Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet pa-packet.md (2 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED. No phantom, no collision.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-pkt-pa-packet-md
-
[2]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, NAVSHIPS 250-011, Vol. II (1945) - LCI(L) roster and design table (shipscribe.com scan, text layer extracted) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945 v2, Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) (LCI(L)) roster, p.203-204 (LCI(L)414 row)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official BuShips roster entry for this hull: 'LCI(L)414 ... 24 Jan 44 | 1 Feb 44 | 9 Feb 44' - keel laid 24 January 1944, launched 1 February 1944, first commissioned 9 February 1944. The builder column reads 'do.' (ditto) chaining to George Lawley & Son Corp., Neponset, Mass. - the last named builder in the block (at LCI(L)357); the next builder change is New Jersey S.B. Corp., Barber, N.J. at LCI(L)428.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- George Lawley & Son construction trades (Jan-Feb 1944)
- Limitations
- Primary government roster data for this hull's construction milestones; contains no asbestos or material content. The 'do.' builder attribution is resolved by block context, not a hull-level restatement. Disposal-era events postdate the January-April 1945 publication and appear only in other sources.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-01
-
[3]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, NAVSHIPS 250-011, Vol. II (1945) - LCI(L) design table, LCI(L) 351-1098 block [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945 v2, LCI(L) design table pp.199-200; LCI(G) converted-hull roster pp.197-198 (hull 414 absent)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official design table for the LCI(L) 351-1098 design group covering this hull: length 159'0" oa / 153'0" wl, extreme beam 23'8", accommodations 8 officers / 32 enlisted, armament five 20mm A.A. machine guns; machinery: 'G.M. Diesel 6051 series 71', 2,320 shaft horsepower, single G.M. main reduction gears, 2 propellers, diesel-driven ship's-service generators, ~860 barrels diesel fuel oil. A diesel plant - no boilers, no steam system. Hull 414 falls in the 351-1098 block and does not appear in the separate LCI(G) converted-hull roster, consistent with its LCI(L) status as of the January-April 1945 data cutoff.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- class-level
- Limitations
- Class/design-group table, not a hull record - it establishes what the type was designed to be, not what was installed aboard hull 414. Figures differ slightly from NavSource (158'5.5", 23'3", 419 t loaded, 30 kW generators) - variances logged in gaps. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-02
-
[4]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-414 ex USS LCI(L)-414 (page live-fetched 2026-09-30; history sourced to Turner Publishing, 'USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry"' Vol. II, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150414.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, and photo captions (incl. 1 Oct 1945 Lawley yard photo, NARA collection)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource milestone record for this hull: laid down 24 January 1944 at George Lawley & Sons Shipbuilding Corp., Neponset, MA; launched 1 February 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-414, 9 February 1944; assigned Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater - Invasion of Normandy, 6 to 25 June 1944; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Gunboat) LCI(G)-414, 15 July 1945; decommissioned, date unknown; struck from the Naval Register 1946; earned one battle star for WWII service; sold 10 April 1946; final disposition fate unknown. Awards: American Campaign Medal, Europe-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal (1), WWII Victory Medal. Photo captions document: the ship's D-Day deck-log page (6 June 1944); a crew photograph taken in Lymington, England shortly after the Normandy landings; and a National Archives collection photograph captioned 'LCI(G) 414, LANDING CRAFT INFANTRY (GUNBOAT)' moored forward of USS LCI(G)-428 at George Lawley & Sons Shipbuilding Corp., 1 October 1945. Specifications block: 246 t light / 419 t loaded, 158'5.5" x 23'3", 16 kt max; complement 4 officers / 24 enlisted (LCI(L)) or 5 officers / 65 enlisted (LCI(G)); two sets of four GM 6051-71 diesels, 4 per shaft, GM reduction gears, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- construction trades (1944); ship's company and embarked troops (1944-45); LCI(G) complement 5 officers/65 enlisted (1945)
- Limitations
- Volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates used here where corroborated (BuShips agrees on all three construction dates). Decommissioning 'date unknown' is carried honestly rather than inferred. The deck-log photograph is a picture of a primary artifact, not the NARA-held log itself. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-03
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[5]National Archives, Special List No. 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (ship-number ordering, official NARA PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, page 17, row 'LCI(L)(G)-414 2/9/1944 9/30/1945'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA Special List 44 inventories Navy deck logs for this hull under the combined designation 'LCI(L)(G)-414' covering 9 February 1944 (commissioning day) through 30 September 1945 - the full in-scope wartime service window. The logs are held at the National Archives (RG 24/entry 118 family). The combined LCI(L)(G) listing is consistent with the documented 15 July 1945 reclassification to gunboat.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (coverage)
- Population
