Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
-
[1]research packet pj-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LCI(L)-469 | hull: 469 | designation: LCI(L) — Landing Craft Infantry (Large) | type: large landing craft, infantry
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-pkt-pj-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-469 ex USS LCI(L)-469 (1943-1944) - construction, designation, campaign, award, specification, and disposal timeline [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150469.htm - header block, campaign table, awards block, specifications block, disposal lines
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: LCI-351 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large) laid down 15 August 1943 at New Jersey Shipbuilding Co., Barber, N.J.; launched 18 September 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-469, 27 September 1943; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Gunboat) LCI(G)-469, 15 June 1944. Assigned Asiatic-Pacific Theater, LCI Flotilla Three (CDR M.J. Malanaphy), Group Eight (LCDR Nash); campaigns: Marianas operation - capture and occupation of Guam, 14 July to 15 August 1944; Iwo Jima operation - assault and occupation, 17 to 19 February 1945. Occupation service in the Far East 2 to 22 September 1945. Decommissioned and struck, dates unknown; transferred to the Maritime Commission 2 September 1947 for disposal; final disposition fate unknown. Awards: two battle stars, Presidential Unit Citation for Iwo Jima 17 February 1945, Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive), American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, WWII Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp). Specifications: 216 t. light / 234 t. landing / 389 t. loaded; 158' 5.5" x 23' 3"; 16 kts max; complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted (LCI(L)), 5 officers + 65 enlisted (LCI(G)); armament as (G): two 40mm, four 20mm, six .50cal, ten Mk7 rocket launchers; propulsion two sets of four GM 6051-series-71 diesels, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (1943); ship's company (1943-46); embarked troops (LCI(L) configuration)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-compiled secondary archive, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track NVR/DANFS practice but are not independently verified here; the page states its history source is 'USS LCI Landing Craft Infantry, Vol. II' (Turner Publishing, 1995). Decommission and struck dates are explicitly unknown. No asbestos content. One photo caption labels the hull 'LCI(L)-469' off Tinian on 13 February 1945, nine months after her (G) reclassification - a captioning anachronism, not a designation fact.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-01
-
[3]NARA Special List 44 (by ship number), List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units - deck-log holdings entry for LCI(L)(G)-469 [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 18, row 'LCI(L)(G)-469 | 9/27/1943 | 6/30/1945' (verified by pdftotext extraction this session)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds Navy deck logs for this hull listed under the combined designator 'LCI(L)(G)-469' covering 9/27/1943 - 6/30/1945 (MM/DD/YYYY). These are log-coverage dates, not commissioning or decommissioning dates. Coverage ends before her documented Tokyo Bay presence (2 September 1945) and occupation service - post-June-1945 logs are not in this listing.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Ship's company, 27 Sep 1943 - 30 Jun 1945 (log coverage window)
- Limitations
- Holdings list only - establishes that logs exist and their date span, not their contents; the logs are not among the NARA-digitized deck logs (the public digitized index lists only LCI-874/Kestrel for the type). Physical logs at Archives I; post-6/30/1945 logs would be in later RG 24 accessions - unverified lead.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-02
-
[4]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, 'LCI(G) Group Eight' - Presidential Unit Citation text and unit roster (reproduces the SecNav citation signed by James Forrestal) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/15000030.htm - citation text and linked member-vessel roster
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Presidential Unit Citation was awarded to 'LCI(G) GROUP EIGHT INCLUDING THE FLAGSHIP OF LCI FLOTILLA THREE' for the 17 February 1945 action 'in support of beach reconnaissance by Underwater Demolition Teams at ... Iwo Jima.' The NavSource unit roster explicitly includes LCI(G)-469 among the gunboats of Group Eight plus flagship LC(FF)-627. The citation describes the gunboats absorbing 'an hour and a quarter of devastating punishment' and returning to the firing line after extinguishing fires and evacuating wounded.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-17
- Population
- Ship's company and embarked personnel of LCI(G) Group Eight, 17 Feb 1945
- Limitations
- The PUC is a unit award - it documents that this hull was a member of the cited group, not an individualized finding about this hull alone. Page is a NavSource reproduction of the citation text; the citation itself is the authoritative artifact. NavSource's linked roster prints 'LCI(G)-455' (linking to the 450 page - an evident transcription slip) where the Group 8 action report and NHHC place group flag LCI(G)-457; the discrepancy does not affect this hull's inclusion. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-03
