Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
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[1]research packet 411-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-357-lcil357-pkt-411-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-357 - construction/milestone timeline, flotilla assignments, campaign table, awards, specifications, disposal, photo captions; page history credited to 'USS LCI Landing Craft Infantry, Vol. II' (Turner Publishing, 1995); verified live 2026-09-30 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150357.htm header block, campaign table, awards display, specifications block, photo captions (verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LCI(L)-351-class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 4 May 1943 at George Lawley & Sons Corp., Neponset, MA; launched 4 June 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-357, 17 June 1943. Assigned Asiatic-Pacific Theater: LCI Flotilla Five, then LCI Flotilla Twenty Two (1944-45; CDR Paul McD. Smith USN 1944, CDR Marion M. Byrd 1944-45). Campaigns: Bismarck Archipelago operation - Green Islands landing, 15-19 February 1944; Western New Guinea operations - Morotai Island landings, 15 September 1944; Luzon operations - Lingayen Gulf landings, 4-18 January 1945. Post-war reassigned to Commander Philippine Sea Frontier. Decommissioned date unknown; struck from the Naval Register 17 April 1946; sold 3 December 1946, fate unknown. Three battle stars. Awards display: Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive), American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (3), WWII Victory Medal, Philippine Liberation Medal (1). Specs: 236/264/419 t; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kts max; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troops 6 officers + 182 enlisted; 75 t cargo; five single 20mm; propulsion two sets of 4 GM 6051 series 71 diesels (4 per shaft), GM reduction gears, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp. Photo captions place her beached at Guadalcanal in February 1944 alongside LCI(L)-435, -436, and -445.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- George Lawley & Sons construction trades (May-Jun 1943); crew and embarked troops (1943-45)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation (history text sourced from Turner Publishing's USS LCI book), not a primary registry; its milestone dates generally track official sources but the decommissioning date is expressly 'unknown'. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-01
-
[3]NARA Special List 44, 'List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947' (1978) - 'Ships With Symbol and Number Designations,' printed page 337; scanned page image via Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center mirror (narasl44/363.jpg) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL44 printed p. 337 (ACPL scan narasl44/363.jpg), 'LCI(L)-357' row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- SL44 inventories Navy deck logs for this hull as 'LCI(L)-357 | June 17, 1943-June 30, 1945 | 3' - i.e., three logbooks covering 17 June 1943 through 30 June 1945 in NARA custody (page image read directly; row sits between LCI(L)(M)-356 and LCI(L)-358). The plain LCI(L) styling - versus the combined designations carried by neighboring converted hulls (LCI(L)(G)(M)-354, LCI(L)(M)-356, LCI(L)(FF)-367) - is consistent with her never being reclassified. The inventory documents that the logs exist and their coverage; the underlying RG 24 logbooks are held at the National Archives.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-06-17 to 1945-06-30 (coverage); compiled 1978
- Population
- crew and officers generating the 1943-45 logbooks; NARA College Park holds the physical volumes
- Limitations
- The dates are logbook-coverage dates, not asserted commissioning or decommissioning dates: the span opens on the documented commissioning date (17 Jun 1943) but closes 30 June 1945 while the ship remained in service into 1946 - SL44 records only what NARA held at compilation, so post-June-1945 logs are simply outside this inventory, not absent from service. Volume count (3) is a logbook count, not a completeness guarantee. Image verified by direct fetch 2026-09-30. Batch intake's 'PDF page 23' corresponds to this numbered-vessels section; verified at printed p.337 in the ACPL scan.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-02
-
[4]J.E. 'Jim' Talbert (President, USS LCI National Association), 'History of LCI Flotilla 22' - firsthand flotilla-staff narrative (communications department, staff of CDR Smith then CDR Byrd) hosted on NavSource; verified live 2026-09-30 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150618f.htm - roster paragraph, Morotai (TG 77.4) paragraphs, post-surrender assignment paragraph
