Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]NARA, Special List #44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947, ship-number list (PDF p. 23, LCI section) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 23, row 'LCI(L)-349 1/31/1943 6/30/1945'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NARA inventories deck-log holdings for this hull in a single continuous window: 'LCI(L)-349, 1/31/1943 - 6/30/1945' (PDF p. 23). The window opens on the hull's NavSource/shipbuildinghistory commissioning-delivery date (31 January 1943) and closes mid-1945 while she was on Saipan/Eniwetok patrol and ferry duty - covering her entire European-African-Middle Eastern combat tour, the 1944-45 stateside overhaul and Pacific transfer, and the first month of Western Pacific operations. The logs are in Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, RG 24, at the National Archives.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-01 to 1945-06 (coverage window)
- Population
- Crew (USCG-manned), 1943-1945
- Limitations
- This is an inventory of logbook holdings, not the logs' contents - it proves logs exist for this window, not what they record. Log-coverage dates are not commissioning/decommissioning dates. No post-June-1945 window is inventoried for this hull although she remained in service to April 1946; the reason is not stated. Verified by direct pdftotext extraction of p. 23 ('LCI(L)-349 1/31/1943 6/30/1945').
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-01
-
[2]United States Coast Guard, 'The Coast Guard at War - Transports & Escorts, Vol. II: Transports,' Historical Section, Public Information Division, U.S. Coast Guard Headquarters, May 1, 1949 - LCI(L)-349 entry (HyperWar transcription) [other_primary]
- Locator
- HyperWar USCG V2-Transports, printed pp. 127-128 - 'LCI(L)-349 / FLOTILLA 35 - GROUP 104 - DIVISION 208' entry with footnotes 137-139
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official published Coast Guard war history carries a dedicated entry for this hull (Flotilla 35 - Group 104 - Division 208; commissioned entry states the Coast Guard-manned USS LCI(L)-349 was built at Brown Shipbuilding Corporation, Houston, Texas, 'was commissioned December 26, 1942,' and became a unit of LCI(L) Flotilla 4; commanding officers Lt.(jg) Thomas A. Walsh, USCGR, Lt.(jg) W. W. Allen, USCGR, and Lt.(jg) Richard L. Scott, USCGR (from September 26, 1945)). Narrative: departed Norfolk late March 1943, arrived 'Robat, Morocco' 19 April 1943; landing training at Lake Bizerte; Licata, Sicily 10 July 1943; Salerno 9-11 September 1943 landing troops under enemy shore bombardment plus salvage operations, during which a Messerschmitt ME-109 attacking the invasion forces was shot down; sailed to Plymouth, England late October 1943 (arrived 3 November) with the flotilla, renamed Flotilla 10; departed Salcombe 5 June 1944 and disembarked troops on Utah Beach on D-day, continuing cross-channel troop runs until 12 July 1944; departed Falmouth 5 October 1944 for Jacksonville via Charleston and Mayport (arrived 26 October) for a complete overhaul at Merrill Stevens Dry Docking and Repair Company; further alterations at Charleston and Norfolk; departed 2 January 1945 for San Diego via Key West and the Panama Canal; nearly three months amphibious training at Naval Repair Base San Diego; departed 20 April 1945 for Guam via Pearl Harbor and Eniwetok (arrived 26 May); salvage operations and air-sea rescue patrol off Northwest Guam until 1 July; Eniwetok 7 July - inter-atoll ferry service until 25 October 1945, then Guam for engine repairs; departed Guam 26 November 1945, arrived Galveston 3 February 1946 via Pearl Harbor, San Diego and the Canal Zone; decommissioned 2 April 1946; four battle stars; all Flotilla 10 LCI(L)s retroactively awarded the Coast Guard Unit Commendation for Normandy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- USCG officers and crew (Flotillas 4/10/35); embarked troops on assault runs
- Limitations
- An official service-history narrative, not a primary log - the volume's commissioning date (26 December 1942) conflicts with NavSource's 31 January 1943 (corroborated by the NARA log-coverage start and the 'Jan-43' delivery in the shipbuildinghistory table); neither date is facially impossible and the conflict is carried unresolved in gaps. 'Robat, Morocco' transcribed as printed (likely Rabat or a nearby Moroccan port). Combat/service record only - contains no materials or asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-02
-
[3]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office cutter file, 'USS LCI(L)-349' (LCI_349.pdf; sources: LCI(L) file, Coast Guard Historian's Office + The Coast Guard At War V: Transports and Escorts) - ARCHIVED COPY (live history.uscg.mil and legacy uscg.mil hosts return HTTP 403 to automated fetch this session; Wayback capture 2017-05-07 verified) [other_primary]
