USS LCI(L)-46

Evidence

11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).

1. [1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-46 ex USS LCI(L)-46 (page 10/15/150046) - build timeline, specifications, campaign credits, unit assignments, disposal chain [other_primary]

   Locator

   NavSource 150046.htm header block, Europe-Africa-Middle East campaigns table, Flotilla/Group/Division block, specifications block, photo captions

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 4 November 1942 at New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, NJ; launched 8 December 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-46 on 9 February 1943. Assigned to both the Europe-Africa-Middle East and Asiatic-Pacific Theaters. Credited EAME campaigns: Sicilian occupation (9-15 Jul 1943), Salerno landings (9-21 Sep 1943), West Coast of Italy operations - Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings (22 Feb-1 Mar 1944), Invasion of southern France (15 Aug-16 Sep 1944). Reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Guns) LCI(G)-46 on 15 July 1945. In the Asiatic-Pacific Theater came under LCI Flotilla Thirty-Seven (LCDR J. W. Detwiler, USNR), LCI Group One Hundred Ten (LT G. A. Lyons), LCI Division Two Hundred Twenty; performed occupation service in the Far East Theater 24 October-14 November 1945. Decommissioned December 1946; struck from the Naval Register 13 December 1946; earned four battle stars; transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 29 January 1948; final disposition unknown. Spec block: 246 t. light / 264 t. landing / 419 t. loaded; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; LCI(L) complement 4 officers, 24 enlisted; LCI(G) complement 5 officers, 65 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted; propulsion two sets of 4 GM 6051-series-71 diesels (4 per shaft), GM reduction gear, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp; two 30 kW diesel-drive ship's service generators. Photographic record includes an engine-room photo by Ken Vinton, former engineering officer of LCI-46 (USS LCI National Association newsletter 'The Elsie Item', March 2001), and a US Navy photo (Commandant 1st Naval District) of LCI(G)-46 moored at Lawley & Sons Shipyard, Boston, in 1946 for post-WWII decommissioning. History source credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II (Turner Publishing, 1995).

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1942-1948

   Population

   NYSB construction trades (Nov 1942-Feb 1943); crew and embarked troops (1943-46); conversion-yard workers (Jul 1945, yard unidentified); MARAD disposition handlers (1948)

   Limitations

   NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track official records and here are corroborated by uboat.net and shipbuildinghistory. Contains no asbestos content. The Lawley & Sons decommissioning detail comes from a photo caption, not a yard-work record. NavSource's spec-block figures are class-level, not hull-measured.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-01

2. [2]National Archives, Special List #44 - List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (by Ship Number), PDF p.31 [other_primary]

   Locator

   sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 31, row 'LCI-46 12/1/1943 6/30/1945'; RG 24 Entry 118, NAID 581208

   Finding type

   historical_record

   Finding

   NARA's Special List #44 by-ship-number inventory lists deck logs for 'LCI-46' covering 12/1/1943 through 6/30/1945. These logbooks are part of Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel (Record Group 24, Entry 118, National Archives Identifier 581208), held at the National Archives at College Park, MD.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   archival_lead

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1943-1945 (log coverage); inventory as compiled

   Population

   Crew of LCI(L)-46 (Dec 1943-Jun 1945)

   Limitations

   Log-coverage dates are an inventory of physical logbook holdings, not commissioning or decommissioning dates - commissioning (9 Feb 1943) predates log coverage and post-coverage service (through Dec 1946 decommissioning) is documented by other sources. The logs are physical records; no ship-titled deck-log file unit for this hull surfaced in a rendered NARA catalog search. Log contents (weather, position, personnel, drills) have not been examined; deck logs rarely contain materiel information.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-02

3. [3]NHHC 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945' landing-craft section (HyperWar/ibiblio transcription) [nhhc_danfs]

   Locator

   ships-lc.html, LCI(L) subsection row 'LCI(L)-46' and LCI(G) subsection row 'LCI(G)-46'

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   The Navy's 1940-45 ship list (NHHC text transcribed by HyperWar) carries 'LCI(L)-46' in the LCI(L) table with service dates '1942-44' and separately carries 'LCI(G)-46' in the LCI(G) Landing Craft Infantry (Gunboat) table - corroborating this hull's documented reclassification to a gunboat conversion late in the war.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1942-1945

   Population

   Crew (wartime)

   Limitations

   Compilation covers only the 1940-45 window; the LCI(L) row's '1942-44' bracket and the LCI(G) table's generic '1944-45' bracket are coarse ranges, not exact service endpoints - NavSource and uboat.net give the reclassification date as 15 July 1945. No post-war detail and no asbestos/material content. Secondary transcription of an official NHHC list page.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-03

4. [4]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII, USS LCI(L)-46 (ship 20874) - data table [other_primary]

   Locator

   ship/20874.html data table and History field

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   uboat.net lists for this hull: ordered 3 June 1942; built by New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden NJ; laid down 4 Nov 1942; launched 8 Dec 1942; commissioned 9 Feb 1943; history note 'Reclassified as LCI(G), Landing Craft Guns, on 15 July 1945'. No commanding-officer or notable-event task-unit listings are published for this hull.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1942-1945

