Evidence
14 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-14).
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[1]research packet 811-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-pkt-811-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-509 - timeline, campaign credit, specifications, disposal (history text credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150509.htm header, campaign table, disposition block, specifications block, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: LCI-351 class; laid down October 1943 at New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp., Barber, NJ; launched November 1943; commissioned USS LCI(L)-509, 1 December 1943. Assigned to the Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater; campaign credited: Invasion of Normandy, 6-25 June 1944. Decommissioned and turned over to the United Kingdom 5 December 1944; commissioned into the Royal Navy as HM LCI(L)-509; returned to US Navy custody 11 September 1946; struck from the Naval Register in 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission and sold 18 March 1947; final disposition fate unknown. Earned one battle star for World War II service (awards block: American Campaign Medal, EAME Campaign Medal with one star, WWII Victory Medal). Photo captions document: officers/bridge crew and CO LCDR Wayne A. Simpson USNR; the ship in an Atlantic convoy circa December 1943 (NARA NAID 205577788, local ID 26-G-3392, USCG photo 3392); beached at Normandy unloading UK troops; and, as HM LCI(L)-509, at Punta Delgada, Azores, circa July 1946 en route to US return alongside HM LCI(L)-501 and HM LCI(L)-186.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (Oct-Dec 1943); US crew and embarked troops (Dec 1943-Dec 1944); Royal Navy crew (Dec 1944-Sep 1946); Maritime Commission purchaser's trades post-1947
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation - its milestone dates track official records but are not themselves a registry entry; the narrative is credited to Turner Publishing's USS LCI Vol. II. No asbestos or material content. The Normandy beaching photo caption is family-contributed; the convoy photo's hull attribution to LCI(L)-509 is NavSource's (the underlying NARA caption is generic - see ev-08).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-01
-
[3]uboat.net Allied Warships: USS LCI(L)-509 (ship/21569) and HMS LCI(L)-509 (ship/21570) - exact build and transfer dates [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/21569 (USS) and ship/21570 (HMS) data tables and history line
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net record for this hull: USS LCI(L)-509, Landing Craft Infantry of the LCI 351 class; built by New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp. (Barber, New Jersey); ordered 22 March 1943; laid down 2 November 1943; launched 26 November 1943; commissioned 1 December 1943; end of US service 5 December 1944; history note 'Transferred to the Royal Navy on 5 December 1944; returned to the USN by the RN on 11 September 1946.' The companion Royal Navy record (ship/21570) shows HMS LCI(L)-509 commissioned into the RN on 5 December 1944 - same-day handover.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- construction trades (Mar-Dec 1943); US crew (Dec 1943-Dec 1944); RN crew (Dec 1944-Sep 1946)
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a secondary database (Gudmundur Helgason's Allied Warships compilation) - generally consistent with official records for LCI(L)s but not itself a primary registry. Its exact dates (laid down 2 Nov; launched 26 Nov) conflict at month granularity with NavSource ('October' laid down) - see gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-02
-
[4]NARA RG 38, COM LCI(L) GR 31 - War Diary, 12/9/43 to 5/31/44 (NAID 78473339; WWII War Diaries series; micro serial 76261) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78473339 digitized images (A_1009/0028-0068): composition lists; daily entries Dec 1943 - May 1944
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary-source operational record naming this hull on specific dates. The Group 31 diary lists LCI(L)-509 in the group's Division 62 (LCI(L)s 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512) and records: 'Commander LCI(L) Group 31 and Staff aboard LCI(L) 509' (December 1943 - the ship served as group flagship before the staff shifted to LCI(L)-499 in January 1944); LCI(L)s 507, 508, 509 underway from Pier 42, New York to Solomons, Md. (mid-Dec 1943), shakedown in Chesapeake Bay; LCI(L)-509 dry-docked at Norfolk, Va. (early Jan 1944) and working between Solomons, Norfolk Pier 'S' (Lambert's Point) and Little Creek; group in the UK by late February 1944 (River Dart / Fowey / Falmouth, Cornwall) for exercise TEAL (18 Feb - 6 Mar); on 2 March 1944 LCI(L)-509 sailed Fowey for Plymouth as escort for LST-332; berthed New Docks, Southampton, April-May 1944 conducting beaching/troop exercises; on/about 1 May 1944 LCI(L)s 507, 510 and 509 collided en route to New Docks - slight damage, no personnel injuries; on 18 May 1944 LCI(L)-509 proceeded to Camper & Nicholson Dockyards (Southampton) to be dry-docked and was still dry-docked 19-20 May.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-12-09 to 1944-05-31