- Locator
- LCI_349.pdf (2 pp), spec block and 'History' narrative; Wayback timestamp 20170507162647
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USCG Historian's Office data sheet for this hull: builder Brown Shipbuilding Corporation, Houston; spec block prints 'Commissioned: 26 December 1943' (impossible - she was in Morocco in April 1943; the file's own narrative and the published volume say 26 December 1942, which itself conflicts with NavSource's 31 January 1943); decommissioned 2 April 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission 18 November 1947 for disposal. Specs: 158'6"oa x 23'3"; 216 t light / 234 t beaching / 389 t full load; 8 x GM diesels, twin shafts, 1,600 hp, twin variable-pitch propellers; 4,000 mi at 12 kt; top speed 15.5 kt; complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted; troops 188; 4 x 20mm + 2 x .50 cal; 2-inch plastic splinter armor. Narrative matches the published volume (Flotilla 4/10/35; Bizerte training; Licata 10 Jul 1943; Salerno 9-11 Sep; Plymouth 3 Nov 1943; Utah Beach D-day through 12 Jul 1944; Jacksonville overhaul; San Diego training; Guam/Eniwetok ferry and rescue duty; Galveston decommissioning).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- USCG crew
- Limitations
- Official historian-office product but a compiled sheet, not a primary record; its header commissioning date contains an internal typo and its narrative date conflicts with NavSource/shipbuildinghistory - conflict carried in gaps rather than resolved. No materials or asbestos content. Live URL blocked (403); citation is the Wayback capture, labeled archived.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-03
-
[4]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-349 - construction milestones, campaign table, awards, specifications, disposition (history credited to 'The Coast Guard At War, Transports and Escorts, Volume II') [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150349.htm - timeline, campaign table, specifications, commanding officers, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull (live page verified 2026-09-30): laid down 7 November 1942 at Brown Shipbuilding Corp., Houston, TX; launched 21 December 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-349, 31 January 1943, LTjg. Thomas A. Walsh, USCGR in command; 'manned by the US Coast Guard'; assigned Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater, LCI Flotilla 4 (Capt. M. E. Imlay, USCG), 'Flotilla 10 at Normandy'; campaigns - Tunisian operation 1 June-9 July 1943; Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943; Invasion of Normandy 6-25 June 1944 (landed troops on Utah Beach 6 June, subsequent cross-channel troop runs). Departed Falmouth 5 October 1944 for Jacksonville overhaul at Merrill Stevens Dry Docking and Repair Co.; new crew; reassigned Asiatic-Pacific Theater, LCI Flotilla 35; further overhaul and amphibious training at Little Creek, VA and Solomon Island, MD; departed Norfolk 2 January 1945 for San Diego via Key West and Canal Zone; Training Command, Amphibious Forces Pacific + Naval Repair Base San Diego; departed San Diego 20 April 1945 for Guam via Pearl Harbor and Eniwetok (arrived 26 May); Saipan 1 June-1 July for local patrol and air-sea rescue; Eniwetok 7 July - inter-atoll ferry service until 25 October, then Guam engine repairs; departed Guam via Pearl Harbor, San Diego, Canal Zone, arrived Galveston 3 February 1946; decommissioned 2 April 1946 at Galveston; struck from the Naval Register in 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission 18 November 1947 for disposal. Awards: Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive 6 June 1944); Coast Guard Unit Commendation; American Campaign Medal; Europe-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal (4 battle stars); Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal; WWII Victory Medal. Specs block: 216 t light / 234 t landing / 389 t loaded; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kt max / 14 kt continuous; 4 x 20mm + 2 x .50 cal; diesel fuel 935 bbls; two sets of 4 GM 6051-series-71 diesels (4 per shaft), GM main reduction gears, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp; two diesel-drive 30 kW 120V DC generators. Photo record includes: moored pierside at the 'Pig Iron Battle Fleet Site,' Oran, Algeria, October 1943, alongside LCI(L)-85, -92, -84, -93; at Plymouth 23 March 1944 (US National Archives image); in the English Channel around the Normandy invasion (USCG Historian's collection photo). Commanding officers listed: LTjg Walsh (31 Jan 1943-?), LTjg W. W. Allen USCGR (WWII), LTjg Richard L. Scott USCG (26 Sep 1945-2 Apr 1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Construction trades (Houston, 1942); USCG crew (1943-46); embarked troops; overhaul trades (Merrill Stevens, Jacksonville, 1944); disposal workforce (1947)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation; this page's history is credited to the official USCG published volume, so narrative facts converge with ev-02/ev-03 rather than constituting an independent source. Commissioning (31 January 1943) conflicts with the USCG volume's 26 December 1942 - carried unresolved in gaps. 'Struck in 1946' has no day/month. Spec horsepower (2,320 shp) conflicts with the USCG file's 1,600 hp and the ONI-type class block's 1,600 BHP. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-04
