Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
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[1]research packet pi-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LCI(L)-466. Hull 466. Designation: LCI(L). Type/class: LCI(L)-351 class Landing Craft Infantry.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-pkt-pi-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-466 ex USS LCI(L)-466 - timeline, campaign table, awards, specifications, commanding-officer roster (history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150466.htm - header block, awards block, campaign table, specifications block, commanding-officers table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 7 August 1943 at New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., Barber, N.J.; launched 15 September 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-466, 22 September 1943 (commissioning ceremony photographed at the builder's yard); reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Gunboat) LCI(G)-466, 15 June 1944. Assigned Asiatic-Pacific Theater: LCI(G) Flotilla Six (CDR A. R. Montgomery USN), LCI Group Seventeen (LCDR C. F. Robinson USNR), LCI Division Thirty-Three. Campaigns: Marianas operation - capture and occupation of Guam, 21 July - 15 August 1944; Iwo Jima operation - assault and occupation, 17-19 February 1945. Decommissioned 8 February 1946; struck from the Naval Register 5 June 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission 11 February 1948 for disposal; final disposition unknown. Awards: two battle stars; Presidential Unit Citation for operations at Iwo Jima 17 February 1945; Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive, Iwo Jima 17-21 Feb 1945); Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp). Navy Cross to LT. James J. Horovitz USNR, CO LCI(G)-466. CO roster: ENS Harvey L. Carey USNR (22 Sep - 16 Oct 1943); LTjg James J. Horovitz USNR (16 Oct 1943 - Jun 1945); LTjg Deane A. Webber USNR (Jun - Sep 1945); LTjg William M. Moldoff USNR (Sep 1945 - 8 Feb 1946). Specs: 216 t. light / 234 t. landing / 389 t. loaded; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kts max; propulsion two sets of 4 General Motors diesels, 4 per shaft, 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers; LCI(G) armament two 40mm, four 20mm, six .50cal, ten Mk7 rocket launchers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (1943); LCI(L) crew ~24 and LCI(G) crew ~70 (1943-46); embarked troops (up to 182) per spec
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation (underlying history credited to the Turner Publishing LCI volume), not a primary registry - milestone dates here corroborate and are corroborated by NARA Special List 44 log-coverage dates and the ship's own RG 38 war diary, but the organizational assignments (Flotilla Six / Group Seventeen) conflict with other wartime sources (see gaps). Page verified live 2026-09-30. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-01
-
[3]CINCPACFLT, Report of Operations in Pacific Ocean Areas, September 1944, Part IV Central Pacific - C. Minor Operations, paras. 50-52 (declassified NARA document; scanned copy hosted by NavSource, contributed by William L. Williams) [other_primary]
- Locator
- CINCPACFLT report pages 8-9, paragraphs 50-52 ('LCI(G) Patrol Missions, GUAM')
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary official record naming this hull: 'ships of LCI flotilla 13, Group 37 began a series of patrols along the northeast coast' of Guam after the close-support phase covering the 3rd Marine Division; 'LCI(G)s 466, 469, 471, and 473 took part, basing at APRA Harbor.' The patrols ran August through September 1944 to prevent escape or reinforcement of Japanese forces, support Marines ashore with gunfire, and induce surrenders using intelligence officers, POWs, public-address systems, and banners; 'During the month, the four LCI(G)s took on board 157 prisoners of war.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- August-September 1944
- Population
- LCI(G)-466 crew (~70 as gunboat); Marines supported ashore; Japanese POWs embarked
- Limitations
- Official operational report naming LCI(G)-466 by number for the Guam post-assault patrol phase - ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. Document text gives the unit as 'LCI flotilla 13, Group 37,' which differs from NavSource's Flotilla Six / Group Seventeen assignment - organizational designation conflict carried in gaps. Scanned PDF without text layer; content transcribed via OCR (200/300 dpi), bracketed items verified at higher resolution.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-02
-