   Population

   Crew (1943-45 service)

   Limitations

   Privately compiled wartime-history database, not an official registry; it corroborates milestones and the LCI(G) reclassification date against NavSource and shipbuildinghistory. Contains no asbestos content.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-04

5. [5]shipbuildinghistory.com (Tim Colton), LCI(L) construction table [other_primary]

   Locator

   shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/lcil.htm, LCI(L) table, row for hull 46

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   The LCI(L) construction table carries the row 'LCI(L) | G | 46 | New York SB | Camden NJ | 9-Feb-43 | To NDRF 1948' - corroborating builder (New York Shipbuilding, Camden), the 9 February 1943 commissioning, the conversion to LCI(G) (type column 'G'), and transfer to the National Defense Reserve Fleet in 1948.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1942-1948

   Population

   NYSB construction trades; NDRF custody handlers

   Limitations

   Independently compiled construction table, not an official registry; consistent with NavSource and uboat.net on all overlapping fields. 'To NDRF 1948' summarizes the 29 January 1948 Maritime Commission transfer; no post-NDRF fate is recorded. Contains no asbestos content.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-05

6. [6]NARA Catalog: WWII War Diaries series (NAID 4697018) ship-titled file units for LCI(L)-46; Anzio and Southern France action reports; muster rolls [other_primary]

   Locator

   catalog.archives.gov search 'LCI(L)-46' (103 file-unit results, rendered); record pages catalog.archives.gov/id/633432185, /id/78301342, /id/134357995, /id/120162745 (all live, HTTP 200)

   Finding type

   historical_record

   Finding

   A rendered NARA catalog search for 'LCI(L)-46' surfaced an unusually complete ship-titled record set, most file units digitized. War diaries (RG 38, WWII War Diaries series): Nov 1943 (NAID 78239855, Roll A762), 12/27-31/43 (NAID 78242932, A765), Jan 1944 (NAID 78296347, A817), Feb 1944 (NAID 78327400, A850), Mar 1944 (NAID 78371021, A901), 4/27-5/31/44 (NAID 78469778, A1005), Jun 1944 (NAID 78526378, A1055), Jul 1944 (NAID 78581595, A1105), 8/1-10/31/44 (NAID 78646130, A1226), Nov 1944 (NAID 78694803, A1275), 12/1/44-2/28/45 (NAID 139898632, A1437), Apr 1945 (NAID 633432185, A1597), May 1945 (NAID 633441689, A1627), Jun 1945 (NAID 101726382, A1726). Action reports: 'Act Rep, Amphibious Ops During Landings near Cape D'Anzio, Italy, 1/20/44-2/4/44' (NAID 78301342, Roll A822) - documenting Anzio-area operations preceding her credited 22 Feb-1 Mar 1944 advanced-landings window - and 'Rep of Ops, 8/10-25/44, Invasion of Southern France' (NAID 134357995, Roll A1153), which overlaps her credited 15 Aug-16 Sep 1944 invasion window. Muster rolls: 'LCI(L) 46 - Muster Rolls' (NAID 120162745, RG 24).

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   archival_lead

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1943-1945

   Population

   Crew of LCI(L)-46/LCI(G)-46 (Nov 1943-Jun 1945); embarked troops at Anzio and southern France

   Limitations

   Catalog title search surfaces file-unit descriptions; contents have not been examined for this record and war diaries/action reports rarely contain materiel information. Coverage gaps in the surfaced series (e.g., no Aug-Sep 1943 or Mar 1945 unit in first-page results) reflect the catalog's rendered results set, not proven absence - additional months may be filed under variant titles. Digitized status noted from 'Online Resource' markers on inspected record pages.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-06

7. [7]Selikoff IJ, Nicholson WJ, Lilis R. 'Radiological evidence of asbestos disease among ship repair workers.' Am J Ind Med. 1980;1(1):9-22. PMID 7342758 [other_primary]

   Locator

   PMID 7342758 abstract (verified via NCBI efetch and live PubMed page); shipyards.json yard_id new-york-shipbuilding product list

   Finding type

   asbestos_application

   Finding

   Era-level documentation that asbestos was standard shipbuilding material in the period this hull was built: 'significant amounts [of asbestos] were used in vessels constructed before 1975,' and in a cohort of 286 ship-repair workers 86% had radiological evidence of asbestosis. For a 1942 diesel landing craft built at New York Shipbuilding, Camden, era-consistent asbestos applications were engine and exhaust lagging, thermal/acoustic insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical/wire insulation - matching the yard's documented product profile (Atlas yard record new-york-shipbuilding: Pabco Caltemp block, Ehret 85% magnesia, Transite panels, asbestos gaskets, packing, wire insulation, felt insulation, welding-rod coatings). Diesel plant - no boilers or steam turbines aboard, so no steam-plant lagging pathway.