- ship's company and embarked personnel (1944-45)
- Limitations
- An inventory of logbook custody, not the logs themselves - the finding aid was verified directly (PDF page 17), but the deck logs for this hull are not among the digitized deck-log file units in the NARA Catalog (checked 2026-09-30). Content of the logs (post-July-1944 movements, inactivation) is unexamined. Coverage ending 30 September 1945 plus the 1 October 1945 builder's-yard photograph is consistent with - but does not prove - a late-1945 inactivation at Neponset.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-04
-
[6]NARA Catalog, RG 38 'World War II War Diaries, Other Operational Records and Histories': USS LCI(L) 414 war diaries - May 1944 (NAID 78456370, Roll A991), June 1944 (NAID 78526386, Roll A1055, 14 images), July 1944 (NAID 78554875, Roll A1081, 6 images) - digitized microfilm read directly [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov/id/78456370 (May), /id/78526386 (June, images 0178-0191 of Roll A1055), /id/78554875 (July, Roll A1081); sibling leads: COM LCI(L) FLOT 12 diaries NAIDs 78468731, 139774341, 140030349, 101700345
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The ship's own war diaries document: attached to LCI(L) Flotilla TWELVE under Commander Landing Craft and Bases, 11th Amphibious Force, U.S. Twelfth Fleet; on 1 May 1944 'under-going conversion to LCH, Falmouth, (England) Cornwall' (a headquarters-craft conversion not reflected in her subsequent records - see gaps). June: moored River Tamar, Saltash with LCIs 11 and 217; embarked Brigadier General Sands and a 29th Division staff (23 officers, 40 men), Commander Stokes' relief staff for Commander Force Baker, and Commander T.S. Cameron (ComLCI(L)Flot12) with staff as C.T.G. 126.3 commanding Convoy Baker Two - making 414 the convoy flagship. Underway 0023 on 6 June under Force Baker operations order 2/44 in Convoy B-2 with USS Achenar (AKA-53) and twelve LCIs; ordered at 1640 by Capt. M.H. Imlay USCG aboard LCH-86 to beach on the left flank of Easy Red (not Dog Red) - Omaha Beach; retracted successfully; Maj. Gen. 'Gerheart' [Gerhardt], 29th Infantry Division commander, aboard 1920 for conference; all Army personnel disembarked to LCMs by 2000. The diary also records sister LCI(L)-416 mined on the beach, abandoned, total loss. Remainder of June: utility/ferry/salvage duty off Vierville and Arromanches under CTF 128 - blockship and Mulberry A work (incl. alongside HMS Centurion and LCH-86/492), Seabee embarkation, a grounding and re-float, a screw salvaged from an abandoned LCI hulk, one crewman (Youngberger EM2/c) slightly wounded by artillery shrapnel 8 June, and the 19-22 June storm that wrecked the pierhead, ridden out under tow to a Liberty ship. July: departed the beachhead area 29 July towing an Army sea-mule from Jenny Cliff Bay, Plymouth, with LCI(L)-89, PC-565 and PC-619; moored Lymington River, Hampshire, 29-31 July. Signature block throughout: R.J. Erickson, commanding officer.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-05-01 to 1944-07-31
- Population
- ship's company (4 officers/24 enlisted LCI(L) complement) plus embarked 29th Division staff and Flotilla 12/convoy staffs during the Normandy period; ~85 embarked Seabees 8 June
- Limitations
- Ship-authored wartime records read directly from digitized microfilm (all 14 June pages reviewed; first/last pages of May and July diaries reviewed; intervening pages summarized, not exhaustively transcribed). Contains no asbestos or material content. Diary coverage ends 31 July 1944 - the August 1944-July 1945 period is not covered by cataloged ship-level diaries (Flotilla 12 diaries in the same series extend to June 1945 - archival lead).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-05
-
[7]NARA Catalog NAID 139737833 (RG 38 WWII War Diaries series, Roll A1160, micro serial 87839): 'USS LCI(L) 414 - Rep of AA Act on 6/6/44 in the Bay of the Seine, Normandy, France' - the ship's own anti-aircraft action report, dated 20 June 1944, digitized (3 images) and read directly [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 139737833 digital images 1005-1007 (report + first endorsement)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The ship's Anti-Aircraft Action Report documents her D-Day night action at 49-23 N, 0-49 W: 2320 radio warning of approaching aircraft, crew to General Quarters; 2328 a plane believed a JU 88 dove on USS Ancon anchored 1,100 yards off the port bow; 2332 high-altitude planes dropped sticks of about 500-lb bombs landing 400-600 yards off the starboard quarter (shrapnel found on deck next morning); 2345 a plane at 600 feet approached from astern and was engaged by 20mm guns 1 and 2 - it caught fire and crashed about 1,500 yards away, one of three planes seen to crash. Because at least four ships were firing at the plane, only a 'sure assist' was claimed. Ammunition expended: 123 rounds of 20mm (about 1% of allowance); no material failures. Pointer on gun 2 named: Harris, R.T., Sea 1/c, USNR. Signed R.J. Erickson, C.O., via Commander LCI(L) Flotilla TWELVE (first endorsement 7 July 1944, T.S. Cameron) to the Readiness Division, CominCh.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-06-06 action; report dated 1944-06-20
- Population
- ship's company under air attack, night 6-7 June 1944; named gun crew Harris, R.T., S1/c
- Limitations
- Ship-authored primary combat report; an exposure-materials record contains nothing on asbestos. A claim of one 'sure assist' - not a confirmed kill - is exactly what the report states and is classified here at the ship's own claim level.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: BuShips Ships' Data 1945 v2 machinery table (GM 6051-71 diesel plant, no boilers/steam); NavSource specifications; GAO HRD-80-2 program documentation (ev-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945 v2 LCI(L) design table; NavSource specifications block; GAO HRD-80-2 Navy-response enclosures