- Population
- LCI(L)-509 crew (~4 officers + 24 enlisted spec); embarked Group 31 staff (Dec 1943); Norfolk and Camper & Nicholson yard trades during dry-dockings (Jan, May 1944); embarked troops during exercises
- Limitations
- Ship-specific wartime record of movements and events - names the hull repeatedly. It does NOT record work scope for the Norfolk or Camper & Nicholson dry-dockings (repair content unknown) and contains no asbestos or material content. OCR-assisted reading of the scanned diary (NAID 78473339, 41 images); page-level dates verified against the diary's own headers.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-03
-
[5]NARA RG 38, COM LCI(L) FLOT 12 war diaries: 8/1-31/44 (NAID 78608671), 9/1-30/44 (NAID 633387119), 10/1-31/44 (NAID 78659875), 11/1-30/44 (NAID 139774341) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78608671 (Aug), NAID 633387119 (Sep), NAID 78659875 (Oct), NAID 139774341 (Nov) - daily 'Brief of day's operation' entries
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary-source operational record of this hull's cross-Channel shuttle service. LCI(L) Flotilla Twelve (under Commander LCI(L)s, Eleventh Amphibious Force; attached Twelfth Fleet), based at Lymington, Hants, ran troops from Royal Pier, Southampton to Utah and Omaha beaches. The diaries name LCI(L)-509 on: 21 Aug (sailed 1440 for Omaha Beach), 24 Aug (arrived Lymington), 25-26 Aug (sailed 1030 for troops to far shore; arrived 1600), 29 Aug (sailed 1025); 1 Sep (sailed 0915 for Royal Pier), 9 Sep (sailed for ranging), 11 Sep (returned 1910 from compensation), 17 Sep (reported in 1800), 19 Sep (sailed 1500 Royal Pier for Omaha troops), 21-23 Sep (arrived 1930; sailed for Royal Pier, Utah-bound troops), 26 Sep (reported in 1640 from far shore); 5 Oct (arrived 1455 from Utah Beach duty), 9 Oct (arrived 0805), 12 Oct (arrived 1140), 23 Oct (arrived 1800 from Omaha Beach), 30 Oct (sailed 1250 for Royal Pier, Southampton); 1 Nov (arrived 1148 from Royal Pier). Flotilla HQ shifted Lymington to Weymouth 15 November 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-08-01 to 1944-11-30
- Population
- LCI(L)-509 crew; embarked troops carried on cross-Channel runs; flotilla staff
- Limitations
- Ship-specific wartime record - names the hull on individual dates with times. Operational movements only; no asbestos, material, or repair content. OCR-assisted reading of scanned diaries; the four NAIDs are the flotilla-level record (group-level June 1944 diary, which would enumerate D-Day landings hull-by-hull, was not located in the digitized set).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-04
-
[6]NARA RG 38, COM LCI(L) FLOT 12 - War Diary, 12/1-31/44 (NAID 139801164; micro serial 101917) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 139801164, first diary page (1-8 December 1944 brief)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The flotilla war diary for December 1944 (flotilla then at Weymouth-Portland Base, Dorset) records: 'On 5 December 1944 it was indicated that the transfer of LCI(L)'s 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, and 512 to the Royal Navy had been completed' - the six craft of Group 31's Division 62 transferred together, corroborating NavSource/uboat.net's 5 December 1944 turnover date for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-12
- Population
- US crew detaching; RN crew receiving; flotilla staff, Weymouth-Portland Base
- Limitations
- Ship-specific primary record of the handover. 'Transfer completed' at flotilla level; it does not record the decommissioning ceremony location or the receiving RN officer. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-05
-
[7]NARA Special List 44, 'List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947' - ship-number list [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 24, row 'LCI(L)-509'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- SL44's ship-number list (PDF page 24) shows: 'LCI(L)-509 12/1/1943 12/5/1944' - NARA holds deck logs for this hull covering exactly her U.S. commission period (commissioning date through turnover day). These are log-coverage dates, not assumed dates of commission; they corroborate the NavSource commissioning milestone. Royal Navy-period logs (Dec 1944 - Sep 1946) are UK records and do not appear.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-12-01 to 1944-12-05 (log coverage)
