Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-440 ex USS LCI(L)-440 page (history compiled from USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry', Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource archive page 10/15/150440 (ship entry, campaign table, flotilla/group/division block, awards block, specifications block, photo captions) - verified live via fetch, 2026-09-30
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity, conversion, and wartime record for this hull: laid down (date unknown) and launched (date unknown) at New Jersey Shipbuilding, Barber, N.J.; commissioned USS LCI(L)-440 on 6 August 1943, C.J. Keyes in command; designation changed to Landing Craft Infantry (Gunboat) LCI(G)-440 on 15 June 1944. Asiatic-Pacific Theater assignments printed: at Okinawa under LCI Flotilla Three (CDR M.J. Malanaphy / CDR Eikel R. Jr. USNR), LCI Group Nine (LCDR C.J. Starkus, USN Ret), LCI Division Seventeen. Credited campaigns (five battle stars): Marshall Islands - occupation of Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls 31 Jan-8 Feb 1944 and Eniwetok Atoll 17-26 Feb 1944; Marianas - capture and occupation of Guam 21-28 Jul 1944; Leyte landings 20 Oct 1944; Luzon - Lingayen Gulf landing 9 Jan 1945; Okinawa Gunto - assault and occupation 1 Apr-1 Jun 1945 (as printed on the live page; a campaign-code listing and a cached copy print 24 Mar-1 Jun - see gaps). Ribbons: Navy Unit Commendation, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (5), WWII Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp). The NUC is stated for the hull 'as a member of LCI(G) Flotilla 3 (31 January to 28 July 1944) for Occupation of Kwajalein and Eniwetok Atolls ... and Capture and occupation of Saipan, Guam and Tinian.' Decommissioned date unknown; struck from the Naval Register in 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 30 January 1948; final disposition fate unknown. Photographs include the craft off Okinawa c. Apr-May 1945 (USS Tennessee BB-43 cruise book) and in a Pearl Harbor nest July 1945 (LCI National Association newsletter).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Crew (LCI(L) 4+24; as gunboat 5+65) and embarked troops (up to 6 officers, 182 enlisted), 1943-1948
- Limitations
- NavSource is a compiled secondary reference (transcribing Turner Publishing's USS LCI volume and Navy records), not a contemporaneous log or action report; campaign credits are official-list summaries. The NUC covers LCI(G) Flotilla 3 for operations including Saipan and Tinian - the hull's own campaign table credits only Guam in the Marianas, so the citation is flotilla-level text (veteran account places the hull at the Saipan assault; see gaps). The Okinawa window prints '1 April to 1 June 1945' on the live page vs '24 March' on a cached copy and a campaign-code listing. Struck-in-1946 is unmonth-ed and single-source. Contains no asbestos information whatsoever.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-01
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[2]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (by ship number), PDF p.17 [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, p.17, row 'LCI(L)(G)-440 | 8/6/1943 | 6/30/1945' (verified by text extraction of the live NARA PDF, 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's Special List 44 inventory (by ship number, PDF page 17) lists Navy deck logs for this hull under 'LCI(L)(G)-440' covering 6 August 1943 through 30 June 1945 - in-scope wartime service documentation held in Record Group 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel logs), retrievable for this hull. The coverage span begins on the commissioning date (6 August 1943) and runs to the 30 June 1945 cut-off common to the listing's wartime logs; the inventory listing carries both designations of the same hull, consistent with the June 1944 LCI(G) redesignation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (log coverage)
- Limitations
- The entry is an inventory record only - it establishes that NARA holds logbooks for this hull for the stated span, not their contents. The deck logs themselves were not opened for this record and are not among the logs digitized in the National Archives Catalog (catalog is JS-rendered; the hull is absent from NARA's online '1941 and later' logbooks list - see search_ledger). These are log-coverage dates, not asserted commissioning/decommissioning dates (the coverage start coincides with the NavSource commissioning date, but the inventory does not itself assert commissioning). No asbestos or condition information is contained in the listing.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-02
-
[3]NARA Catalog record via Digital Pasifik / Digital Public Library of America: 'USS LCI(G) 440 - Rep of Ops, 7/21-24/44, Invasion of Guam Island, Marianas' (NAID 78595696; micro serial 83938, serial 001, file A09-5, dated 2 August 1944), National Archives at College Park - Textual Reference; corroborating citation in Rielly, American Amphibious Gunboats in World War II (McFarland 2013), notes: 'USS LCI(G) 440 Serial 052 - Action Report of LINGAYEN Operation, 15 January 1945' [other_primary]
- Locator
- digitalpasifik.org item 379465 (verified live via fetch, 2026-09-30; canonical catalog handle catalog.archives.gov/id/78595696); Rielly, American Amphibious Gunboats in World War II (McFarland, 2013), Notes, ch.5 entry 19 - text mirrored at erenow.org/ww/american-amphibious-gunboats-wwii-history-lci-lcsl-ships-pacific/20.php
