Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet 411-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-pkt-411-packet-md
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[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-360 - construction, flotilla assignment, campaign table, awards, decommission/strike/disposal, specifications (history credited to 'USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry", Vol. II,' Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150360.htm header block, campaign table, awards block, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 1 June 1943 at George Lawley & Sons Shipbuilding Corp., Neponset, MA; launched 29 June 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-360, 12 July 1943; international radio call sign NHYG. WWII assignment: Asiatic-Pacific theater, LCI Flotilla Five, then LCI Flotilla Twenty Two (1944-45), CDR Paul McD. Smith USN (1944) and CDR Marion M. Byrd (1944-45). Campaigns: Bismarck Archipelago - Green Islands landing, 15-19 February 1944; Western New Guinea - Morotai landings, 15 September 1944; Luzon - Lingayen Gulf landing, 9-18 January 1945. Awards: Combat Action Ribbon, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (3 battle stars), World War II Victory Medal, Philippines Presidential Unit Citation, Philippine Liberation Medal. Decommissioned in 1946; struck from the Naval Register 25 February 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 20 April 1948; final disposition 'fate unknown.' Spec block: displacement 236 t light / 264 t landing / 419 t loaded; length 158' 5.5"; beam 23' 3"; speed 16 kts max; complement 4 officers, 24 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers, 182 enlisted; cargo 75 tons; armament five single 20mm; propulsion two sets of 4 General Motors 6051 series 71 diesels (4 per shaft), single GM reduction gears, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp, two 30 kW 120 V DC diesel-drive generators.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Lawley & Sons construction trades (Neponset, 1943); crew (1943-46); embarked infantry troops (up to ~188 per landing cycle)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestones generally track official Navy data and the page credits Turner Publishing's USS LCI Vol. II as its source. Decommissioning is given only as 'in 1946' with no date. Contains no asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-01
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[3]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) - LCI(L)' construction table and program summary [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/lcil.htm - table row '360', intro paragraphs
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The construction table lists hull 360 under 'LCI(L), Lawley & Sons, Neponset MA,' delivery 12-Jul-43, disposition 'To NDRF 1948.' Program summary: 923 LCI(L)s built by only ten shipyards; the basic design (first 350 boats) was 158.5 ft / 216 t light, the remainder six inches longer and 30 tons heavier - hull 360 sits in the later band consistent with NavSource's LCI(L)-351-class figures; variants LC(FF), LCI(G), LCI(M), LCI(R); 'the very small number that were still active in the US Navy in 1949 were redesignated LSILs'; 'Most of these boats were sold after the war but there are few records of who bought them or what they were used for.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Lawley & Sons construction trades (1943); MARAD/NDRF custody trades (1946-48)
- Limitations
- Editorially maintained shipbuilding reference, not a registry - the table's 'Delivery' column tracks delivery-to-Navy (here = commissioning date), and 'to NDRF' is shorthand for MARAD custody with buyer/scrapping records generally not surviving for this type. Confirms builder, yard, and 1948 disposal route; says nothing about materials or asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-02
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[4]National Archives, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (1978) - 'Ships with Symbol and Number Designations' section (scan hosted by Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Special List 44 (1978) printed p. 337, ACPL Genealogy Center scan display page 363 (narasl44/363.jpg)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's own logbook inventory lists 'LCI(L)-360 | July 12, 1943-June 30, 1945 | 3' - three deck logbooks for this hull covering the commissioning date through 30 June 1945, held in the Navy deck-log collection at the National Archives. The coverage start date equals the documented commissioning date (12 July 1943).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-07-12 to 1945-06-30 (inventoried coverage)
- Population
- Officers of the deck and crew recorded in the logs (1943-45)
- Limitations
- Inventory-level record: establishes that three logbooks exist for this hull in NARA custody, not their contents - the logs themselves are not digitized (confirmed against NARA's 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' list, which contains no WWII LCI(L) entries). The uniform 'June 30, 1945' end date across most LCI(L) entries suggests an accession boundary, not the ship's decommissioning date; July 1945-February 1946 logs, if they survive, are not in this inventory. Log coverage dates are not asserted service dates.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-03
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[5]'History of LCI Flotilla 22' by J.E. 'Jim' Talbert, President, USS LCI National Association (veteran-authored unit history hosted by NavSource) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150618f.htm, 'History of LCI Flotilla 22' narrative (Morotai paragraph; post-August-15 reassignment paragraph)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A participant's unit history names this hull twice. (1) In the LCI Unit of Task Group 77.4 for the Morotai operation: 'The LCI Unit of Task Group 77.4 comprised of LCI's 433(Flag), 435, 360, 446, 519, 334, 445, 444, 359, 357, 443, 63, 328, 333, 436, 335, 447, 429, 364 and 62' - the column beached toward White Beach on 16 September 1944, grounding on a reef ~50 yards off and unloading troops in water 'almost over their head.' (2) In the post-surrender breakup after 15 August 1945: 'The 63, 333, 334, 335, 357, 358, 360, 443 and 444 were assigned to Commander Philippine Sea Frontier' - placing this hull in the Philippines at war's end while the remainder of Flotilla 22 departed for the Okinawa/Korea/China occupation force.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-09 to 1945-10
