Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-454 ex USS LCI(L)-454 - identity chain, construction, conversion, campaign table, awards, specifications, disposal (history attributed on-page to Mr. Paul Harig and USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150454.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, disposal line
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LCI(L)-351 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 5 July 1943 at New Jersey Shipbuilding Corporation, Barber, N.J.; launched 25 August 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-454 on 2 September 1943 at Barber, N.J., LTjg. James Marzano USNR in command; converted to a Close-in Fire Support Vessel at San Diego, CA. and redesignated Landing Craft Infantry (Guns) LCI(G)-454, 15 June 1944; assigned Asiatic-Pacific Theater, LCI(G) Flotilla Three, LCI Group One, LCI Division Fourteen; campaigns - Marianas (Saipan 15 June - 28 July 1944, Tinian 24 - 28 July 1944), Western Caroline Islands (southern Palaus 6 September - 14 October 1944), Okinawa Gunto (26 March - 30 June 1945); reconfigured as LCI(L) 7 October 1945 at Pearl Harbor with additional duties in the Philippines; decommissioned 3 July 1946 at San Diego; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; sold 24 January 1947, fate unknown; earned four battle stars plus Navy Unit Commendation as member of LCI(G) Flotilla 3 (31 January - 28 July 1944). Specs: 246 t. light / 264 t. landing / 419 t. loaded; 158' 5.5" length, 23' 3" beam; 16 kts max; complement LCI(L) 4 officers/24 enlisted, LCI(G) 5/65; propulsion two sets of 4 GM diesels, 4 per shaft, 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (1943); crew 1943-1946; San Diego/San Pedro conversion yard workers (Feb-Jun 1944); Pearl Harbor re-conversion workers (Oct 1945)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; contains no asbestos or material content. NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates track official records but rest on the cited Turner Publishing history; stricken date not documented ('date unknown'). The 15 June 1944 LCI(G) redesignation date and the chronology's 25 February 1944 physical-conversion start (ev-02) describe the same (G) conversion at different milestones.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-01
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[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-454 ex USS LCI(L)-454 - ship chronology (revised 7-1-92) transcribed from ship's records, plus officer matrix and enlisted ship's-company table [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150454c.htm full chronology block and officer matrix
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Ship's chronology transcribed for this hull: commissioned 09-02-43 Barber, N.J.; Pier 42 NYC to Little Creek/Norfolk/Solomons Md. 09-20-43; Key West/Guantanamo/Colon C.Z. 11-14-43; Balboa/Corinto to San Diego transporting troops 12-05-43; San Pedro 02-15-44; conversion to Close In Fire Support Vessel (G) 02-25-44, complement raised 25 to 53 men (BuPers dispatch 191925); San Pedro to Pearl Harbor 03-08-44; Kwajalein staging 03-31-44; D-Day Saipan 06-15-44; D-Day Tinian 07-24-44; staging Saipan/Eniwetok/Tulagi to Palaus; 08-07-44 line reading 'Transit equator, D-Day Peleliu'; 'D-Day Angaur' 09-17-44; Palau to Ulithi 10-01-44; Ulithi to Leyte staging for Okinawa 02-24-45; D-Day Kerama Retto 03-26-45; D-Day Okinawa 04-01-45; Ie Shima 04-16-45; Okinawa to Pearl Harbor 06-14-45; re-conversion to LCI(L) 10-07-45, authorized complement 28; Pearl Harbor to Guam transporting 21 Marines 10-19-45; Guam to Subic Bay 12-08-45 with Army/Marine inter-island transport (Manila, Tacloban, Cebu, Panay, Palawan, Mindanao, Mindoro, Luzon, Samar); Guam-Wake-Pearl Harbor 04-24-46; Pearl Harbor to San Diego 05-23-46; decommissioned San Diego 07-03-46. Officer matrix: Marzano (CO to 11-01-44), Karp (to 02-12-45), Rosenberg (to 10-46), Gygax; commissioning crew 3 officers/24 enlisted; enlisted complement peaked at 65 authorized (09-44 - 07-45), 28 after re-conversion.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Crew 1943-1946 (24-28 enlisted as LCI(L), ~53-65 as LCI(G)); embarked Army/Marine passengers Philippine transport period Dec 1945 - Apr 1946
- Limitations
- Chronology is a transcription of ship's records hosted on NavSource (revised 7-1-92; compiled by USS LCI National Association contributors) - ship-provenance primary data at secondary hosting; individual voyage dates not independently reverified against the physical logs. The 'D-Day Peleliu' entry dated 08-07-44 is internally ambiguous against the campaign-table window (southern Palaus 6 September - 14 October 1944); carried as written. Contains no asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-02
