Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
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[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-419 ex USS LCI(L)-419 - construction, designation, campaign list, specifications, disposal (page history credit: USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150419.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, photo caption
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LCI(L)-351 class; laid down 7 February 1944 at George Lawley & Sons Corp., Neponset, MA; launched 14 February 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-419 on 21 February 1944; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Guns) LCI(G)-419 on 15 July 1944; assigned Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater; decommissioned and struck dates unknown; transferred to the State Department for disposal 13 February 1946; earned two battle stars for WWII service; fate unknown. Spec block: 216 t. light / 234 t. landing / 389 t. loaded; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kts max; two sets of four GM diesels (8 total), 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers. Photo caption: beached on Utah Beach, Normandy, September 1944 (credit Charles Lupsha, LCI(L)-419).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (Feb 1944); ship's crew (LCI(L): 24; LCI(G): 70); embarked VII Corps staff (Jun 1944); embarked troops (up to 188)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates corroborated here by NARA SL44 (log coverage starts on commissioning date) and the ship's own action report. Campaign table contains an impossible Anzio line corrected in ev-13; ribbon display lacks Asiatic-Pacific though NHHC places the hull in the Pacific Fleet on 1 May 1945 (contributor-driven display, may be incomplete). Decommission/strike dates and final disposition not documented. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-01
-
[2]NARA NAID 78551955, 'LCI(L) 419 - Report of Operations, Period 6-5-44 to 7-11-44 - Invasion of Normandy, France' (RG 38, WWII War Diaries series, micro serial 80968, roll A1079; 7-page SECRET-declassified action report dated 20 July 1944) [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov/id/78551955, images 0253-0259 (transmittal letter + Parts I-VI)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The ship's own action report (read in full, all 7 pages): CO Lt.(jg) Charles S. Laird, USNR; submitted to Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet via Commander Force U and Naval Commander, Western Task Force. In May 1944 the ship was altered by Army technicians at Saltash, Cornwall - four radio sets, antennae, power equipment, and a war room added - to serve as alternate VII Corps headquarters for the Normandy assault phase under CTF 125 Operation Order 3-44, carrying Maj. Gen. Landrum (deputy commander VII Corps) and staff; mission was to land the staff and to substitute for USS Bayfield (APA-33) if the flagship were lost. Maj. Gen. Landrum's staff embarked 2 June; ship sailed in Convoy U-1B Plymouth Section 5 June (guide Lt. Cmdr. Newbegin in LCI(L)-217, escort USS O'Brien DD-725); arrived transport area off Utah Beach 0730 on 6 June and held station 200 yards off Bayfield; fully unloaded by 1500 on 7 June; then served as Ferry Control Area Baker One ship and accommodation for LCT Flotilla Four staff supervising LCTs unloading Liberty ships. Under German 88mm fire 8 June (no damage); a gunner fired 30 rounds of 20mm without orders during the 9 June friendly-fire confusion; took aboard LST-523 mine casualties 19 June and ferried them to hospital ship LST-285; rode out the 19-22 June storm on a hawser to LSI Lady of Mann after losing all anchors; relieved by LCI(L)-508; sailed for Southampton 11 July for repairs and shuttle-service assignment. 'At no time did this ship suffer any battle damage or inflict any upon the enemy.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-06-05 to 1944-07-11
- Population
- Ship's crew (Lt.(jg) Charles S. Laird USNR commanding); Maj. Gen. Landrum and VII Corps staff (embarked 2-7 Jun); LCT Flotilla Four staff (embarked from 11 Jun); LST-523 survivors received 19 Jun
- Limitations
- Ship-specific primary document covering only 5 June - 11 July 1944 (Normandy); no asbestos or material content. Establishes combat-theater presence, duties, and named commanding officer; does not address exposure of any individual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-02
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[3]NARA Special List 44, 'List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947' (ship-number ordering), PDF page 23 [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf p.23, row 'LCI(L)-419 ... 2/21/1944 ... 6/30/1945' (PDF downloaded and page extracted 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Special List 44 inventories NARA-held deck logs for LCI(L)-419 covering 21 February 1944 through 30 June 1945 - log coverage beginning on the commissioning date and running through the period that includes Normandy, the LCI(G) reclassification, and the Pacific Fleet assignment (through June 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-02-21 to 1945-06-30 (log coverage)
