Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet pg-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-452-lcil452-pkt-pg-packet-md
-
[2]NARA Special List 44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (ship-number list), entry 'LCI(L)(G)-452 8/30/1943 6/30/1945' (PDF p. 17, verified live 2026-09-30) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 17, row 'LCI(L)(G)-452'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official Navy deck-log inventory lists logbooks for LCI(L)(G)-452 covering 8/30/1943-6/30/1945, establishing in-scope wartime service for this hull from commissioning through June 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-08-30 to 1945-06-30
- Population
- Ship's company, 1943-1945 (log coverage period)
- Limitations
- Log-coverage dates, not commissioning/decommissioning dates - the ship remained in service after the listed coverage (NHHC photo places her entering San Francisco Bay 1946-06-06). The inventory establishes that logs exist in NARA custody, not their contents; no asbestos inference. Digitized copies were not located in NARA's online deck-log listing.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-452 ex-USS LCI(L)-452 - milestones, specifications, campaign table, awards display (live .net mirror, verified 2026-09-30) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150452.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, photo captions (NHHC photo NH 86182, San Francisco Bay 1946-06-06; off Okinawa April 1945)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource milestone data for this hull: laid down 30 June 1943 at New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., Barber, N.J.; launched 20 August 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-452 30 August 1943 (LTjg. R. O. Croskey in command); designation changed to LCI(G)-452 15 June 1944. Asiatic-Pacific service in LCI(G) Flotilla Three (CDR Michael J. Malanaphy; CDR R. Eikel, Jr., USNR, from 14 May 1945 per the page's command note), LCI Group One, LCI Division Fourteen. Campaigns (five battle stars): Marshall Islands (Kwajalein/Majuro, 31 Jan-8 Feb 1944); Marianas (Saipan, 15 Jun-28 Jul 1944); Tinian (24-28 Jul 1944); Western Carolines (southern Palaus, 6 Sep-14 Oct 1944); Okinawa Gunto (26 Mar-14 Jun 1945). Navy Unit Commendation as member of LCI(G) Flotilla 3; awards display also shows Combat Action Ribbon, American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (5 stars), and World War II Victory Medal. Decommissioned date unknown; struck date unknown; transferred to Maritime Commission for disposal 24 February 1948; fate unknown. Specifications: 246 t light / 264 t landing / 419 t loaded; 158' 5.5" x 23' 3"; 16 kts; two sets of 4 GM diesels, 4 per shaft, 1,600 bhp, twin variable-pitch propellers; complement LCI(L) 4 officers + 24 enlisted, LCI(G) 5 officers + 65 enlisted.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Construction trades (New Jersey Shipbuilding, 1943); crew and embarked troops (1943-c.1946); disposal-custody handlers (1948)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track official records and are corroborated here by NHHC and NARA records, but decommissioning, striking, and final fate are explicitly 'date unknown'/'fate unknown' on the source page. Page text derives from the USS LCI Turner Publishing volume. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-02
-
[4]NHHC, The Assault on Kwajalein and Majuro (Part One) - wartime order of battle, Task Group Robertson (Initial Tractor Group) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Task Group Robertson (Initial Tractor Group) order of battle section
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official order of battle for the Kwajalein assault lists this hull among the twelve LCIs of Task Group Robertson (Initial Tractor Group, Capt. Armand J. Robertson) under Comdr. Michael J. Malanaphy: 'LCI's 457 (F), 82, 345, 346, 347, 348, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 455' - placing LCI(L)-452 at the Marshall Islands operation, 31 January-February 1944, while still an LCI(L) (gunboat conversion came 15 June 1944).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-01-31 to 1944-02-08
- Population
- Crew and embarked troops, Marshall Islands operation (1944-01-31 to 1944-02-08)
- Limitations
- Order-of-battle listing only - establishes the hull's assigned presence at the operation, not individual action detail or any material condition aboard. NHHC lists the craft generically as 'LCI's'; the gunboat redesignation postdates this operation. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-03
-
[5]U.S. Marine Corps historical monograph FMFRP 12-109-II, The Amphibians Came to Conquer, Vol. II, Ch. XXI (Saipan-Tinian-Guam) - Northern Attack Force order of battle, TU 52.6.5 Gunboat Support Group (verbatim transcription via HyperWar/ibiblio) [other_primary]