-
[5]HyperWar, 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945 - Landing Ships and Craft' (ONI-type compilation): LCI(L) hull table and LCI(L)-1 class specification block [other_primary]
- Locator
- ships-lc.html - LCI(L)-1 class table, row 'LCI(L)-349 1942-44'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official-type hull listing places 'LCI(L)-349, 1942-44' in the LCI(L)-1-class table with no loss note and no conversion designation - consistent with the USCG/NavSource record that she remained an LCI(L) throughout (never LCI(G)/LCI(R)/LCI(M)). The class spec block for the first-series table reads: displacement 387 t full load; length 160'; beam 23'3"; speed 15.5 kt; armament 4 x 20mm; complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted; capacity 6 officers + 182 troops or 75 tons cargo; '2 sets G.M. diesel engines; twin variable-pitch screws, 1600 BHP' - an all-diesel plant, no steam.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1940-1945
- Population
- Class-level complement context
- Limitations
- Table listing confirms designation and class only - no hull-specific service narrative and no asbestos content. Class-block figures (160' length; 1,600 BHP; 15.5 kt) differ from NavSource's detailed spec block for this hull (158'5.5"; 2,320 shp; 16 kt max) - spec-level discrepancies noted in gaps. Mirror-hosted official compilation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-05
-
[6]shipbuildinghistory.com LCI(L) construction table - row 'LCI(L) 349 | Brown Shipbuilding | Houston TX | FY42 | Jan-43 | Struck 1946' (ARCHIVED COPY - Wayback capture 2010-05-27 verified; table compiled from official production records) [other_primary]
- Locator
- lcil.htm table, row for LCI(L)-349 (between rows 348 and 350, all Brown Shipbuilding Houston)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled construction table corroborates: builder Brown Shipbuilding, Houston TX; fiscal year 1942; delivery January 1943 (consistent with the 31 January 1943 commissioning in NavSource); 'Struck 1946' (consistent with NavSource's 'struck in 1946').
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Construction trades (Brown Shipbuilding, Houston, FY1942)
- Limitations
- Secondary compiled table - corroboration of builder, delivery window, and strike year only; contains no service narrative and no asbestos content. Does not resolve the USCG 26-December-1942 commissioning-date conflict.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-06
-
[7]Era inference built on: NavSource/HyperWar/USCG spec blocks (all-diesel LCI(L)-1 class; twin GM diesel sets, no steam plant); Corn & Starr AJIM 1987 (WWII shipbuilding asbestos era, PMID 3555021); GAO HRD-80-2 (Navy-wide asbestos insulation use through the era). Builder yard (Brown Shipbuilding, Houston) is NOT in the Atlas shipyard dataset - no yard-level product list attaches. [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150349.htm spec block; HyperWar LCI(L)-1 class block; USCG cutter-file spec block (1,600 hp diesel); shipyards.json (yard absent)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered landing craft built Nov-Dec 1942 at a wartime Gulf Coast yard sits inside the Navy's era of extensive asbestos use aboard ships. Era-standard applications aboard a small naval landing craft of this period: engine and diesel-exhaust insulation, machinery gaskets and packing, electrical insulation, and insulation of crew spaces. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; the plausible pathway is the confined-compartment engine-space and electrical-product set. Her October 1944-January 1945 stateside overhaul (Merrill Stevens Dry Docking and Repair Co., Jacksonville, plus alterations at Charleston and Norfolk) is a documented repair event whose materials scope is unknown.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); USCG crew (1943-46); overhaul trades (1944-45); disposal workforce (1947)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or log/action-report mention of insulation located for LCI(L)-349. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. No yard-level asbestos documentation was located for Brown Shipbuilding in the Atlas dataset (yard absent from shipyards.json), so the inference rests on era-level sources only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-07
