Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet oz-packet.md (1 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (existence — real identity: USS LCI(L)-407; designation LCI(L); type: Landing Craft Infantry
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-pkt-oz-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-407 ex USS LCI(L)-407 - construction milestones, reclassification, campaign record, specifications, disposal; page history credited to 'USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry" Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995' [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150407.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 10 January 1944 at George Lawley & Sons Shipbuilding Corp., Neponset, MA; launched 16 January 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-407, 22 January 1944; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Gunboat) LCI(G)-407, 15 June 1944. Asiatic-Pacific campaigns: Leyte landings 20 October 1944; Lingayen Gulf landing 9 January 1945; Manila Bay-Bicol operations at Nasugbu 31 January - 2 February 1945; assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto 24 March - 1 June 1945. Decommissioned, date unknown; struck from the Naval Register 1946; transferred to the State Department 25 May 1948; final disposition fate unknown. Four battle stars for World War II service. Specifications: displacement 246 t. light / 264 t. landing / 419 t. loaded; length 158' 5.5"; beam 23' 3"; speed 16 kts max / 14 kts continuous; LCI(L) complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted, LCI(G) complement 5 officers + 65 enlisted; LCI(L) armament five single 20mm guns, LCI(G) armament two 40mm guns, four 20mm guns, six .50-cal machine guns, ten MK7 rocket launchers; propulsion two sets of 4 GM diesels, 4 per shaft, 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers. Photo record includes a George Lawley & Sons / U.S. National Archives photograph of LCI(L)-407 with sisters LCI(L)-405 and LCI(L)-406 at the outfitting dock on launch day 16 January 1944, and a July 1945 Pearl Harbor gunboat-nest photograph.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1944); LCI(L) crew 4 officers + 24 enlisted, LCI(G) crew 5 officers + 65 enlisted (1944-45); embarked troops up to 6 officers + 182 enlisted
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track official records but decommissioning date is not stated and final disposition is recorded only as 'fate unknown.' Page credits its history text to a Turner Publishing company history (1995). Contains no asbestos content. URL verified live 2026-09-30.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-01
-
[3]Naval History and Heritage Command, 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' - LCI Division 84 (G), LCI Group 42 roster [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHHC Pacific Fleet Organization 1 May 1945, 'LCI GROUP 42 / LCI DIVISION 84 (G)' table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official U.S. Pacific Fleet organization as of 1 May 1945 lists LCI 407 in LCI Division 84 (G) - the gunboat division of LCI Group 42 (ComLCIGrp 42 Lt. Cdr. C. J. Starkus, USN-Ret.) - commanded by Lt. (jg) J. D. McEnroe (USNR), alongside gunboat sisters LCI 365, 366, 439, 440, and 475. This documents the craft's unit assignment and commanding officer during the Okinawa Gunto operation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Population
- LCI(G)-407 crew (Lt. (jg) J. D. McEnroe commanding); LCI Group 42 gunboat crews
- Limitations
- Official organization document establishing unit and CO as of 1 May 1945; contains no material or asbestos content. URL verified live 2026-09-30.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-02
-
[4]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List #44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (ship-number ordering), p. 17 [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf p. 17, LCI(L)(G) block; NARA navy-online digitized list checked for LCI(L)(G)-407 - absent
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA Special List 44 (ship-number list, PDF p. 17) inventories Navy deck logs for 'LCI(L)(G)-407' covering 1/22/1944 - 6/30/1945 - the hull's entire commissioned wartime career, from commissioning through the Okinawa operation. These are log-coverage dates, not asserted commissioning/decommissioning dates. The logs for this hull do not appear in NARA's list of deck logs already digitized in the National Archives Catalog; they exist as physical records (RG 24).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-01-22 to 1945-06-30 (log coverage)
- Population
- LCI(L)-407 / LCI(G)-407 crew (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: establishes that deck logs covering the stated dates exist at NARA, not their contents. Digitization status negative on the navy-online list as of 2026-09-30; the catalog is JS-rendered and was not queried directly. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-03
-
[5]Robin L. Rielly, American Amphibious Gunboats in World War II: A History of LCI and LCS(L) Ships in the Pacific (McFarland, 2013) - scholarly history citing this hull's official action reports [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Rielly, ch. 2 text and notes 19-20; ch. 6 note 25 (action-report citations)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Rielly's bibliography and notes cite two official action reports filed by this hull: 'USS LCI(G) 407, Serial - None, Action Report, Lingayen Operation, Luzon, P. I. 9 January 1945, 20 January 1945' and 'USS LCI(G) 407, No Serial, Anti-Aircraft Action Report, 16 April 1945' - both held in National Archives records. From the Lingayen report Rielly records that aboard LCI(G) 407 '109 rockets fired but others did not,' and that her CO, Lieutenant (jg) John D. McEnroe, reported the failures 'was a result of vibrations, caused by 40mm and 20mm fire, which shorted out some of the electric circuits.' These are archival leads to ship-specific primary records and confirmed ship-specific combat detail.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-01-09 to 1945-04-16