-
[5]NHHC, 'Battle for Iwo Jima' - US Navy Ships Sunk or Badly Damaged By Enemy Action at Iwo Jima (casualty table) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Casualty table, 17 Feb block: 'LCI(G)-469 | Coastal battery | 0 | 7'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC's Iwo Jima casualty table lists LCI(G)-469 among U.S. Navy ships damaged by enemy action on 17 February 1945: cause 'Coastal battery,' 0 killed, 7 wounded - documenting direct combat damage and personnel casualties aboard this hull during the UDT beach-reconnaissance gunboat action.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-17
- Population
- Ship's company (7 wounded), 17 Feb 1945
- Limitations
- Casualty/damage record only - establishes the hull was hit and suffered wounded, not the extent of material damage or any repair scope. No asbestos content; battle damage followed by repair is a potential disturbance pathway for era materials but nothing in this source addresses materials.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-04
-
[6]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, LCI(G)-469 Navy Cross citation page - citation for LT.(j.g.) Gerald Martin Connors, USNR, CO LCI(G)-469, date of action 17 February 1945 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150469a.htm - full Navy Cross citation text
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Navy Cross citation for this hull's commanding officer documents the ship's own action on 17 February 1945: Connors 'penetrated the spreading curtain of devastating gunfire ... to close the beach and deliver a steady barrage ... for more than an hour'; when operational casualties disabled his main battery he 'intensified the rate of fire from his 20-mm. guns'; 'ordered to withdraw ... when fires flared and the 469 began shipping water as a result of enemy gunfire, he effected damage control in a matter of minutes and, voluntarily returning to the firing line, again closed the beach,' continuing despite 'additional hits and increasing personnel casualties.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-17
- Population
- Ship's company under LT.(j.g.) Gerald M. Connors, 17 Feb 1945
- Limitations
- Individual decoration citation reproduced on NavSource - documents ship-level action and material damage (hits, fires, flooding) but is not a damage survey. The reproduced citation text contains the typo 'LCI(G)-369' inside the body; the header and NavSource titling correctly read LCI(G)-469. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-05
-
[7]USS Landing Craft Infantry National Association (usslci.org), 'LCI(G) 474 at Iwo Jima' - reproduces excerpts of the official LCI(G) Group 8 Action Report timeline for 17 February 1945 [other_primary]
- Locator
- usslci.org article - 'Excerpts from the LCI(G) GROUP 8 ACTION REPORT' section; awards paragraph
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The reproduced Group 8 action-report timeline names this hull at four points in the battle: detached at 08:00 as a reserve/unassigned gunboat (with 346, 348, 466, 471); '11:03 - LCI(G) 469 ordered to relieve LCI(G) 449'; '11:35 - LCI(G) 469, having been hit repeatedly was ordered to proceed to capital ship line'; '11:40 - Permission granted LCI(G) 469 to return to the firing line, damage having been brought under control'; '12:04 - LCI(G) 469, the remaining gunboat on the firing line, ordered to go to assistance of LCI(G) 441.' Group Eight roster per the report: 346, 348, 438, 441, 449, 450, 457 (Group Flag), 466, 469, 471, 473, 474, with LC(FF)-627 carrying Flotilla Commander Cdr. M.J. Malanaphy. Article also reproduces the award summary: Navy Crosses to 10 Group Eight officers including 'Lt.(jg) Gerald M. Connors, CO, LCI(G) 469,' with Lt.(jg) Stanley R. Hudgins (LCI(G) 471) awarded at a later date.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-17
- Population
- LCI(G) Group Eight ship's companies, 17 Feb 1945
- Limitations
- Veterans'-association web page reproducing excerpts of the official action report - the underlying document is authoritative but this transcription is secondary and unverified against the original at NARA. Casualty totals in the article (10 gunboats, 201 casualties, 47 fatalities) differ slightly in scope and count from NHHC's H-gram accounting (12 gunboats, 52 killed/148 wounded) - both are unit-level figures. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-06
-
[8]NHHC, 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' - amphibious forces LCI listings [other_primary]
- Locator
- Amphibious Forces / LCI Group 8 / LCI Division 15 (G) block: 'LCI 469 | Lt. (jg) G. M. Connors (USNR)'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The 1 May 1945 Pacific Fleet organization list places 'LCI 469' under LCI Division 15 (G), LCI Group 8 (ComLCIGrp 8 Lt. Cdr. W. V. Nash (USNR)), with 'Lt. (jg) G. M. Connors (USNR)' as her commanding officer - confirming the hull's operational assignment, designation (gunboat division), and CO as of May 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Population
- Ship's company, May 1945
- Limitations
- Organizational snapshot - establishes assignment and command, not material condition. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-07
-