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Hull-specific wartime paperwork is cataloged at NARA: the LCI(G)-440's own action report for the Guam invasion (operations 21-24 July 1944, report dated 2 August 1944) exists in the Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, WWII War Diaries / Other Operational Records and Histories series at College Park (NAID 78595696, metadata carried by the DPLA partner record). A second hull action report - LCI(G) 440 Serial 052, Lingayen Operation, dated 15 January 1945 - is cited in the notes of Rielly's published monograph, establishing that the hull generated the standard action-report paperwork for her major operations.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945 (operations covered)
- Limitations
- Catalog-level verification only: the Digital Pasifik/DPLA record carries NARA College Park's own metadata (title, micro serial, serial, file, date) but the report text was not opened - it documents that the record exists, not its contents, and it contains no asbestos information by itself. The Lingayen report is documented via the monograph's notes rather than a separate catalog record located this session. catalog.archives.gov is a JS-rendered SPA with no working public API this session; the NAID (78595696) is the retrievable handle.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-03
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[4]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII, USS LCI(L)-440 warship record (ship 21482); corroborating production-table row in shipbuildinghistory (Colton) LCI(L) list [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/21482 data block (verified live via fetch, 2026-09-30 - no commands or notable events listed for this hull); shipbuildinghistory.njscuba.net/us-navy-small/lcil/ row 'LCI(L)-G 440' (verified live via curl, 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled warship data corroborate the core record and supply the construction dates NavSource lacks: uboat.net lists LCI(L)-440 as an LCI 351-class craft built by New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp., Barber, N.J. - ordered 22 March 1943, laid down 29 April 1943, launched 24 July 1943, commissioned 6 August 1943 - and records 'Reclassified as LCI(G), Landing Craft Guns on 15 June 1944'. Colton's shipbuildinghistory LCI(L) production table independently lists 'LCI(L)-G 440 | New Jersey SB | Barber NJ | 6 Aug 1943 | to NDRF 1947', consistent on builder, delivery, conversion, and reserve-fleet disposal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Construction trades (Barber NJ, 1943); wartime crew
- Limitations
- Both are reputable secondary compilations, not primary records. 'Ordered 22 Mar 1943', 'laid down 29 Apr 1943', and 'launched 24 Jul 1943' are uboat-only figures - NavSource prints 'date unknown' for laid down and launched, so these are carried as unconfirmed secondary data (see gaps). Colton's 'to NDRF 1947' and NavSource's 'transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 30 January 1948' describe the same postwar disposal chain at different granularity. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-04
-
[5]Voices from the Pacific War (Bruce M. Petty), oral history 'Dominick C. Maurone: USS LCI(G) 440' - crewman aboard the hull January 1944-May 1945; same narrative reprinted by the USS LCI National Association (usslci.org, 'The Story of Dominick C. Maurone' / 'Voices from the Pacific') [other_primary]
- Locator
- voicesfromthepacificwar.com oral-history page (verified live via fetch, 2026-09-30, full text); identical narrative at usslci.org 'The Story of Dominick C. Maurone' and 'Voices from the Pacific' pages
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A published first-person account documents this hull's wartime service in operational detail: Maurone joined the craft at Pearl Harbor in early January 1944 with the gunboat fit already aboard (rocket launchers and 40-mm guns - i.e., the physical conversion preceded the formal 15 June 1944 redesignation). She led the first wave at Roi-Namur on 31 January 1944 and made landings on 26 of roughly 30 beachheads in the Marshalls; on 22 February 1944 off Parry Island, Eniwetok, she was hit by 5-inch shells - per the captain, from American destroyers firing by radar through blowing smoke - killing 8 crewmen and wounding 35 including one officer (Lt.(j.g.) Vyron Grace), with wounded treated alongside USS Solace (AH-5) and the dead buried at sea from USS Pennsylvania (BB-38); drydock repairs at Pearl Harbor followed, redeploying 18 April 1944. She took part in the initial Saipan assault 15 June 1944, the Agat Beach assault at Guam 21 July 1944 (Group-Eight LCIs 365, 366, 439, 440, 442, 474, 475, 437, 450; the 365/439/366 were hit on the boat-lane run while 440 turned out of mortar range), the Leyte assault 20-24 October 1944, the Lingayen Gulf first wave 9 January 1945 (remaining to 5 March), UDT close fire support at Kerama Retto 25 March 1945 and off Okinawa 29-30 March, and the Okinawa first waves. C. J. Keyes commanded through Guam; Vyron Grace succeeded him. Maurone left the ship 15 May 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-01 to 1945-05
- Population