- Locator
- actc-21.html, TU 52.6.5 Gunboat Support Group / Gunboat Support Unit Able
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official USMC order of battle for the Saipan operation lists 'LCI-452, Lieutenant (jg) R. J. Van Dragt, USNR' in Gunboat Support Unit Able (Lieutenant Commander Robert Eikel, USNR) of the Gunboat Support Group (Commander M. J. Malanaphy), TU 52.6.5 - placing the hull in the Marianas gunboat-support role as of June-July 1944, consistent with her 15 June 1944 redesignation to LCI(G)-452.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-06-15 to 1944-07-28
- Population
- Crew, Marianas operation (1944-06-15 to 1944-07-28)
- Limitations
- Order-of-battle listing only - establishes assigned presence and the commanding officer of record at Saipan, not action detail or material conditions. CO of record here (Van Dragt) differs from the commissioning CO (Croskey) and the 1 May 1945 fleet listing (Crosbey) - see gaps. Transcription via HyperWar; the marines.mil original PDF was not directly fetchable in this session. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-04
-
[6]NHHC, Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual (Rev. 1953), Part 2 Unit Awards - Navy Unit Commendation to LCI(G) Flotilla 3, Amphibious Forces, Pacific Fleet, unit roster includes 'USS LCI (G) 452'; full SecNav Forrestal citation text transcribed at NavSource LCI(G) Flotilla Three page [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- pt2-unit-awards.html, entry 'LCI (G) Flotilla 3' (unit roster item 'USS LCI (G) 452'); citation text at https://www.navsource.net/archives/10/15/15000031.htm
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official unit-awards roster places USS LCI(G)-452 inside LCI(G) Flotilla Three's Navy Unit Commendation for 'outstanding heroism in action in support of amphibious landings' at Kwajalein and Eniwetok (Marshalls) and Saipan, Guam and Tinian (Marianas), 31 January-28 July 1944 - the flotilla preceded assault waves to deliver rocket and gunfire at close range against beach defenses and suffered damage and casualties under Japanese gunfire.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-01-31 to 1944-07-28
- Population
- LCI(G) Flotilla Three ships' companies (1944-01-31 to 1944-07-28)
- Limitations
- Unit-level award to the flotilla roster, not an individual commendation of this hull's own action detail; the citation period predates this hull's 15 June 1944 gunboat redesignation - she served the Marshalls portion as LCI(L)-452 - and the roster lists members by their later LCI(G) designations. Describes combat operations only; no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-05
-
[7]NHHC, United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945 - LCI Flotilla THREE, LCI Group 7, LCI Division 14 (G) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- us-pacific-fleet-organization-1may1945.html, LCI Flotilla THREE > LCI GROUP 7 > LCI DIVISION 14 (G)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official fleet organization as of 1 May 1945 carries this hull as 'LCI 452, Lt. (jg) R. O. Crosbey (USNR)' in LCI Division 14 (G), LCI Group 7 (Lt. Cdr. J. F. McFadden), LCI Flotilla THREE (Comdr. M. J. Malanaphy / Comdr. R. Eikel, Jr., USNR) - placing her in the Okinawa-area amphibious establishment during the Okinawa Gunto operation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Population
- Crew, Okinawa Gunto operation (1945-05-01 listing)
- Limitations
- Administrative order-of-battle listing only - establishes assignment and commanding officer as of 1 May 1945, not individual action or material condition. NavSource names her intermediate echelon 'LCI Group One' rather than Group 7 - discrepancy carried in gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-06
-
[8]DANFS, Wesson (DE-184) - Okinawa service narrative, 7 April 1945 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Wesson, paragraph beginning 'On 7 April, Wesson relieved Sterett'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS records that on 7 April 1945 USS Wesson (DE-184) relieved Sterett (DD-407) north of Ie Shima and the Motobu Peninsula 'and took station screening LCI-452 and LCI-558' - placing this hull on a picket/anti-suicide-boat station off northern Okinawa during the massed kamikaze attacks of 6-7 April 1945 (a kamikaze struck Wesson amidships that morning, killing five and wounding 25).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-04-07
- Population
- Crew on picket station north of Ie Shima (1945-04-07)
- Limitations
- Placement of this hull is incidental to Wesson's own history - it establishes station and escort assignment, not events aboard LCI-452 itself. The NHHC transcription renders the hull number 'LCI-U52' (transcription garble); HistoryCentral's copy of the same DANFS text reads 'LCI-452', and the station/stationmate context corroborates the reading. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-07