- Population
- Crew (1944-45 log period)
- Limitations
- Archival inventory only: the dates are log-coverage dates, not asserted commissioning/decommissioning dates, and coverage ending 30 June 1945 leaves the last in-service months (through 1946 disposal) un-inventoried here. Logs are physical holdings at NARA College Park (RG 24); digitized deck-log file units for this hull were not separately itemized in the catalog result set (muster rolls and the action report are digitized - see ev-11). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-03
-
[4]Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, NAVPERS 15,790 (1953), Part IV - engagement-star list (HyperWar/ibiblio transcription of the official manual) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Awards-IV-16.html, ship list entry 'LCI(L) 419'; engagement codes decoded in the same page's EAME engagement table (E5, E219)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official engagement-star list credits 'LCI(L) 419' with exactly two engagements: E5, 'Invasion of Normandy (including bombardment of Cherbourg), 6-25 Jun 44' (the hull's window 6 Jun 44 - 25 Jun 44), and E219, 'Convoy UGS-38, 20 Apr 44'. This corroborates NavSource's 'two battle stars' and identifies which engagements earned them.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Crew aboard during credited engagement windows (Apr 1944; Jun 1944)
- Limitations
- ibiblio/HyperWar is a verbatim transcription mirror of the official NAVPERS manual - the printed manual is the controlling source. Engagement credits establish combat-theater participation windows only; they say nothing about where the ship was between engagements, and credit no Pacific engagement. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-04
-
[5]DANFS, Lansdale II (DD-426) - Convoy UGS-38 action narrative, 20 April 1944 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Lansdale II entry, paragraphs covering 18-20 April 1944 (ugs-38)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- DANFS documents the credited E219 action: convoy UGS-38, Bizerte-bound along the Algerian coast, was attacked shortly after 2100 on 20 April 1944 off Cape Bengut by roughly 18-24 German Ju-88 and He-111 bombers in three waves; SS Paul Hamilton exploded with all 580 men aboard; Lansdale was torpedoed, broke in half, and sank; Menges (DE-320) and Newell (DE-322) conducted rescue. LCI(L)-419's presence in the convoy is established by the NAVPERS engagement credit (ev-04) and NavSource campaign list.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-04-20
- Population
- Convoy UGS-38 crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Context corroboration only: documents the convoy action this hull is officially credited with - does not itself name or describe LCI(L)-419's part in it. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-05
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[6]NHHC, 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' (order-of-battle document) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Pacific Fleet Organization page, LCI(L) Flotilla Thirty-Seven > Group 111 > Division 222
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official order of battle lists 'LCI 419' in LCI(L) Division 222, LCI(L) Group 111, LCI(L) Flotilla Thirty-Seven of the Pacific Fleet as of 1 May 1945 - alongside sister Lawley-built hulls LCI 417, 418, 420, and 421. This documents a Pacific Fleet assignment late in the war, after the EAME campaigns and the July 1944 LCI(G) reclassification.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-05-01 (as of date)
- Population
- Crew aboard May 1945 (Pacific assignment)
- Limitations
- Single-date order-of-battle listing: establishes assignment to the Pacific Fleet on 1 May 1945 but not arrival date, station, or operations. The NAVPERS star list credits no Pacific engagement, NavSource's ribbon display shows no Asiatic-Pacific medal (contributor-driven, possibly incomplete), and the hull is absent from NHHC's Tokyo Bay surrender list - the nature of Pacific service is undocumented. The org list uses the generic 'LCI' label though the hull had been reclassified LCI(G).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-06
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[7]USS Landing Craft Infantry National Association (usslci.org), 'Excerpt from USS LCI(L) 419...Its Story' - memoir of Robert Roderick, QM, USNR (submitted by Lisa Bittle Tancredi); Utah Beach photo courtesy George C. Marshall Foundation [museum_official]
