Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet 411-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-pkt-411-packet-md
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[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-361 - construction, commissioning, campaign list, awards, specifications, disposal; history credited to 'USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry" Vol. II' (Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150361.htm - milestone list, Asiatic-Pacific campaigns table, awards block, specifications block, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 11 June 1943 at George Lawley & Sons Shipbuilding Corp., Neponset, MA; launched 9 July 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-361, 23 July 1943; International Radio Call Sign NHYI. Assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater; campaign credits listed: Eastern New Guinea operation (Saidor occupation, 25-27 February 1944), Hollandia operation (21-25 April 1944), Western New Guinea operation (Biak Island operation, 27-28 May 1944; Morotai landings, 15 September 1944), Leyte operation (Leyte landings, 12 October to 29 November 1944). Four battle stars earned for WWII service; ribbons displayed: Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive), American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (4), World War II Victory Medal, Philippines Presidential Unit Citation, Philippine Liberation Medal (1). Decommissioned, date unknown. Struck from the Naval Register, 28 March 1946. Final disposition: sold in December 1946, fate unknown. Spec block: displacement 236 t. light / 264 t. landing / 419 t. loaded; length 158'5.5"; beam 23'3"; speed 16 kts max (14 kts maximum continuous); complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted; cargo 75 tons; armament five single 20mm guns; fuel 860 bbls diesel; propulsion two sets of 4 General Motors 6051 series 71 diesel engines, 4 per shaft, single GM main reduction gears, two diesel-drive 30kW 120V D.C. ship's service generators, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp. Photographs place the hull at the builder's yard (conning tower, July 1943), off Aitape, New Guinea (circa 10 September 1944), and in the Philippines (February-May 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Construction trades (George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, 1943); ship's company (1943-46); embarked troops (up to 188)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation sourcing the Turner Publishing LCI history, not a primary registry; its milestone dates generally track official records (commissioning date here matches the NARA Special List 44 deck-log start). Campaign-date strings are reproduced verbatim - e.g., 'Leyte landings, 12 October to 29 November 1944' is the page's printed text, not verified against the Navy's official campaign register. The spec block is class-standard for the LCI(L)-351 class, not a hull survey. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-01
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[3]NavSource-hosted transcription: Commander Task Group 70.4, 'Summary report of thirteen missions to supply guerrilla forces on various enemy held islands in the Philippine area' (Lt. Albert C. Eldridge, commanding); document obtained from the Navy Archives by crew member Clarke H. Brooke and retyped 4/7/87, 7/26/96 by J.P. Lucey, MoMM 1/c, USS LCI(L)-361 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150361h.htm - TG 70.4 summary report text, mission narratives I-XIII, Brooke letter of 26 Dec 1986
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A wartime task-group report names this hull among the ships of Task Group 70.4 - LCI(L) 361, LCI(L) 363, LCS 9, LCS 10, LCI 429 (temporary) - and documents its 1945 Philippines service: through 23 May 1945 the group ran thirteen missions delivering over 1,600 tons of arms, ammunition, signal equipment, fuel, medicine, food, clothing, jeeps and trailers to guerrilla forces at Bohol, Cebu, Negros, Masbate and Mindanao; approximately 2,700 guerrilla troops were transported; the report states no casualties were sustained by Task Group 70.4 personnel. Missions ran 3 February 1945 (departing Leyte Gulf for Iligan and Misamis, Mindanao) through 18-19 May 1945 (Iligan, Gingoog, and the Agusan River run to Butuan). Ship-specific detail for this hull: on Mission No. 10, 14 April 1945, 'the LCI 361 split her shaft off the tip of Leyte island and had to be towed back to port by LCS 9,' transferring part of her cargo to LCI 363 before returning. An appended letter by crew member Clarke H. Brooke (26 December 1986) identifies CDR Charles 'Chick' Parsons as the planner who 'conceived the plan and actually ran the show' and Marcello Ayesa, a Filipino inter-island ship captain, as the task force's pilot into island ports - both frequently aboard 361 - though neither is named in the report itself.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-03 to 1945-05-23 (missions); 1986-1996 (transmission history)
- Population
- Ship's company of LCI(L)-361 and group units (Feb-May 1945); embarked guerrilla troops transported; guerrilla forces supplied ashore
- Limitations
- Secondhand transcription of an archival document, not a scan: crew-member retype (1987/1996) of a Navy Archives carbon copy described as 'fuzzy and barely legible' - transcription fidelity to the original is unverified. The report text does not name this hull on every mission line; participation in specific named missions beyond the shaft-casualty item of 14 April 1945 is group-level attribution. Brooke's identifications of Parsons and Ayesa are recollection, not part of the report. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-02
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[4]NARA, Special List #44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (by Ship Number) - LCI(L)-361 entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, p. 23, row 'LCI(L)-361 ... 7/23/1943 ... 6/30/1945'; NARA logbooks page for RG 24 Entry 118 / NAID 581208 context
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's inventory of held Navy deck logs lists LCI(L)-361 with log coverage 7/23/1943 to 6/30/1945 - i.e., deck logs exist for this hull from the commissioning date through the end of the in-scope wartime coverage window. The logs are held in Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, Record Group 24, Entry 118 (National Archives Identifier 581208).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-07-23 to 1945-06-30
- Population
- Ship's company (1943-45, as recorded in logs)
- Limitations
- Log-coverage dates are inventory metadata, not asserted commissioning or decommissioning dates - the 7/23/1943 start coincides with NavSource's commissioning date, the 6/30/1945 end is NARA's inventory cutoff, not a service end. The logs are not digitized (the NARA digitized-logbooks page lists named vessels only; LCI(L)-361 is absent) - physical/reproduction request is the access path. Log contents (day-by-day positions, muster, materials) are unexamined.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-03