- Population
- LCI(L)-360 crew at Morotai (Sept 1944) and Philippine Sea Frontier (Aug-Oct 1945)
- Limitations
- Veteran memoir compiled for a reunion association, not an operational record - it names the hull's participation and assignment but is a secondary account; dates inside the narrative (e.g., 'September 16th' vs the official 15 September landing date) differ slightly from official campaign tables. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-04
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[6]uboat.net Allied Warships entry, USS LCI(L)-360 (LCI 351 class) - construction data; convoy event sourced to HMAS Vendetta report of proceedings, August 1944 [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/21384.html - data table and 'Notable events' (5 Aug 1944)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Corroborates the construction record: ordered 9 March 1943; built by George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, MA; laid down 1 June 1943; launched 29 June 1943; commissioned 12 July 1943. Documents one dated event naming the hull: on 5 August 1944 LCI(L)-360 sailed with 13 other LCI(L)s of Flotilla 22 from Langemak Bay to Humboldt Bay, New Guinea, escorted by HMAS Vendetta, HMAS Cootamundra, and HMAS Glenelg - an event sourced to the report of proceedings of HMAS Vendetta for August 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Crew on Langemak Bay-Humboldt Bay passage (Aug 1944)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained secondary index; construction data corroborate NavSource/shipbuildinghistory rather than add new authority. The convoy event rests on a cited primary document (RAN report of proceedings) but is transcribed, not the document itself. No commanding-officer list exists for this hull in the index. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-05
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[7]HyperWar, 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945: Landing Ships and Craft' - LCI(L)-351 class specification block and hull-number grouping (transcription of official USN ship data) [other_primary]
- Locator
- ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/ships-lc.html - 'LCI(L)-351 Class' spec block (also NavSource 150360 spec block, 8 x GM 6-71 diesels)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class-design documentation constrains the asbestos-relevance of this hull: the LCI(L)-351 class spec lists '2 sets G.M. diesel engins; twin variable-pitch screws, 1600 BHP' - a purely diesel plant with no boilers, no steam system, and no steam-driven auxiliaries. The dominant WWII-vessel asbestos pathways (boiler insulation, steam-line lagging, turbine lagging) therefore do not exist in this design. Era-consistent asbestos applications aboard a 1943 welded-steel diesel craft of this type were confined to machinery gaskets and valve/flange packing, exhaust-system lagging, electrical insulation, and brake linings on the bow-ramp winch and windlass machinery.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Lawley & Sons construction trades (1943); crew and embarked troops (1943-46); MARAD/disposal trades (1946-48)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no insulation material list, builder specification sheet, or hull survey was located for this class or this hull; product names are normalized era terms and no manufacturer attribution exists for this hull. The LCI(L) was an austere, simply fitted combat craft and its asbestos-relevant material load was materially lower than a steam vessel's - but 'lower' is not 'none,' and this row asserts no ship-specific fact.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-06
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[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships through the period covering this hull's construction and service (1943-46), and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979 (report); WWII-1970s use era
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; Navy asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports Navy-era context only, not any fact specific to this hull or this class. Full text not retrieved - gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch (confirmed 2026-09-30); content via product-page description per standing batch practice.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-07
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[9]Batch-5085 search ledger (this record): NARA Special List 44 scan (ACPL); NavSource ship page and Flotilla 22 history; shipbuildinghistory LCI(L) table; uboat.net warship entry; HyperWar USN ship list; NHHC DANFS index; NARA online deck-log list; NARA catalog/RG 38 war-diary series; CourtListener API v4; NPS NRHP nomination for sister hull LCI(L)-713; GAO product page [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, hull material list, or litigation naming LCI(L)-360 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion searches (authenticated) returned zero results for the exact hull strings "LCI(L)-360" and "LCI-360", and the bare-type query "LCI(L)" returned only OCR name collisions (unrelated Texas criminal and attorney-general opinions) - no asbestos opinion naming any LCI(L). Docket-type searches were not run this session. The one detailed primary record examined at class level - the NPS NRHP nomination for surviving sister hull LCI(L)-713 (40 pp., full text extracted) - contains no mention of asbestos, insulation, hazmat, or abatement whatsoever.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-consistent materials could have been present and simply undocumented for an austere auxiliary-type craft with a brief service life and a 1948 disposal. The litigation sweep covers CourtListener opinions only; dockets (RECAP) and state filings were not searched. Deck logs (3 volumes, NARA) and any war diary in RG 38 are undigitized leads that could hold ship-specific material detail. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-360-lcil360-08