-
[8]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) - PubMed PMID 3555021 (metadata verified via NCBI eutils 2026-09-30; DOI/Wiley host returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch) [other_primary]
- Locator
- PubMed record PMID 3555021; AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and program under which this 1942 naval landing craft was built - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in ship construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the LCI(L) type and does not establish that asbestos was aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-08
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - the program-level era context covering this hull's 1942 construction and 1943-46 service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch - confirmed again this session; product-page description used).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-09
-
[10]Batch-5072 search ledger (this record): NARA Special List 44 ship-number inventory (direct PDF extraction); USCG official published history (HyperWar V2-Transports); USCG Historian's Office cutter file (Wayback); NavSource amphibious archive; HyperWar ONI-type landing-craft tables; shipbuildinghistory.com construction table (Wayback); NHHC DANFS; Naval Vessel Register; NARA digitized-log index; USS LCI National Association roster; CourtListener API v4 [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS LCI(L)-349 / LCI-349 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener coverage this session: opinion-index search '"LCI(L)-349" OR "LCI-349"' returned zero hits; docket-index search '"LCI-349"' returned zero hits; a broad opinion query pairing the hull spellings with 'asbestos' returned only generic asbestos opinions with no hull linkage (non-qualifying). Only the spaced-variant sweep ('LCI 349' etc.) went unrun under fleet pacing - logged in search_ledger. No DANFS entry exists for numbered landing craft; NVR has no pre-1987 disposal coverage (transferred to Maritime Commission 1947); NARA deck-log scans for this hull are not in the digitized named-vessel index; the USS LCI National Association honor/valor/sacrifice roster does not list this hull (no recorded loss or casualties).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1942 naval landing craft is era-consistent with asbestos use. Litigation coverage is good but not exhaustive: clean negatives on the two primary hull spellings in the opinion index and on 'LCI-349' in the docket index; spaced spellings ('LCI 349', 'LCIL-349') unchecked under fleet pacing. Crew exposure claims, if any, would more likely name defendants (builders, manufacturers) than the hull number. Deck logs (RG 24, 1/31/1943-6/30/1945), builder records, and Maritime Commission disposal files are undigitized leads.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-10
-
[11]Commissioning-date conflict across sources: USCG published history + Historian file narrative '26 December 1942' vs USCG cutter-file spec block '26 December 1943' (internal typo) vs NavSource '31 January 1943' corroborated by NARA deck-log coverage start 1/31/1943 and shipbuildinghistory 'Jan-43' delivery [other_primary]
- Locator
- LCI_349.pdf spec block vs narrative; HyperWar V2-Transports LCI(L)-349 entry; NavSource 10/15/150349.htm; sl-44-ship-number.pdf p. 23
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION/CONFLICT: the USCG Historian's Office cutter file prints 'Commissioned: 26 December 1943' in its spec block - internally impossible (the same file's narrative and the published USCG history say 26 December 1942, and the ship was in Morocco in April 1943). The surviving real conflict is between the USCG official history's 26 December 1942 and NavSource's 31 January 1943; the latter is corroborated by the NARA deck-log inventory opening on exactly 1/31/1943 and the shipbuildinghistory table's 'Jan-43' delivery. This record carries 31 January 1943 with the conflict disclosed rather than resolved - a first-surviving-logbook date normally tracks commissioning but is not itself a commissioning record.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1943
- Limitations
- Corrects a typographical error and discloses a genuine two-source conflict; does not assert which underlying date is correct beyond noting the corroboration pattern. The USCG volume's commissioning dates for sister hulls also diverge from their log-coverage starts (e.g., LCI(L)-350 'May 15, 1943' vs logs opening 2/4/1943), suggesting the volume's dates may record Coast Guard manning or another milestone rather than Navy commissioning - hypothesis only, unresolved.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-349-lcil349-11