- Population
- crew of record appearing in the logs (Dec 1943-Dec 1944)
- Limitations
- Holdings listing only - SL44 records that logs exist for that date range, not their contents; the logs themselves are RG 24 Entry 118 at College Park and do not appear in the catalog's digitized deck-log set for this hull (a catalog search for LCI(L)-509 returns muster rolls and war diaries but no deck-log file unit). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-06
-
[8]NARA RG 24, 'LCI(L) 509 - Muster Rolls' (NAID 120247819; series Muster Rolls of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Other Naval Activities, 1939-1949; Ancestry-scanned, 45 images) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 120247819; first images: forwarding sheet (Q4 1943) and roll entries showing 1 Dec 1943 receipt from RS New York
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The ship's own quarterly muster rolls are held and digitized: the forwarding sheet is headed 'U.S.S. LCI(L) 509' for the quarter ending 31 December 1943, and roll entries show crew received from the U.S. Navy Receiving Station, New York, N.Y. on 1 December 1943 - the commissioning day - matching a companion catalog hit for the Receiving Station's December 1943 records (NAID 184725802). 45 digitized images cover the ship's US-service rolls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1944
- Population
- every officer and enlisted man borne on the rolls (Dec 1943-Dec 1944)
- Limitations
- Archival lead: the rolls are the crew-level personnel record for the hull but were not abstracted name-by-name for this record. Person-level exposure documentation would require working the rolls directly. The digitized file covers the US period; RN-period crew records are UK-held.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-07
-
[9]NARA NAID 205577788, 'LCI (L) Slogs Through Heavy Sea' (RG 26 Coast Guard series 'Photographs of Activities, Facilities, and Personalities,' local ID 26-G-3392, USCG photo 3392) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 205577788 record + NavSource 10/15/150509.htm photo caption block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA-held USCG photograph, captioned by NavSource as USS LCI(L)-509 in convoy crossing the Atlantic Ocean, circa December 1943. The underlying NARA record's original caption is generic - 'In the North Atlantic, a Coast Guard-manned LCI (L) battles through heavy seas' - and does not itself name the hull; NavSource attaches the image to this ship.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- circa 1943-12 to 1944-02 (crossing window)
- Population
- crew aboard during Atlantic crossing (winter 1943-44)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only. The hull attribution to LCI(L)-509 is NavSource's captioning, not the NARA record's own text; and NARA's generic caption describes 'a Coast Guard-manned' craft while NavSource credits this ship's CO as a USNR officer - the manning question is unresolved (see gaps). Establishes photographic documentation of the type/period convoy crossing; not a work or material record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-08
-
[10]shipbuildinghistory.com (Tim Colton), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large)' build/disposition list, and 'New Jersey Shipbuilding, Barber NJ' yard page [other_primary]
- Locator
- lcil.htm table row for 509; shipyards/emergencysmall/newjersey.htm yard description and build list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Shipbuilding History's LCI(L) table lists hull 509: 'New Jersey SB | Barber NJ | 1-Dec-43 | To Britain 1944, returned 1946, sold 1947' - corroborating builder, commissioning date, and disposal sequence. The yard page documents New Jersey Shipbuilding as a wartime LCI assembly line on the Arthur Kill at Barber (now Maurer), Perth Amboy, NJ, managed by Todd Shipyards at the Navy's request and closed after the war; 923 LCI(L)s were built by ten yards total.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding yard workforce (~2,500 at peak per HAER AK-52) building 375 LCIs including this hull
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary compilation (Tim Colton's shipyard tabulations), not a primary registry - consistent with uboat.net/NavSource/NARA on this hull. 'Sold 1947' confirms the Maritime Commission disposal year; buyer and subsequent fate are not recorded anywhere located. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-09
-
[11]HAER AK-52, M/V Husky II (ex-USS LCI(L) 653), written historical and descriptive data (NPS/Library of Congress); plus HAER OR-180, LCI(L)-713 short-form report (NPS/LOC) [haer]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 data pages (designer/builder/yard history; LCI(L) design description; NJ Shipbuilding production blocks incl. 423-657); HAER OR-180 data page