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A participant's unit narrative names this hull three times: (1) Flotilla 22 roster - 'Ship No. 62 - 63 - 328 - 333 - 334 - 335 - 357 - 358 - 359 - 360 - 433 - 434 - 435 - 436 - 443 - 444 - 445 - 446 - 518 - 519 - 614 - 615 - 616 - 617 - 618 - 619 - 688 - 689 - 690 - 776 - 777 - 985 - 986 - 987 - 1032 - 1033. The first 19 of these ships were from the old Flotilla 5' (placing 357 in the ex-Flotilla-5 block, consistent with NavSource's Flotilla Five assignment). (2) Morotai, 15-16 September 1944 - 'The LCI Unit of Task Group 77.4 comprised of LCI's 433(Flag), 435, 360, 446, 519, 334, 445, 444, 359, 357, 443, 63, 328, 333, 436, 335, 447, 429, 364 and 62'; the column beached short of White Beach on a fringing reef, and 'the 519 and 444 were stranded on the reefs and had to remain behind. The 357 were ordered to stay behind with the two stranded ships and render any assistance it could, and return later with another convoy.' (3) Post-surrender assignment - 'The 63, 333, 334, 335, 357, 358, 360, 443 and 444 were assigned to Commander Philippine Sea Frontier.' The narrative also establishes the flotilla's Lingayen Gulf employment: arrived 9 January 1945, LCIs stationed on the outer edge of the gulf making smoke morning and evening to cover the anchorage amid suicide-boat and bomber threats.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- crew of LCI(L)-357 at Morotai (Sep 1944) and Lingayen (Jan 1945); stranded crews of LCI(L)-519 and -444 she stood by
- Limitations
- Firsthand but informal unit history (veterans-association publication hosted on NavSource); ship-naming details are consistent with NavSource's compiled record but the narrative is not an official document - e.g., its Lingayen smoke-screen duty is described at flotilla level ('our LCI's'), not attributed to 357's own log. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-03
-
[5]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton), 'Landing Craft Infantry LCI(L)' yard/production table - row for LCI(L) 357; verified live 2026-09-30 [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/lcil.htm production table, LCI(L)-357 row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Yard/production ledger entry: 'LCI(L) 357 | Lawley & Sons | Neponset MA | 17-Jun-43 | Sold 1946' - documenting her builder, her 17 June 1943 delivery (same date as commissioning), and her 1946 sale, consistent with NavSource's timeline.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- George Lawley & Sons trades, Neponset (1943)
- Limitations
- Independently compiled industry-standard reference table (secondary). 'Delivered' 17-Jun-43 coincides with the commissioning date - both carried, no conflict. 'Sold 1946' is consistent with NavSource's exact 3 December 1946 sale. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-04
-
[6]NARA Catalog fileUnit 120167217, 'LCI(L) 357 - Muster Rolls' (Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel; Muster Rolls of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Other Naval Activities collection; National Archives at College Park - Textual Reference), located via DPLA item 936721c881bbed2666c50d841e34c333 [other_primary]
- Locator
- DPLA phrase search '"LCI(L) 357"' (1 result: muster rolls); catalog.archives.gov/id/120167217
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A ship-specific muster-roll file unit exists at NARA for this hull - 'LCI(L) 357 - Muster Rolls' - the name-level crew rosters submitted quarterly to the Bureau of Navigation/Personnel. These are the authoritative population records for who served aboard across 1943-1946.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- All crew, 1943-1946 (roll span unverified)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: catalog metadata located via DPLA's NARA mirror (catalog.archives.gov is JS-rendered; public API unreachable this session). The rolls themselves sit on Ancestry-scanned microfilm (paywalled partner access), not read this session. Muster rolls document crew presence by name and rating - an exposure-relevant population record, but not an exposure record. No war-diary or action-report catalog entries for this hull were located under the checked spellings. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-05
-
[7]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LC(FF)-618 page - 'Excerpts From the Log of USS LCI(L) 618' (flotilla flagship log transcription); verified live 2026-09-30 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150618l.htm, June 1945 log excerpt entries
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The transcribed log of the Flotilla 22 flagship records a crew exchange with this hull: '24 June [1945] S2c James Donoho transferred to LCI(L) 357 and S2c Karlyn Friedt arrived from LCI(L) 357.' Places 357 operating in the Subic-Manila orbit in late June 1945 (the flagship's own log that week shows Subic-Manila-Subic movements), consistent with her post-Lingayen Philippine service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-06-24
- Population
- S2c James Donoho; S2c Karlyn Friedt (crew members named in transfer)
- Limitations
- A sister ship's transcribed log excerpt hosted on NavSource (secondary compilation of a primary document); establishes a personnel transfer and co-location, nothing about 357's own operations. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-06
-
[8]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII, USS LCI(L)-357 (ship/21381) - build data and 'notable events' convoy entry; verified live 2026-09-30 [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/21381 - data block and '5 Aug 1944' notable-event entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiler record confirms the milestone set (LCI-351 class; built George Lawley & Sons, Neponset; ordered 9 March 1943; laid down 4 May 1943; launched 4 June 1943; commissioned 17 June 1943; sold 3 December 1946) and documents a dated hull-specific event: '5 Aug 1944 ... HMAS Vendetta, HMAS Cootamundra and HMAS Glenelg departed Langemak Bay to escort a convoy of 14 LCI's' - the listed Flotilla 22 hulls including 'USS LCI(L)-357', with two LCIs detached to Aitape under HMAS Glenelg escort.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- crew during the Langemak Bay convoy escort, 5 August 1944