-
[9]USS Landing Craft Infantry National Association, ELSIE ITEM newsletter #82 (May 2013) - crew memoir of J. MacPherson 'Mac' Munk, LCI(G)-452 [museum_official]
- Locator
- ELSIEITEM-82-May-2013.pdf, Munk article; cf. https://www.amphibiousforces.org/News/2022JuneELSIEDeckLog(117).pdf
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A named-crew memoir records LCI(G)-452 underway northwest of Okinawa when a kamikaze made a suicide dive at the ship; the skipper's evasive maneuver (reversed right propeller, hard turn) caused the plane to splash a few feet off the stern - the crew recovered the pilot's body and a white scarf, later traced to pilot Shoichi Yasui of Bansei airfield, launched 7 April 1945. Consistent with the DANFS-documented picket station and kamikaze raid of that date; the Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum newsletter (June 2022) separately reprints an LCI(G)-561 log noting LCI(G)-452 off its starboard bow at Okinawa in April 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-04-07
- Population
- Crew aboard LCI(G)-452 (1945-04-07)
- Limitations
- Veteran-association memoir, not an official record - published recollection decades after the event; no damage to the hull is claimed (near-miss). Munk's casual 'all 30 crewmembers' differs from NavSource's documented LCI(G) complement of 5 officers + 65 enlisted - headcount aboard at that moment unknown. Corroborative context only; no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-08
-
[10]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications for this hull (two sets of 4 GM diesels, no steam plant); LCI-351-class all-welded steel diesel craft design; Navy-era insulation practice documented at program level by GAO HRD-80-2 (see ev-10) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; GAO HRD-80-2 product description
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1943-built diesel landing craft sits inside the Navy's asbestos-use era, but its plant profile changes the pathway: with no boilers or steam lines, era-consistent asbestos applications aboard were limited to diesel exhaust/muffler lagging, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, valve and flange gaskets, machinery packing, and electrical/cable insulation - smaller-scale than the boiler/turbine systems of steam combatants but present throughout a confined 158-foot hull.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- Construction trades (New Jersey Shipbuilding, 1943); crew (1943-c.1946); disposal-custody handlers (1948)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-452/LCI(G)-452. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; no manufacturer attribution; does not establish that asbestos remains aboard any surviving structure (none is known - hull disposed 1948).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-09
-
[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, modified 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place for decades unless a yard period disturbed it.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; GAO fieldwork was at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, not this craft's builder or bases - and the policy period (1975-79) postdates this hull's 1948 disposal, so it bounds only the installation-era and persistence context, not anything specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403) - description via product page.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-10
-
[12]Batch-5169 search ledger (this record): NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF; NavSource navsource.net hull page and LCI(G) Flotilla Three page; NHHC online reading room (Kwajalein OOB, Pacific Fleet organization 1 May 1945, Awards Manual Pt. 2, DANFS Wesson); uboat.net Allied Warships; MARAD vessel-history database; USS LCI National Association / Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum publications; CourtListener API v4 [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-452-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-452-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, work package, museum record, or case naming LCI(L)-452 / LCI(G)-452 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The authenticated CourtListener opinion-index search returned zero hits for all three hull designations; the RECAP docket index could not be queried (fleet pacing stand-down) - docket-level coverage is a logged access gap, not a negative result.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - wartime small-craft construction and maintenance left few surviving material records, and the hull's 1948 disposal predates ACM-handling disclosure regimes. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-452-11