- Wartime crew (8 killed, 35 wounded at Parry Island per this account); embarked troops and UDT personnel supported
- Limitations
- Veteran oral history - firsthand but retrospective recollection, not a contemporaneous document: figures he gives (57 enlisted and 4 officers; 3x40mm, 2x20mm, 8x.50-cal, 42+5 rocket launchers) differ from the NavSource specification block (5/65; 2x40mm, 4x20mm, 6x.50, 10 Mk7), his 'Group-Eight' assignment differs from NavSource's Okinawa listing of LCI Group Nine (assignments shifted between operations - see gaps), and the friendly-fire attribution rests on what the crew was told aboard. Independent corroboration exists for the key claims (Rielly for Parry Island; the LCI association's Division-Fifteen account for Agat). No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-05
-
[6]USS Landing Craft Infantry National Association (usslci.org), 'Guns Behind Palagi Rock' - account of LCI(G) Division Fifteen at the Agat Beach assault, Guam, 21 July 1944, quoting the USS LCI(G) 365 action report (flagship) [other_primary]
- Locator
- usslci.org 'Guns Behind Palagi Rock' article body (verified live via HTTP fetch, 2026-09-30; HTTPS endpoint presents a self-signed certificate)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The USS LCI National Association's action narrative places this hull in the Guam assault: 'the left flank was Flagship LCI(G) 365 with 366, 439, and 440' of LCI(G) Division Fifteen preceding the first wave into Agat Beach, 21 July 1944, firing 40-mm and 20-mm batteries and 4.5-inch barrage rockets. In the subsequent boat-lane engagement against the Japanese guns behind Palagi Rock, the article records that 439 was hit (two killed, 13 injured), 366 was hit (five killed, 13 wounded), and 'LCI 440 was next to run the gauntlet. Her skipper, LT Keyes saw where the Jap mortar shells were falling and turned to starboard and out of range' - corroborating the crewman account's description of the same event.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-07-21
- Population
- LCI(G) Division Fifteen crews at Agat Beach, Guam, 21 July 1944
- Limitations
- Association-published narrative history quoting a flagship's action report - the hull is named in the formation and gauntlet passages but the quoted report is LCI(G) 365's, not 440's; details of 440's own firing are from the narrative rather than her own report (which exists separately at NARA - see ev-03). Verified live over HTTP - the site's TLS certificate is self-signed, so the http:// URL is the fetched and cited form. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-06
-
[7]Robin L. Rielly, American Amphibious Gunboats in World War II: A History of LCI and LCS(L) Ships in the Pacific (McFarland, 2013), ch. 4 'The Central Pacific Campaigns' (Eniwetok/Parry Island action) and Notes (ch.5 n.19, LCI(G) 440 Lingayen action report) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Rielly 2013, ch.4 (Parry Island passage) and Notes ch.5 n.19 - text at erenow.org/ww/american-amphibious-gunboats-wwii-history-lci-lcsl-ships-pacific/5.php and /20.php (verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A published scholarly monograph on the LCI gunboats documents this hull's combat damage at Eniwetok: for the 22 February 1944 assault on Parry Island, 'the three most aggressive gunboats, LCI(G)s 365, 440, and 442, were assigned to the right flank'; with the landing zone obscured by smoke, the destroyers fired by radar and 'the three gunboats [were] under the fire of the destroyers, and they were hit by 5 inch shells from the American ships' - independently documenting the friendly-fire event the crewman describes, including the three hulls involved. The book's notes also cite this hull's own paperwork: 'USS LCI(G) 440 Serial 052 ... Action Report of LINGAYEN Operation, 15 January 1945'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-02-22; 1945-01-15
- Population
- Crew casualties at Parry Island, Eniwetok, 22 Feb 1944
- Limitations
- Published secondary history resting on the cited wartime action reports - the Parry Island friendly-fire account and the Lingayen report citation are documentary in nature, but the monograph does not quote 440's own Eniwetok report verbatim and the killed/wounded figures (8/35) come from the veteran account rather than this source. Book verified at the publisher page (mcfarlandbooks.com, live 2026-09-30); chapter text consulted via the erenow.org mirror. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-07
-
[8]Library of Congress, Historic American Engineering Record HAER AK-52, M/V Husky II (USS LCI(L) 653) - LCI(L) 351-class written history and documentation; corroborated by HAER OR-180, LCI(L)-713 (Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum, Portland OR) [haer]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 written history, historical-data pages ('Builder: New Jersey Shipbuilding, Barber, New Jersey'; 'Class: LCI(L) 351 class'), 'LCIs in World War II' section (hull-range list incl. 423-657, citing Colton) and Part 4/5 physical description + cited BuShips spec and NARA RG 19 roll 5899 (full text extracted via pdftotext, 2026-09-30); HAER OR-180 principal-measurements block (tile.loc.gov .../or0606data.pdf, verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- HAER documents that this hull sits inside the covered class and that