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[3]NARA Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 - 'Ships by Signal Number Designation' listing (official NARA publication PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 17, row 'LCI(L)(G)-454 9/2/1943 6/30/1945' (verified via pdftotext extraction 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Special List 44 records National Archives deck-log holdings for this hull under 'LCI(L)(G)-454' covering 9/2/1943 - 6/30/1945 (PDF page 17). These are log-coverage dates for physical RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel) holdings, not commissioning/decommissioning bounds. The hull's deck logs are not among those digitized in the National Archives Catalog (checked against NARA's 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' list, which contains no LCI-series entries).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-09-02 to 1945-06-30 (log coverage)
- Population
- Crew and embarked personnel recorded in logs, 1943-1945
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: establishes that deck logs exist at NARA for 9/2/1943 - 6/30/1945, not their content. Whether the logs contain any asbestos-relevant entries (yard availabilities, repair notes) is unknown without pulling them. Log coverage ends 6/30/1945 while the ship served to 3 July 1946 - post-June-1945 log coverage is not shown in this listing. Cited designation 'LCI(L)(G)-454' is NARA's combined labeling for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-03
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[4]Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945 - Landing Ships and Craft (ibiblio HyperWar transcription of the official U.S. Navy vessel listing) [other_primary]
- Locator
- ships-lc.html, 'LCI(G) -- Landing Craft, Infantry (Gunboat)' table row LCI(G)-454; LCI(L)-1 class spec block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official wartime-era U.S. Navy vessel listing names this hull as LCI(G)-454, commissioned 1944-45, in the Landing Craft, Infantry (Gunboat) table - confirming the LCI(L)-to-LCI(G) conversion trail. Class-level specifications listed: LCI(G) 387 t. full load, 160'4", 8 GM diesels, twin screws, converted from LCI(L) 'for close-in fire support of landing operations'; LCI(L)-1 class '2 sets G.M. diesel engines; twin variable-pitch screws, 1600 BHP'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945 (listing window)
- Population
- Crew (gunboat complement 5 officers/65 enlisted per listing)
- Limitations
- Transcription mirror (ibiblio HyperWar) of an official USN publication - content is authoritative, hosting is secondary. Names the hull under its gunboat designation only (the LCI(L) section does not carry a 454 row). Contains no asbestos or material content. Class specs are for the type, not measured for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-04
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[5]Library of Congress, HAER No. AK-52 (M/V Husky II, ex-USS LCI(L)-653), written historical and descriptive data - New Jersey Shipbuilding Corporation documentation [haer]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 written data pp. 2-5 (builder history, LCI(L) context), p. 8 (conversion insulation note)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official HAER documentation (for sister hull LCI(L)-653, same builder) of this hull's construction yard: New Jersey Shipbuilding Corporation, Barber, New Jersey, was incorporated in 1942 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Barber Asphalt Corporation, leasing the idled Perth Amboy asphalt plant on Arthur Kill and converting it into an LCI(L) yard; eventually managed by Todd Shipyards Corporation, it employed about 2,500 workers and produced 375 LCI(L)s during the war, building hulls LCI(L) 239-318, 423-657, 782-821, and 866-884 - a range that includes 454. The report documents wartime prefabricated-section assembly methods for the type. Zero asbestos mentions anywhere in the HAER text (checked 2026-09-30).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (yard/LCI program)
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (~2,500 workers, 1942-1945)
- Limitations
- Sister-hull HAER report, not a hull-454 record - documents the builder yard and LCI(L) construction program, not materials aboard 454. The yard-range claim (423-657) corroborates New Jersey Shipbuilding as builder of this hull. The report's only insulation mention (spray-on/spray-foam insulation) is post-Navy fishing-tender conversion work in the mid-1980s on LCI(L)-653 - not Navy-era, not asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-05