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1944-built diesel-powered landing craft sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era (GAO HRD-80-2: asbestos was the Navy's major shipboard thermal-insulation material until specification changes in 1971-73; 'all ships contain some asbestos in such components as clutches and electric cables'; other applications included pipe-hanger liners and gaskets). Era-standard applications aboard a small diesel amphibious craft of this type were exhaust and machinery lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation including cable, deck coverings, and accommodation-area insulation. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler and steam-line lagging pathway dominant in steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (Jan-Feb 1944); wartime crew; any inactivation-yard trades (1945)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or work package located for LCI(L)-414/LCI(G)-414. Names era-typical applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; no manufacturer attribution. The hull is presumed destroyed (sold 1946, fate unknown), so present-day presence is moot.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy's Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) - full text retrieved via firecrawl (direct curl to the PDF asset returned Akamai 403) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2 product page + full-report PDF (letter to Reps. Anderson/Patterson and Navy-response enclosures I-II)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Government program documentation spanning this hull's construction era: the Navy's major asbestos use aboard ships was thermal insulation; product specifications were changed to call for asbestos-free materials only in 1971-73, and ships already purchased/insulated were delivered with asbestos insulation as late as May 1978; the Navy stated 'all ships contain some asbestos in such components as clutches and electric cables' and noted additional applications such as pipe-hanger liners and gaskets; the Navy's no-asbestos policy (NAVSEAINST 5100.2) issued 24 October 1975.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 (construction-era context); report 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; shipbuilding trades, program-wide
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only - it names no hull. A 1944-built, 1946-disposed landing craft predates the report's policy period; the row documents construction-era practice, not conditions aboard this hull, individual exposure, or quantity.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-08
-
[10]NPS National Register of Historic Places nomination/continuation sheet, USS LCI-713 (Landing Craft Infantry), NRIS 07000300, listed 2007-04-12, Clatsop County OR [nps]
- Locator
- NRHP nomination continuation sheet, narrative description sections ('LCI-713 As Built', integrity analysis)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A same-builder, same-class sister hull survives: USS LCI-713 was also built by the George Lawley & Son shipyard, Neponset, and is an LCI-351-class vessel; the nomination describes her as 'structurally, essentially unchanged since World War II' and describes the type's construction - welded quarter-inch steel plate, two decks, troop compartments, a crew compartment of 24 berths, an engine room holding eight GM 6-71 diesels in two banks of four with variable-pitch propellers and dual above/underwater exhaust systems, and the 351-class center bow-ramp arrangement. Restoration work follows period-materials/period-methods guidelines.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 construction described; nomination 2007
- Population
- museum restoration volunteers (contemporary); class-level context
- Limitations
- Sister-hull class context only - the nomination contains no asbestos statement and establishes nothing about materials aboard hull 414. It does document that era construction can survive essentially unaltered aboard this type (an era-materials persistence observation, not an asbestos finding).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-09
-
[11]Batch-5127 search ledger (this record): NavSource 150414; NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF; NARA Catalog WWII war diaries (4 file units incl. digitized AA report); BuShips SDB 1945 v2 (shipscribe); NPS NRHP LCI-713 nomination; GAO HRD-80-2 full text; NHHC DANFS; NVR; CourtListener API v4 (partial - fleet pacing); secondary web sweeps [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming LCI(L)-414/LCI(G)-414 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion search returned zero hits across all designation spellings - 'LCI(L)-414', 'LCI-414', and the combined-variant query 'LCI(G)-414' OR 'LCI(G) 414' OR 'LCI(L) 414' (authenticated API v4, three queries total). The docket-type (RECAP) search could not be completed - the fleet-wide CourtListener request budget was paced out at session time - so the litigation record is a negative at the opinion layer with the docket layer still open. Secondary sweeps surfaced no qualifying case and no law-firm/marketing content specifically claiming asbestos aboard this hull (unlike larger-ship records, no excluded-source assertions were even found). DANFS has no entry for this numbered landing craft; NVR carries none (disposed 1946, pre-NVR).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944-era welded diesel craft would still carry era-standard insulation, gaskets, and electrical materials, and no survey either way exists. The litigation gap is genuinely open at the docket layer (opinion layer fully searched, zero hits). Deck logs (SL44, 1944-02-09 to 1945-09-30) and Flotilla 12 diaries are undigitized-at-hull-detail leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-414-lcil414-10