[4]Presidential Unit Citation to LCI(G) GROUP EIGHT including the flagship of LCI FLOTILLA THREE for 17 February 1945 Iwo Jima service (citation text transcribed on NavSource; corroborated by Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual - 1953, Part II, via HyperWar) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/15000030.htm (PUC text + linked recipient list incl. LCI(G)-466 -> 150466.htm); ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ref/Awards/Awards-II.html (LCI(G) Group Eight entry)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The PUC recipient list on the citation page includes LCI(G)-466 among the twelve gunboats (346, 348, 438, 441, 449, 450, 455, 466, 469, 471, 473, 474, plus LC(FF)-627). Citation text: gunboats advanced to the 1,000-yard line under 'sporadic fire,' fired barrage rockets, then absorbed 'an hour and a quarter of devastating punishment' from concealed shore batteries while covering UDT beach reconnaissance - guns silenced, fires in ready ammunition, engine rooms flooded, operable ships towing powerless companions clear. Awards Manual corroboration: 'LCI(G) Group Eight: Includes flagship of LCI Flotilla 3 | 17 Feb 45 - Iwo Jima, Volcano Islands.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-17
- Population
- LCI(G) Group Eight crews (~70 per gunboat); UDT swimmers covered
- Limitations
- Unit-level award naming this hull in the recipient list - documents combat exposure and damage conditions aboard the class at Iwo Jima, not any material content. NavSource transcription verified live; corroborated by the official awards-manual transcription at ibiblio.org/hyperwar (verified live 2026-09-30). A published history (Rielly) describes these same ships receiving Navy Unit Commendations - award nomenclature across sources is PUC for the group; see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-03
-
[5]NARA catalog NAID 101706593: 'LCI(G)-466 - War Diary, 3/1-31/45' - RG 38 World War II War Diaries, Other Operational Records and Histories; Micro Serial 129128; digitized diary page read directly [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov/id/101706593; digitized image catalog.archives.gov/medialz/.../A_1706/images/0500.jpg (Micro Serial 129128)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The ship's own war diary for March 1945 (digitized image, transcribed via OCR): 1-3 March moored alongside Pier A-1, Tanapag Harbor, Saipan; 4 March 'LCI(G) 466 was drydocked in AFD-17 Tanapag Harbor, Saipan, M.I. for repairs to skegs and propellers'; 5-19 March 'the ship underwent repairs to battle damage, this work was accomplished by the Small Boat Repair Unit of Saipan while ship was alongside Pier A-1'; 20-23 March anchored Berth L-29 Saipan Harbor; 24-31 March moored Pier A-1, Tanapag Harbor. Documents a post-Iwo Jima battle-damage repair availability aboard this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-03
- Population
- LCI(G)-466 crew; Small Boat Repair Unit of Saipan repair trades (March 1945)
- Limitations
- Ship's own contemporaneous record - the strongest ship-specific documentation available; confirms battle damage sustained and a ~15-day repair availability at Saipan, but specifies no material worked (skegs/propellers underwater; 'battle damage' scope not itemized) and contains no asbestos content. A repair event is a material-disturbance period consistent with era inference only - not evidence of asbestos work aboard. Diary page legible; OCR transcription verified against image.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-04
-
[6]NARA Special List 44, List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 - ship-number section, PDF page 17 [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 17, LCI(L)(G) block - 'LCI(L)(G)-466 9/22/1943 6/30/1945'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Special List 44 (ship-number list, PDF page 17) indexes Navy deck logs held for this hull under 'LCI(L)(G)-466' covering 9/22/1943 - 6/30/1945 - commissioning through the list's coverage cutoff. Log-coverage dates corroborate the NavSource commissioning date (22 Sep 1943) to the day.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-09-22 to 1945-06-30 (log coverage indexed)
- Limitations
- Archival lead, not content: establishes that deck logs exist for this hull in NARA custody (paper/microfilm series); the logs themselves are not digitized in the public catalog and their content is not asserted here. Coverage ending 6/30/1945 reflects the list's coverage window - later logs (Jul 1945 - Feb 1946, covering Okinawa-era, occupation, and decommissioning) are not in this listing and may exist in other accessions. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-05
-