- Locator
- usslci.org post 'Excerpt from USS LCI(L) 419...Its Story' (Elsie Item June 2019, No. 105; category LCI 419)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- First-person crew memoir for this hull: staging in England; a postponed 4 June 'dry run' ending in Plymouth Harbor; departure ~1500 on 5 June in a ~40-LCI task force; arrival in the Baie de la Seine off the already-taken beach on 6 June; anchored transport-area days through at least 9 June including a mine strike on a nearby coaster 8 June, E-boat alerts, and the ship's Bessler smoke generator blanketing a cruiser. Photo caption: 'USS LCI(L) 419 on UTAH Beach days after the landing area had been secured.' Reader comment by Greg Lupsha corroborates via his father Charles H. Lupsha's handwritten diary (radio operator aboard 419 at D-Day).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-06
- Population
- Crew (memoirist Robert Roderick QM; radio operator Charles H. Lupsha); embarked troops
- Limitations
- Veteran memoir hosted on the national association's site - eyewitness narrative, not an official record; consistent with the ship's action report (ev-02). Excerpt ends in the Normandy period; no coverage of conversion or Pacific service. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-07
-
[8]Historic American Engineering Record HAER OR-180, 'LCI(L)-713, Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum, Portland, OR' (NPS Heritage Documentation Programs; historian Justine Christianson, 2012; data pages PDF cdn.loc.gov/master/pnp/habshaer/or/or0600/or0606/data/or0606data.pdf) [haer]
- Locator
- HAER OR-180 data pages (or0606data.pdf), 'Principal Measurements,' 'Description,' 'Historical Information'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- HAER documentation of sistership LCI(L)-713, 'the last remaining example of a World War II Landing Craft Infantry (LCI) 351-class amphibious assault vessel in its original configuration': class designed by the Bureau of Ships; built of welded 1/4-inch steel plate for rapid wartime construction; eight General Motors 6-71 diesel engines on two shafts with variable-pitch propellers; approximately 1,051 ships of the type built in ten shipyards; sistership built at the same yard (George Lawley & Son, Neponset). Interior described: troop compartments and crew space below, engine room on lower deck, deckhouse with officers' accommodations, mess, wardroom, galley.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 design era; documentation 2012
- Population
- LCI(L) construction and crew populations (class context)
- Limitations
- Class documentation via a sistership - not this hull. The HAER data pages contain NO asbestos or insulation-materials information; the type's welded-plate, diesel-only configuration is documented but any material inference for hull 419 remains era-level. Does not establish presence or absence of asbestos aboard either hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-08
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[9]Era inference built on: NavSource spec block (8x GM diesels, twin variable-pitch props, no steam plant); HAER OR-180 class description (welded 1/4-inch steel, BuShips design); GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-10) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; HAER OR-180 data pages; GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era-standard applications aboard a 1944 diesel-powered landing craft of welded steel construction: thermal insulation on and around the engine room and diesel exhaust runs, machinery/exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical-cable insulation, and limited accommodation-area insulation. As a diesel craft she carried no boilers or steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply - and a 158-foot beaching craft carried far less insulation volume than a steam combatant. Per the Navy's position as recorded by GAO in 1979, all ships of the era contained some asbestos in components such as clutches and electric cables even where thermal insulation was not used.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1944); crew (1944-46); anyone aboard during the May 1944 Army alteration work at Saltash
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, plan, or work package located for LCI(L)-419. Names era-standard application types, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; no manufacturer attribution. The ship's documented May 1944 alteration (radio sets, war room) is an electronics fit, not an insulation record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-09
-