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[5]Historic American Engineering Record (NPS), HAER No. OR-180, 'LCI(L)-713, Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum, Portland, Oregon' (historian Justine Christianson, 2012) - documentation of a sister LCI-351-class vessel built at the same yard [haer]
- Locator
- HAER OR-180 data pages (LoC or0606data.pdf), pp. 1-3: Principal Measurements, Description, Historical Information
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NPS documentation of the LCI-351 class design and builder through preserved sister ship LCI(L)-713: 'LCI-351 Class Landing Craft Infantry (Large)' designed by the Bureau of Ships; approximately 1,051 ships of the type constructed at ten different shipyards during WWII; built at the George Lawley & Son shipyard, Neponset, Massachusetts (keel 27 July 1944, launched 5 August 1944, commissioned 18 September 1944); welded 1/4" steel plate construction, two decks, engine room with four pairs (eight) of General Motors 6-71 diesel engines connected to two shafts and variable-pitch propellers; deckhouse containing troop and ship officers' accommodations, mess, wardroom and galley; enclosed foredeck housing the ramp and well deck with ramp winch; five single 20mm Oerlikon cannon; troop capacity 182 enlisted + six officers. The record notes LCI(L)-713 exemplifies the modified design built after 1 June 1944 (cylindrical pilot house, centerline ramp) versus earlier ships of the class (two side ramps).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (class construction/service era); 2012 (documentation)
- Population
- Construction trades (Lawley/Neponset, class-wide 1943-45); class crews and embarked troops
- Limitations
- Class-level documentation through a sister ship, not this hull - LCI(L)-361 predates the post-1-June-1944 design modification described (laid down 11 June 1943), so sub-variant details (ramp arrangement, pilothouse form) differ from 713. Specifications and internal arrangement are the shared class baseline corroborated by 361's own NavSource spec block. The report contains no asbestos, insulation, or hazardous-material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-04
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[6]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications block (diesel LCI(L)-351-class plant - GM diesels, no steam); NPS HAER OR-180 class construction description (welded steel, engine room, deckhouse accommodations); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy-wide asbestos-era finding (see ev-06) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block (10/15/150361.htm); HAER OR-180 description; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered landing craft built June-July 1943 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a welded-steel amphibious vessel of this type and period were engine and exhaust/muffler lagging, thermal insulation in machinery spaces, gaskets, valve and flange packing, and electrical insulation. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; the confined machinery-space and accommodation-area exposure dynamic of small combatants applies instead.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Construction trades (Lawley/Neponset, 1943); ship's company (1943-46); embarked troops; any post-sale civilian crews
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or purchase record located for LCI(L)-361. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. Does not establish that asbestos was or was not aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-05
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[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1943) and U.S. Navy service era (1943-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979 (report); wartime construction era covered
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and crews, era-wide
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-30) - content via product-page description, same standing access gap as prior batches.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-06
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[8]Batch-5086 search ledger (this record): NavSource main page and TG 70.4 report; NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF; NHHC DANFS URL candidates and index search; NARA digitized-logs page; NPS HAER OR-180; GAO product page; CourtListener API v4 opinion and docket indexes (all spellings); shipyards.json yard lookup; secondary web asbestos sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS LCI(L)-361 was found in the sources searched. CourtListener returned zero hits for 'LCI-361', 'LCI(L)-361', 'LCI(L) 361', 'LCI 361' asbestos, and 'USS LCI' asbestos in the opinion index, and zero for 'LCI-361' / 'LCI(L)-361' in the docket index; the unquoted 'LCI(L)-361' opinion query returns 617 hits that are name collisions on LCI International, Inc. (telecommunications defendant), not this vessel. No DANFS entry exists (all candidate history.navy.mil URLs 404; index search surfaces other LCI hulls only). Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case and, unusually, not even law-firm marketing pages asserting asbestos aboard this specific hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. CourtListener searches ran 2026-09-30 through the authenticated helper (API v4, both type=o and type=r) and are a true negative for indexed coverage, but unindexed dockets, PACER-only filings, and state-court records outside CourtListener remain uncovered. RG 24 deck logs (1943-45) are undigitized; builder's contract, construction work packages, and any post-sale civilian documentation are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-07
-
[9]NavSource LCI photo index - class configuration note and the 28 February 1949 reclassification of surviving Navy LCIs to Landing Ship Infantry (LSI) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/15idx.htm, class configuration paragraph; disposal dates per 10/15/150361.htm
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NavSource's class index states: 'All LCI's in the U.S. inventory were reclassified Landing Ship Infantry LSI on 28 February 1949.' This hull was struck 28 March 1946 and sold in December 1946 - more than two years before the reclassification - so no LSI designation ever applied to LCI(L)-361. LSI-361 spellings and post-1949 renumbering searches are therefore out of scope for this hull: her only designation was LCI(L)-361.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1946-1949 (disposal vs reclassification window)
- Limitations
- Clarifies designation scope for record matching only. The LSI reclassification itself rests on NavSource's class note (consistent with standard references); no primary reclassification document was pulled. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-361-lcil361-08