[7]NARA catalog NAID 77483963: 'LCI(G)-466 - Rep of opers in the invasion of Guam Island, Marianas, 7/21-28/44' - National Archives at College Park, Micro Serial 139048 (metadata via DPLA/Digital Pasifik). Published bibliography (Rielly, American Amphibious Gunboats in WWII, McFarland) additionally cites 'USS LCI(G) 466, Action Report of September 1944, 5 October 1944' in the same RG 38 series. [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov/id/77483963; digitalpasifik.org/items/387935; erenow.org Rielly text notes (ch. notes item 26)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The ship's action reports survive in NARA custody: the Guam invasion report (7/21-28/44, Micro Serial 139048, NAID 77483963) is cataloged, and the published literature cites a September 1944 action report (5 October 1944) covering the post-assault patrol period documented in ev-02. These are the hull's primary operational records - archival leads for any future research on work conditions, damage, or repairs.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 (report coverage)
- Limitations
- Archival lead: catalog metadata verified for NAID 77483963; the September 1944 report is verified only to the level of its published citation (Rielly notes, note 26 to the Guam chapter) - neither document's content is asserted beyond its cataloged title. Microfilm-era records; digitization status varies by NAID. No asbestos content located in or expected from these records' metadata.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-06
-
[8]Historic American Engineering Record HAER No. OR-180, LCI(L)-713 (Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum, Portland, OR) - LCI-351 class documentation, Library of Congress [haer]
- Locator
- HAER OR-180 data pages (loc.gov/pnp/habshaer/or/or0600/or0606)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Government documentation of this hull's class: the LCI-351 class was a Bureau of Ships design of welded 1/4-inch steel plate, 158'5.5" x 23'3", ~387-389 t loaded, 16 kt, propelled by eight General Motors 6-71 diesel engines (matching NavSource's 'two sets of 4 GM diesels, 4 per shaft' for this hull). Establishes the all-diesel, steel-hull construction baseline for the type - no steam plant, small confined machinery spaces.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (class construction era)
- Population
- LCI-351-class construction trades (various yards, 1943-44); crews
- Limitations
- Class documentation (recorded vessel is LCI(L)-713, a Lawley-built sister; this hull was built by New Jersey Shipbuilding) - design-level, not hull-specific. The HAER record contains NO asbestos content: material composition of insulation, gaskets, or packing is not documented for the class here. Any asbestos statement remains inference.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-07
-
[9]Robin L. Rielly, American Amphibious Gunboats in World War II: A History of LCI and LCS(L) Ships in the Pacific (McFarland, 2013), Iwo Jima chapter (accessed via erenow.org mirror; footnotes cite the ships' own NARA action reports) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Rielly, Iwo Jima chapter - TU assignments; Jirka aboard 466 passage; 473 relief passage; casualty summary; Navy Cross list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Published operational history anchored in the ships' NARA action reports: LCI(G)-466 was in Task Unit 52.5.1 (LCI(G)s 450, 466, 469, 471, 473, 474, LCI(FF)-627) under CDR Michael J. Malanaphy, assigned Red Beach; departed Saipan 13 February 1945; on 17 February she was in Fire-support Unit Able (TU 52.4.21) with destroyers Capps, Leutze, Henley and LCI(G)s 450, 466, 473, 474 covering UDT operations. UDT-12's Ensign Frank Jirka Jr. was aboard LCI(G)-466 when a shell struck the bridge area, wounding him; 466 later relieved the crippled LCI(G)-473 at Green Beach. Across the gunboats the day cost 47 dead, 3 missing, 148 wounded; LCI(G)-474 was sunk. LT James J. Horovitz of LCI(G)-466 received the Navy Cross.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-17
- Population
- LCI(G)-466 crew + embarked UDT-12 personnel (Jirka et al.) on 17 Feb 1945
- Limitations
- Secondary literature - included because its narrative is footnoted to the hull's own action reports (NARA RG 38) and its task-organization detail exceeds NavSource's. The erenow.org URL is a mirror; the cited work is the published McFarland monograph. Combat-damage detail corroborates the 'repairs to battle damage' in the ship's March 1945 war diary. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-08
-