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official documentation of the LCI(L) type and this hull's builder. HAER AK-52 records: the Bureau of Ships designed the LCI(L) in May 1942 with first contracts in June to George Lawley & Son and New Jersey Shipbuilding; New Jersey Shipbuilding was incorporated in 1942 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Barber Asphalt Corp., converted the idled asphalt plant on Arthur Kill into a prefabrication-line shipyard (hull and deck-house sections built in a factory 14 miles away, assembled on the ways), was managed by Todd Shipyards, employed about 2,500 workers, and produced 375 LCI(L)s - including the 423-657 block containing this hull. The class description documents eight six-cylinder GM Series 71 diesel truck engines, four per shaft, variable-pitch propellers, five 20mm guns, welded construction; the Navy described the type as 'an ocean-going infantry carrier designed for direct unloading on the beach.' HAER OR-180 confirms class particulars (LCI-351 class, 158'5.5" x 23'3", eight GM 6-71 diesels, welded 1/4-inch steel plate) for preserved sister LCI(L)-713.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1944 (construction era)
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding trades building the 423-657 block (1943-44); era crew of any LCI(L)
- Limitations
- Class/era and yard documentation - the AK-52 vessel is sister LCI(L) 653, not 509; OR-180 is sister 713 (a later, modified-configuration hull). Neither report mentions asbestos; the spray-on insulation noted in AK-52 was post-war commercial conversion work, not Navy-era material. No ship-specific material content for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-10
-
[12]Era inference built on: HAER class documentation (diesel propulsion, welded steel, utilitarian construction); NavSource spec block; GAO HRD-80-2 program documentation (see ev-12); era-standard asbestos applications aboard WWII amphibious craft [other_primary]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 class description; NavSource spec block; GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel landing craft built in a wartime emergency yard in late 1943 sits squarely inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard asbestos applications aboard a diesel amphibious craft of this type and period were engine and exhaust insulation, machinery lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, and possibly joiner/accommodation-space insulation. As an all-diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply - and her austere utility construction (HAER AK-52: 'completely utilitarian') implies a smaller asbestos load than a comparable steam combatant.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- NJ Shipbuilding construction trades (1943); US crew (Dec 1943-Dec 1944); embarked Group 31 staff when flagship; embarked troops; RN crew (Dec 1944-Sep 1946); unknown post-1947 purchaser trades
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or work package located for LCI(L)-509. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-11
-
[13]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction and US service era (1943-44).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-30) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-12
-
[14]Batch-5230 search ledger (this record): NavSource; uboat.net; NARA Catalog ship search (22 hits); GR 31 and FLOT 12 war diaries; SL44 PDF; muster rolls; NARA photo; shipbuildinghistory.com; HAER AK-52/OR-180; GAO product page; CourtListener o/r searches; usslci.org; secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, insulation schedule, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-509 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener returned zero results on eight identifier-variant queries (opinions: 'LCI(L)-509', 'LCI(L) 509', 'LCI 509', 'LCIL-509'; dockets: 'LCI 509', 'LCIL-509', 'LCIL 509', 'USS LCI(L)-509'); a broad 'LCI' opinion sweep returned 586 results that are all name collisions (LCI corporate entities, e.g. LCI International Telecommunications) - none naming this vessel. Four secondary variants ('LCI(L)-509' docket, 'LCI-509' opinion+docket, 'LCIL 509' opinion, 'USS LCI(L)-509' opinion) remained blocked at research time because the fleet-wide CourtListener pacing budget was spent - logged as blocked, not negative. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The physical deck logs (12/1/43-12/5/44), the ship's muster rolls, and any NJ Shipbuilding or Maritime Commission disposal file are archival leads not yet abstracted for exposure content. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-509-lcil509-13