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[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) - product page and full report (26 pp.) incl. embedded Navy correspondence cataloging shipboard asbestos applications [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2 product-page highlights; full-report letter B-163375 (pp. 1-2, enclosure listing shipboard applications; Ser 454D/318571 attachment, 8 Feb 1979)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented Navy-wide asbestos use aboard ships spanning this hull's construction and service era. Per the embedded Navy correspondence: 'all ships contain some asbestos in such components as clutches and electric cables'; thermal insulation 'for machinery, equipment and piping systems has been the major application of asbestos'; and non-insulation shipboard uses included piping-system gaskets and packing, electrical resistors and electronic equipment, deck tiling, galley-range cabling, and equipment brakes and clutches - 'it is nearly impossible to build a Navy ship free of the mineral.' Product specifications for thermal insulation were changed to asbestos-free in 1973; the October 1975 policy limited removal to damaged insulation, modified January 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas. Some ships were still delivered with asbestos insulation as late as May 1978.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1975-1979 (report); era context 1943-1946 for this hull
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (Long Beach, Norfolk fieldwork); Navy-wide program context
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation: GAO fieldwork was Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards (1977-79) - not this hull or its builder, and not amphibious craft specifically. The Navy's own catalog of applications establishes era/shipboard use, not presence aboard LCI(L)-454; does not establish quantity, individual exposure, or present-day presence. gao.gov blocks direct automated fetch (HTTP 403 confirmed 2026-09-30); full text retrieved via Firecrawl proxy fetch this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-06
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[7]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (two sets of 4 GM diesels, 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers - no steam plant); official USN 1940-45 listing class specs (8 GM diesels); the Navy's catalog of shipboard asbestos applications inside GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-06); HAER AK-52 yard documentation (ev-05) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; ships-lc.html class spec blocks; GAO HRD-80-2 enclosure (shipboard applications); NavSource chronology conversion entries
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1943-built diesel landing craft sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era: thermal-insulation specs did not go asbestos-free until 1973, and the Navy stated in 1979 that all ships contained some asbestos in such components as clutches and electric cables, with piping gaskets/packing, electrical/electronic components, deck materials, and galley cabling among the standard applications. For a diesel-powered LCI the era-standard applications are engine and exhaust lagging, machinery insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation - not boiler or turbine lagging (no steam plant). The Feb-June 1944 gunboat conversion at San Pedro/San Diego and Oct 1945 Pearl Harbor re-conversion are yard-work periods consistent with era disturbance of such materials.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (1943); San Pedro/San Diego conversion yard workers (1944); Pearl Harbor re-conversion workers (1945); crew 1943-1946
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for this hull. Names era-standard Navy shipboard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; no manufacturer attribution. Diesel plant removes the steam-boiler pathway but does not remove the gaskets/packing/electrical/lagging pathways documented Navy-wide.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-07
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[8]Batch-5171 search ledger (this record): NavSource main + chronology pages; NARA Special List 44 (ship-number PDF p.17); NARA digitized-deck-log list; NHHC DANFS (no entry); Naval Vessel Register (no entry - pre-dates coverage); GAO HRD-80-2 full text; LOC HAER AK-52; ibiblio HyperWar official listing; CourtListener opinion API (partial - fleet pacing); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-454 / LCI(G)-454 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener returned zero hits for every query run: '"LCI(L)-454"', '"LCI(G)-454"', '"LCI-454"', and '"LCI 454" asbestos' on the opinion index (type=o), and '"LCI(L)-454"' and '"LCI(G)-454" OR "LCI-454"' on the RECAP docket index (type=r) - a clean negative across name variants and both indexes. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case; the only 'asbestos aboard' material is law-firm marketing listicle content asserting asbestos without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The CourtListener negative covers opinion and docket indexes for the documented name forms only - unindexed filings, MDL-875 attachment lists, and state-court pleadings are outside it. Deck logs (9/1943-6/1945) and any 1947 sale/disposal records are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-454-lcil454-08