[10]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (diesel plant, no steam); HAER OR-180 class construction documentation (welded-steel BuShips design, GM diesels); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era program documentation (see ev-09) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; HAER OR-180; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A welded-steel infantry landing craft built August-September 1943 at a Navy-contract yard sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era. Era-standard asbestos applications aboard a small diesel combatant of this type and period were diesel engine and exhaust-line lagging, gaskets, valve and machinery packing, electrical insulation, and friction materials (winch/windlass brake linings). As an all-diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; the relevant exposure geometry is the small, confined hull volume and the documented battle-damage repair period.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- NJ Shipbuilding construction trades (Aug-Sep 1943); conversion-yard trades (Jun 1944, location undocumented); crew (1943-46); Saipan repair-unit trades (Mar 1945); MARCOM disposal/shipbreaking personnel (post-1948, fate unknown)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, conversion work package, or survey located for LCI(L)-466/LCI(G)-466. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. The June 1944 LCI(G) gunboat conversion location and material scope are undocumented (see gaps) - conversion yards are a known exposure pathway in general but nothing is asserted for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-09
-
[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1943) and service era (1943-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved - gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch (confirmed 2026-09-30); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-10
-
[12]The Elsie Item (USS LCI National Association newsletter), Issue 127, Winter 2024 - oral-history profile of BM Jay C. Rutherford, LCI(G)-466 (interview at the National Pacific War Museum) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Elsie Item Issue 127 (Winter 2024), pp. 15-16 - Rutherford/LCI(G)-466 article text
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Crew oral history for this hull: Rutherford, a boatswain's mate, served aboard LCI(G)-466 - 'attached to Flotilla 16' under Commander Clarence E. Coffin Jr.; at Iwo Jima 17-19 February 1945 the ship was among five LCI(G)s held in relief of the seven gunboats on the beach-recon line and was ordered in to protect the UDT 13/12 beaches, 'firing 40mm guns, with all other guns manned.' After repairs she 'participate[d] in the invasion of Okinawa' from 1 April L-Day 'into July,' witnessing kamikaze attacks (one clipped the mast); after the surrender she was sent to Yokohama for occupation duty.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- LCI(G)-466 crew (Rutherford et al.); Okinawa and Yokohama periods
- Limitations
- Veteran oral history published by the LCI veterans' association - firsthand crew testimony but a secondary retelling decades after the fact; specific claims (Flotilla 16 assignment; Okinawa participation) conflict with or exceed the NavSource/Turner campaign table, which credits only Guam and Iwo Jima (two battle stars). The Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp) in her NavSource awards is consistent with the Yokohama occupation claim. Okinawa service is carried in gaps pending a primary confirmation. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-11
-
[13]Batch-5184 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship and PUC pages; CINCPACFLT September 1944 report (NARA-declassified scan); NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF; NARA catalog NAIDs 101706593 and 77483963; HyperWar awards manual; HAER OR-180 and AK-52; GAO product page; CourtListener API v4 (type=o and type=r); secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS LCI(L)-466 / LCI(G)-466 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener returned zero opinions for 'LCI(L)-466' OR 'LCI(G)-466' and separately for 'USS LCI-466' OR 'LCI 466' OR 'LCI(L)(G)-466', and zero dockets for 'LCI(L)-466' OR 'LCI(G)-466' OR 'LCI-466' (2026-09-30). NHHC holds no DANFS entry for this hull (all candidate URLs 404 - typical for numbered landing craft). NVR holds no entry (disposed 1948; pre-1987 disposals are outside NVR coverage). Secondary sweeps surfaced no law-firm or marketing claims specific to this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1943 combatant construction is era-consistent with asbestos use, and her undigitized deck logs, war diaries, and conversion work package remain open archival leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-466-lcil466-12