull's class) carried "a landing ramp on each side of the bow" versus LCI-713's later center-ramp arrangement.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (type documentation)
- Population
- LCI(L) construction trades (all yards, 1942-44); crew accommodations as designed
- Limitations
- Class/era context only - the nominated hull is LCI-713, a later LCI(L)-351-class boat (George Lawley & Son, Neponset MA, commissioned October 1944), NOT this hull and NOT this class sub-variant; the -1/-351 design differences (side ramps vs center ramp; round vs square conning tower in the type literature) are real, though hull, engine, and systems fundamentals carry over. The document contains NO asbestos or insulation-materials content - its silence on materials other than steel plate does not establish their absence aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-07
-
[9]Eric Pearson, "The Brown Shipbuilding Company's Rise During World War II", Naval History (U.S. Naval Institute), June 2025, vol. 39 no. 3 [reputable_press]
- Locator
- USNI Naval History June 2025 article, 'Building Different Types of Naval Vessels' and 'Recruiting and Training Shipyard Workers' sections
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder context for this hull's construction: Brown Shipbuilding Company of Houston was established in 1941 by George and Herman Brown of Brown & Root with $9 million in Navy funding, on Greens Bayou off the Houston Ship Channel, where the narrow waterway forced sideways launches; employed more than 25,000 workers at peak from late 1942; used assembly-line section fabrication; and built 12 PC-461-class submarine chasers, 32 Landing Craft Infantry, 61 destroyer escorts, and 254 LSMs. LCI(L)-328 was one of the yard's 32 LCIs (hull block 319-350 per secondary production tables).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1941-1946
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding workforce (peak >25,000, from late 1942)
- Limitations
- Yard- and program-level context only - the article contains no asbestos, materials, or industrial-hygiene content; labor documentation concerns discrimination/absenteeism/strikes, not hazardous materials. Workforce figures establish population scale at the builder, not any individual's exposure. No ship-specific content for hull 328.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-08
-
[10]Era inference built on: NavSource ship-page spec block (diesel propulsion, plastic splinter armor); HyperWar BuShips-derived LCI(L)-1 class block (GM diesels, 1,600 BHP); NPS NRHP 07000300 as-built description (all-welded 1/4" steel plate, 8 x GM 6-71 diesels, dual exhaust systems); GAO HRD-80-2 (Navy asbestos-use era - see ev-10) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; HyperWar ships-lc.html class block; NPS NRHP 07000300 Section 7; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A small diesel-powered amphibious landing craft built mid-1942 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard shipboard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were diesel-engine exhaust lagging (the class carried dual above/underwater exhaust systems), machinery thermal insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation. As a diesel craft she carried no boilers or steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply. The confined engine room and below-deck accommodation compartments (24 crew racks; troop compartments) concentrate whatever era-standard materials were installed in a small enclosed volume.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); crew (1942-46); any repair-yard trades during availabilities
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-328. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; no manufacturer attribution. The NRHP nomination for a sister hull documents 1/4" welded steel construction and lists materials only as 'METAL: steel' without addressing insulation or asbestos - silence in that source is not evidence of absence.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-09
-
[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942) and service era (1942-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch, re-confirmed 2026-09-29) - content via product-page description, same standing block noted in BATCH-01/98.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-10
-
[12]Batch-5049 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page and Flotilla 22 memoir; uboat.net; NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF (live, MD5-verified); NARA-captioned Rendova photography; HyperWar BuShips-derived list; NPS NRHP 07000300 (LCI-713); USNI Naval History June 2025; GAO product page; CourtListener authenticated API (4 queries run); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-328-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, crew-exposure study, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-328 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener (authenticated API v4, five queries): "LCI(L)-328" opinions 0, dockets 0; "LCI-328" opinions 0; "LCI(L) 328" opinions 0; "LCI-328" dockets returned 1 hit - Hewitt v. Sinato, D.S.C. 0:12-cv-02720, a prisoner civil-rights action, a name collision unrelated to this vessel and to asbestos (likely Lee Correctional Institution). Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case; the only 'asbestos' material is law-firm marketing content (e.g., mesotheliomaveterans.org's Brown Shipbuilding page asserting "all of these ships were built with asbestos components due to government mandates" - an untraceable blanket claim excluded by source policy; gorilaw.com generic landing-ship page).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The RG 24 deck logs inventoried in SL44 (Dec 1943 - Jun 1945) are the prime undigitized lead; builder work packages for Brown Shipbuilding LCIs and the 1945/46 sale documentation are likewise unexamined. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-328-11