[10]GAO, 'Navy's Efforts to Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure,' HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) - full text at https://www.gao.gov/assets/hrd-80-2.pdf retrieved via firecrawl this session [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2 full report PDF (transmittal letter and 'Navy's Policy on Use of Asbestos' section)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos era spanning this hull's entire existence: 'according to the Navy, although all ships contain some asbestos in such components as clutches and electric cables,' thermal insulation 'was the Navy's major use of asbestos aboard ships'; the Navy's policy to eliminate asbestos where suitable alternates existed was issued October 1975, and removal cost was estimated at $2 billion. Fieldwork reviewed Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979 (report); covers pre-1975 asbestos-use era
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; Navy-wide asbestos program
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Reviewed repair-era practices at two naval shipyards - not 1944 construction or landing craft. Does not establish materials aboard this hull, individual exposure, or quantity.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-10
-
[11]NARA Catalog file-unit search 'LCI(L)-419' - 37 digitized file units, all available online [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov search results, file units NAID 120225954, 78551955, 101733055, 101745497, 139774341
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Digitized NARA holdings for this hull include: LCI(L) 419 Muster Rolls, NAID 120225954 (RG 24, 90 images, first roll dated 31 March 1944); the Normandy action report NAID 78551955 (ev-02); and parent-unit war diaries consistent with her documented chain of command, including COM LCI(L) GR 111 war diary 26 Feb-30 Jun 1945 (NAID 101733055 - the Pacific group under which NHHC lists the hull), COM LCI(L) GR 35 war diary 6 Dec 1944-25 Feb 1945 (NAID 101745497), and COM LCI(L) FLOT 12 war diary Nov 1944 (NAID 139774341).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- Crew (muster rolls name individual crew members)
- Limitations
- Archival leads: the muster rolls and action report are ship-specific; the group/flotilla war diaries are fuzzy catalog hits that plausibly name or cover the hull's parent units but were not individually verified. A March 1945 cluster of Atlantic-side diaries (NOB Key West, COMGULFSEAFRON, CINCLANT, COMPHIBTRACOMLANT, Fleet Admin Office Charleston) may trace her CONUS return before Pacific assignment - unconfirmed. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-11
-
[12]Batch-5132 search ledger (this record): NavSource; NARA SL44 + catalog (37 file units); NAVPERS 15,790 via HyperWar; NHHC Pacific Fleet org; DANFS Lansdale; usslci.org memoir; HAER OR-180; GAO HRD-80-2; CourtListener API v4 (opinions x2 query sets, dockets x1 - all 0 hits); secondary web sweeps [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-419-01 through -13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum remediation record, or litigation naming LCI(L)-419/LCI(G)-419 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener was searched authenticated in both opinion and docket indexes under four spelling variants - all queries returned zero hits (a genuine negative, not a block). Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case; the hull does not appear even on law-firm 'asbestos ship' listicles - only generic LCI-class marketing content exists (excluded by source policy).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-consistent inference remains reasonable for a 1944 diesel craft. Deck logs (paper, NARA College Park), builder's material records, and any Foreign Liquidation Commission disposal file for this hull are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-12
-
[13]Cross-check: NavSource campaign table vs NAVPERS 15,790 engagement-star list (ev-04) and the ship's own action report (ev-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150419.htm campaign table and photo caption vs Awards-IV-16.html LCI(L) 419 entry
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION: NavSource's campaign table for this hull lists 'Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings, January to March 1943' - impossible for this hull (commissioned 21 February 1944, still on the builder's ways in the listed months) and inconsistent with the official NAVPERS list, which credits exactly two engagements (Convoy UGS-38, 20 Apr 44; Invasion of Normandy, 6-25 Jun 44). The Anzio line is a NavSource table artifact and is not carried. Minor related note: NavSource captions the Utah Beach photo 'September 1944' while the usslci.org memoir captions it 'days after the landing area had been secured' - the caption dating is unresolved and the photo is carried only as Utah Beach 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Limitations
- Corrects a secondary-source artifact; the official engagement-star list controls. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-419-13