its own builder constructed the class: LCI(L)s were utilitarian wartime Bureau of Ships-designed craft (design May 1942; built by ten yards; welded steel), the working plans drawn by the Engineering Division of George Lawley & Son Corp., Boston, under the BuShips 'Detail and Special Specifications for Building Landing Craft Infantry (Large) LCI(L) 351-542' (1943), a range that includes hull 440; Lawley's LCI(L) 351-class plans survive at NARA (RG 19, microfilm roll 5899). HAER AK-52's own subject, LCI(L) 653, was built by New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp., Barber, N.J. - the same yard as this hull - and the document lists that yard's production as LCI(L)s 239-318, 423-657, 782-821, and 866-884, a range block containing 440. Propulsion was all-diesel - eight six-cylinder General Motors Series 71 engines, four per shaft, twin variable-pitch propellers, 16-knot maximum - with no boilers or steam system, so the asbestos-relevant applications aboard are the era-standard diesel-craft items: engine exhaust and muffler lagging, thermal/acoustic insulation in the engine room and accommodations, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation. The class's splinter armor is documented as 2-inch plastic splinter protection - crushed granite pebbles embedded in bitumen - not an asbestos product.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Construction trades (Barber NJ, 1943); wartime crew in confined engine-room and accommodation spaces
- Limitations
- Class/design inference only - HAER AK-52 documents sister craft LCI(L) 653 (and OR-180 documents sister 713); neither names this hull and neither asserts asbestos content (the word 'asbestos' does not appear in AK-52 - full text checked, zero occurrences). No ship-specific material list exists for this hull; asbestos presence aboard is era- and design-level inference, not ship-proven. Does not establish quantity, products installed, or present-day presence (hull fate unknown since the 1948 disposal).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-08
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights block
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure at the Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, including the use of asbestos in Navy ships, the cost of removal, and compensation programs; the Navy's 1975 policy (modified 1979) was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for repairs - documentation spanning the Navy asbestos era that covers this hull's construction and service period (1943-48).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull or even this craft type (HRD-80-2 concerns larger Navy vessels and shipyards). Full report PDF at gao.gov blocks direct automated fetch (HTTP 403 to curl, confirmed 2026-09-30); product-page Highlights text retrieved via browser-rendered scrape (firecrawl).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-09
-
[10]Naval Marine Archive, 'New Jersey Shipbuilding, Barber NJ' yard history and production list [other_primary]
- Locator
- navalmarinearchive.com New Jersey Shipbuilding page, yard-history paragraph and production-table row 'LCI(L) 440' (verified live via fetch, 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The yard reference documents this hull's builder and production line: New Jersey Shipbuilding was an LCI assembly line on Arthur Kill in Barber (a community east of Perth Amboy, later absorbed into Perth Amboy), managed by Todd Shipyards from 1942 at the Navy's request and closed after the war; its production table lists hull 440 as a U.S. Navy landing craft delivered Aug-43 and 'Struck 1946'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Construction trades (Barber NJ, 1943)
- Limitations
- Secondary yard-history compilation, consistent with HAER AK-52's documentation of the same yard and hull range. Confirms builder, delivery window, and the 1946 striking for this hull; contains no asbestos or condition information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-10
-
[11]Batch-5156 search ledger (this record): NavSource hull page; NARA Special List 44; NHHC/DANFS (candidate URL check); CourtListener API v4 opinion and RECAP docket searches via the fleet helper; uboat.net warship record; shipbuildinghistory (Colton) production table; NARA Catalog action-report record via Digital Pasifik/DPLA; Rielly monograph; veteran oral history; USS LCI National Association articles; HAER AK-52/OR-180; Naval Marine Archive yard page; GAO product page; HyperWar class index; banned-source web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum record, or docketed case naming LCI(L)-440 / LCI(G)-440 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener returned zero hits on every variant tried: opinion searches for 'LCI(L)-440', 'LCI(G)-440', and 'LCI-440', and RECAP docket searches for 'LCI(L)-440' OR 'LCI(G)-440' OR 'LCI-440' and for 'LCI 440'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - as a 1943 combat-built landing craft the hull sits inside the documented Navy asbestos era. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present, and does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. The vessel left Navy custody in January 1948 with fate unknown, so no modern survey can exist unless the hull is identified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-440-lcil440-11