- Limitations
- Secondary compiler database (long-standing, well-regarded for warship records); the 'ordered 9 Mar 1943' date and convoy roster are not traced to a primary document in this record. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire 1943 construction and 1943-46 service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979 (report); era covered includes 1943-46
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and ship crews of the asbestos era
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch, standing defect) - content via product-page description, same limitation as batches 01/98/5069/5070.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-08
-
[10]Rushworth, Denis H., 'The Navy and Asbestos Thermal Insulation,' Naval Engineers Journal 117(2), 2005, DOI 10.1111/j.1559-3584.2005.tb00336.x [reputable_press]
- Locator
- NEJ 117(2) 2005 article record + abstract, ingentaconnect art00012
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed Naval Engineers Journal article (American Society of Naval Engineers) documents that asbestos 'was once used in U.S. Navy shipboard pipe and machinery thermal insulation and in many other shipboard products,' that crew aboard 'Navy ships built during and following WWII' were among those exposed, and that 'the most likely source of their Navy shipboard exposures was thermal insulation' because the materials were 'dry, friable, and easily accessible.' Covers this hull's construction and service era at the practice level.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2005 (article); WWII-era practice documented
- Population
- WWII-and-later Navy ship crews; shipyard insulation workers
- Limitations
- Era/practice-level documentation - names no hull and no product list for this vessel; establishes the Navy-era practice, not installed materials aboard LCI(L)-357. Abstract-level read; article body not retrieved. No quantity, product, or individual exposure data.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-09
-
[11]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications block (diesel propulsion: two banks of four GM 6051-series quad-71 diesels, 4 per shaft; GM main reduction gears; twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp; two diesel-driven 30 kW 120 V DC ship's-service generators); shipbuildinghistory yard ledger (1943 construction at George Lawley & Sons, a wartime small-craft yard); GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-08); Rushworth NEJ 2005 (ev-09) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 150357.htm specifications block; shipbuildinghistory lcil.htm row; GAO HRD-80-2 product page; NEJ 117(2) 2005
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A geared-diesel landing craft built May-June 1943 at George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard asbestos applications aboard a diesel amphibious craft of this type and period were engine and exhaust thermal insulation/lagging, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; exposure-relevant confined spaces were her engine room and machinery spaces.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- George Lawley & Sons construction trades (1943); crew (1943-46), esp. engine-room personnel; any repair trades during availabilities; purchasers/scrappers post-1946
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, conversion work package, or veteran exposure testimony located for LCI(L)-357. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. No manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-10
-
[12]Batch-5081 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page + Flotilla 22 narrative + LC(FF)-618 log excerpts; NARA SL44 printed p.337 via ACPL scan; shipbuildinghistory production table; uboat.net ship record; NARA catalog muster-roll NAID via DPLA; CourtListener API v4 (opinions + dockets, hyphenated + spaced spellings); DANFS/NVR/NavalCoverMuseum/usslci.org negative checks; secondary web litigation/asbestos sweep; batch intake cross-check (no PRIMARY match at any tier under LCI/LSI spellings, same-number conversions, or documented renumberings) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-357-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material list, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-357 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener returned count=0 on all four authenticated queries - 'LCI(L)-357' OR 'LCI-357' at opinion (type=o) and docket (type=r) level, and 'LCI 357' OR 'LCI(L) 357' at both levels - 2026-09-30. Batch intake records 'No PRIMARY match at any tier' under the checked spellings/conversions. Secondary web sweeps surfaced generic Navy-asbestos litigation documents naming other vessels and generic landing-craft marketing content; none names this hull (excluded source class in any case).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The three SL44 logbooks, muster rolls (NAID 120167217), and any availability/repair records at NARA are undigitized or partner-paywalled leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-357-11