   Verification

   inferred

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1942 construction era and 1945 conversion; study published 1980

   Population

   NYSB construction trades (Nov 1942-Feb 1943); crew (in-service period, inference only); conversion-yard workers (Jul 1945)

   Limitations

   Class/era inference, not a hull finding: no construction itemization, survey, or material sample for this specific hull exists in the public record. The LCI(L) was a small welded-steel craft with a diesel plant - its asbestos load was far lighter than a steam-powered ship's. The Selikoff cohort is ship-repair workers generally (not tied to this yard or hull in the abstract). Does not establish quantity, location, or individual exposure aboard this vessel.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-07

8. [8]GAO HRD-80-2, 'Asbestos: Control of the Hazard...' Navy program-level report on asbestos use in ship construction [gao]

   Locator

   GAO product page HRD-80-2

   Finding type

   gov_survey

   Finding

   GAO's program-level review documents that the U.S. Navy used asbestos insulation extensively in ship construction through the period covering this hull's 1942 build and documents the Navy's developing asbestos-control programs. Provides Navy-wide context for the era in which LCI(L)-46 was built and later converted to LCI(G)-46 (July 1945).

   Verification

   partial

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   report issued 1980; coverage spans WWII-era construction

   Population

   Navy shipyard workforce and crews, era-level

   Limitations

   Program-level document - does not name this hull, this class, or New York Shipbuilding in a way that establishes a hull-level finding. gao.gov returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch on 2026-09-30 (same standing block noted in BATCH-01/BATCH-98); product-page metadata only, full text not re-verified this session.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-08

9. [9]HAER No. OR-180, LCI(L)-713 (Historic American Engineering Record, NPS/LOC) - class-level design and construction description of the LCI(L) type [haer]

   Locator

   or0606data.pdf, HAER OR-180 description and historical-information sections

   Finding type

   historical_record

   Finding

   HAER documentation of the LCI(L) type (via surviving sister LCI(L)-713) describes the class as a Bureau of Ships design built of welded 1/4-inch steel plate, powered by eight General Motors 6-71 diesel engines on two shafts with variable-pitch propellers, carrying 6 officers + 182 enlisted troops, ~1,051 built at ten U.S. shipyards - matching this hull's documented type, plant, and builder program (LCI(L)-46 was one of 48 LCI(L)s New York Shipbuilding built under its FY1940 contract).

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-30

   Study period

   1942-1945 construction program; HAER compiled 2012

   Population

   Class-wide construction trades and crews

   Limitations

   Class documentation written around LCI(L)-713, a later LCI-351-class hull with the modified June-1944 configuration (centerline ramp, cylindrical pilothouse); LCI(L)-46 is the earlier original configuration (bow side ramps, square conning station), later converted to LCI(G) gunboat configuration in July 1945. HAER's '~1,051 ships of its type' conflicts with the commonly cited 923-hull build count - production totals differ by source. Contains no asbestos or insulation-material information whatsoever - it constrains the class design, nothing more.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-09

10. [10]yorkship.org (New York Shipbuilding yard-history site), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) LCI(L)' page [other_primary]

    Locator

    yorkship.org/HTML/landing.htm, LCI(L) section

    Finding type

    historical_record

    Finding

    The New York Shipbuilding yard-history site documents that under a contract let during FY1940, New York Shipbuilding designed and built 48 LCI(L)s in the covered shipway 'O', delivered to the Navy between October 1942 and February 1943 and commissioned as numbers 1 through 48 - placing this hull (No. 46, commissioned 9 Feb 1943) inside that build group at Camden. The same page notes NYSB plans were used by smaller yards (Consolidated Steel, Lawley & Sons, New Jersey Shipbuilding) for the ~900 follow-on hulls.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    context

    Documentation level

    class_or_era

    Accessed

    2026-09-30

    Study period

    1940-1943

    Population

    NYSB trades (1942-43)

    Limitations

    Community/heritage-site compilation, not an official record; used only to corroborate builder and build-group context. Its claim that NYSB 'designed' the class is yard-framing - HAER attributes the design to the Bureau of Ships. Contains no asbestos content.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-10

11. [11]Batch-5177 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS site search; CourtListener API v4 (opinion and RECAP docket indexes); NARA catalog; NavSource; uboat.net; shipbuildinghistory; NVR; secondary web sweeps [other_primary]

    Locator

    search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-14

    Finding type

    historical_record

    Finding

    No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, medical record, or docketed/opinion-level case naming LCI(L)-46 or LCI(G)-46 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener searches across 'LCI(L)-46'/'LCI-46'/'LCI(L) 46'/'LCI(G)-46'/'LSI-46' returned zero opinion hits and one docket hit, a name collision (Goldenberg v. NeoGenomics, S.D.N.Y. 1:22-cv-10314, a securities class action) - no qualifying litigation naming this hull.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    negative_finding

    Documentation level

    ship_specific

    Accessed

    2026-09-30

    Study period

    2026-09-30

    Limitations

    Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era materials are expected in a 1942 hull, but no ship-specific source documents them. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-lci-l-46-lcil46-11