- Population
- LCI(G)-407 crew under Lt. (jg) McEnroe (Lingayen, 9 January 1945; Okinawa, 16 April 1945)
- Limitations
- Secondary scholarly source citing primary action reports - the reports themselves were not pulled from NARA this session; details are quoted as Rielly renders them. The cited mirror (erenow.org) is a full-text copy of the published McFarland book; the underlying source is a reputable scholarly history. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-04
-
[6]Walter Karig, Russell L. Harris, and Frank A. Manson, Battle Report: Victory in the Pacific (Rinehart, 1949) - Navy-cooperative wartime history; chapter 'Seventy-Nine Minutes on the Picket Line' [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Battle Report vol. V, chapter 'Seventy-Nine Minutes on the Picket Line' (~p. 411); archive.org full text
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- During the third major kamikaze raid against the Fifth Fleet off Okinawa on 16 April 1945 - the attack in which destroyer Laffey (DD-724) was crippled on radar picket station - 'LCI 407' is listed among the ships hit: 'LCI 407, a 4-foot hole above the waterline.' Ships damaged in the same raid included destroyers Bryant, Hobson, Harding, and Wilson (destroyer Pringle sunk), escort Bowers, oiler Taluga, and LCS 51 and 116.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-04-16
- Population
- LCI(G)-407 crew (16 April 1945)
- Limitations
- Published history (Navy-cooperative Battle Report series) rather than the underlying action report - corroborated by the existence of the craft's own 16 April 1945 Anti-Aircraft Action Report (see ev-04). Establishes combat damage to the hull, not any material exposure. OCR source text renders 'hole' as 'hcde' - the scan was verified against context. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-05
-
[7]Naval History and Heritage Command, H-Gram H-086-2, 'Iwo Jima: The Battle of the LCI Gunboats' [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHHC H-086-2 text (armament parenthetical; LCI(G)-449 history paragraph)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC documents the LCI(G) gunboat type and conversion program this hull belongs to: LCI(L)s converted to gunboat configuration in 1944 carried 'two 40-mm guns, four 20-mm guns, six .50-caliber machine guns, and 10 Mark 7 4.5-inch rocket launchers' - matching NavSource's LCI(G)-407 armament line - and were employed in close-in shore bombardment and UDT support. The H-gram's subject action is LCI(G) Group Eight at Iwo Jima (17 February 1945), a sister unit's battle, not this hull's.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- LCI(G) crews as a class (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Class-level context: describes the LCI(G) type and its standard armament/role using a different group's battle; LCI(G)-407 was not at Iwo Jima and is not named. No asbestos content. URL verified live 2026-09-30.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (diesel plant - two sets of 4 GM diesels, 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch screws); LCI-351-class construction era (wartime emergency program, 1943-44); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era documentation (see ev-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 158-foot diesel-powered landing craft built January 1944 for the wartime Navy sits inside the documented asbestos-use era. Era-standard small-craft applications aboard a craft of this type and period were engine and exhaust insulation/lagging for the diesel plant, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, and brake linings on deck winches. As a diesel craft she carried no boilers or steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply - and her small volume and open-air deck arrangement reduce, but do not eliminate, the confined-space exposure dynamic.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1944); LCI(G) gunboat crew (5 officers + 65 enlisted) in confined machinery and magazine spaces (1944-45); any post-war transfer/disposal trades
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, plans, or work package located for LCI(L)-407 / LCI(G)-407. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-07
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[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 highlights
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's use of asbestos aboard ships and its policies for asbestos removal and worker protection, reviewed at the Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards - spanning the era in which this hull was built (1944). The Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for repairs, modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979 (report); Navy asbestos era generally
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk - not George Lawley & Sons. Direct curl fetch returns HTTP 403 (automated-access block, confirmed 2026-09-30); product page and highlights verified via Firecrawl.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-08
-
[10]Batch-5119 search ledger (this record): NavSource page; NHHC Pacific Fleet Organization 1 May 1945; NHHC H-Gram H-086-2; NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF + digitized-logs list; DANFS/NHHC ship-history check; CourtListener API v4 name/hull searches; Rielly and Karig published histories; secondary web asbestos sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming LCI(L)-407 or LCI(G)-407 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion and docket searches on all three designation variants ('LCI-407', 'LCI(G)-407', 'LCI(L)-407'; type=o and type=r) each returned count 0. The only 'asbestos' content found is law-firm marketing material (e.g., mesowatch.org's George Lawley & Sons yard page) asserting exposure without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the 1944 construction era is consistent with era-standard materials. Undigitized deck logs, builder's plans, and any 1948 State Department disposal records are open archival leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-407-lcil407-09