[9]NHHC, 'Allied Ships present in Tokyo Bay' - Navy Department Library list of vessels present for the surrender [other_primary]
- Locator
- Landing Craft, Infantry (LCI) section: 'LCI(L)-438 / LCI(L)-469 ...'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC's Tokyo Bay list includes 'LCI(L)-469' among Landing Craft, Infantry present for the 2 September 1945 surrender - consistent with NavSource's documented occupation-service window (2 to 22 September 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-09-02
- Population
- Ship's company, September 1945
- Limitations
- Presence list only - establishes location at the surrender, not condition or activity. The list renders her under the LCI(L) designator though she was then LCI(G)-469 - list-style designation usage. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-08
-
[10]NHHC, H-086-2 (Samuel J. Cox, Director NHHC, January 2025), 'Iwo Jima, 17 February 1945 (D-2) - The Battle of the LCI Gunboats' [other_primary]
- Locator
- H-gram 086, Attachment 2 - narrative paragraphs covering the 1100-1240 gunboat action
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC's official account of the 17 February 1945 gunboat action documents the unit context in which this hull fought: seven LCI gunboats under LCDR Willard Nash initially screened four UDT teams' beach reconnaissance, all 12 participating gunboats were damaged, total LCI-gunboat casualties were 52 killed and 148 wounded, LCI(G)-474 was abandoned and scuttled, all gunboats received the Presidential Unit Citation, and Commander Michael Malanaphy, LCDR Nash, and 11 gunboat skippers received the Navy Cross. LCI(G)-469's membership in this unit and her CO's Navy Cross are corroborated by ship-specific rows in this record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-02-17
- Population
- LCI(G) Group Eight ship's companies, 17 Feb 1945
- Limitations
- Unit-level account - the H-gram names several gunboats (457, 449, 474, 441, 473, 466, 409, 438, 471) but does not name LCI(G)-469 individually; her participation is established by the PUC roster, casualty table, Navy Cross citation, and action-report excerpts. Casualty totals differ in scope from the action-report excerpt figures (201 casualties/47 fatalities across ten gunboats). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-09
-
[11]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (diesel plant, 1943 build); USS LCI National Association type description (usslci.org/facts - quarter-inch steel hull, 8 GM diesels, 158-foot beaching craft); GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-11); shipyard-exposure-map era product conventions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; usslci.org/facts type description; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered LCI(L)/LCI(G) built in 1943 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a small diesel amphibious craft of this period were engine exhaust and machinery-space thermal insulation, machinery and exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve and pump packing, and electrical insulation within the confined hull volume. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; her '2-inch plastic splinter protection' armor (asphaltic splinter plating per the type spec) is not asserted here as an asbestos application - its fiber content is undocumented for this hull.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (1943); ship's company (1943-46); any post-war disposal/shipbreaking workforce
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or litigation record located for LCI(L)-469. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-10
-
[12]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire 1943 construction and WWII service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, standing defect since Batch-98) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-11
-
[13]Batch-5187 search ledger (this record): NavSource main/Navy Cross/PUC pages; NHHC H-086-2, Battle-for-Iwo-Jima casualty table, PacFleet 1 May 1945 organization, Tokyo Bay list; NARA SL44 ship-number PDF; usslci.org action-report excerpts; CourtListener API v4 (type=o); secondary web litigation sweep; shipbuildinghistory.com; uboat.net; NARA digitized-logs index; NVR [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS LCI(L)-469 / LCI(G)-469 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener (authenticated API v4): opinion search returned zero hits for exact phrases 'LCI(G)-469', 'LCI(L)-469', and 'LCI-469'; the unquoted 'LCI-469' query returned 80 hits reviewed as all name collisions (e.g., LCI Holdings, incidental token matches), none naming the vessel; the docket index returned zero for 'LCI(G)-469'. Secondary web sweep surfaced no qualifying case and - unlike typical hulls - not even law-firm marketing claims were located for this number. Deck logs exist (SL44, 9/27/1943-6/30/1945) but are undigitized.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943 hull built and crewed inside the Navy's asbestos era. CAVEAT: the CourtListener docket phrases 'LCI(L)-469' and 'LCI-469' could not be queried - fleet pacing was momentarily exhausted; logged as blocked in search_ledger, not as a negative result (the completed docket query 'LCI(G)-469' returned zero). Physical deck logs, builder's records, and Maritime Commission disposal file are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-469-lcil469-12