Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]research packet 451-packet.md (4 sources cited) [museum_official]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-636-lcil636-pkt-451-packet-md
-
[2]NARA Special List No. 44, List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (ship-number PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, p. 26, row 'LCI(L)-636 6/23/1944 7/31/1945' (pdftotext -f 26 -l 26 -layout verified 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official NARA inventory of Navy logbooks lists deck logs for LCI(L)-636 covering 6/23/1944 through 7/31/1945 (PDF page 26 of the by-ship-number list). The coverage start date equals her commissioning date (23 June 1944 per NavSource, uboat.net, and NavalCoverMuseum). This is the wartime Navy's own log inventory establishing in-scope service for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-06-23 to 1945-07-31
- Population
- wartime crew (1944-1945)
- Limitations
- Log coverage dates are not commissioning/decommissioning dates - they document that logs exist and the coverage window, not that service ended on 7/31/1945 (decommissioning and striking are both 'date unknown' in NavSource, with disposal transfer on 5 November 1947). The logs themselves are not digitized (not on NARA's digitized deck-log list); they are RG 24 textual records at Archives II, College Park. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-01
-
[3]NavSource-hosted scan: War Diary of Commander LCI(L) Group Seventy-Two, Flotilla Twenty-Four, for December 1944 (serial 027, submitted 2 April 1945) and January 1945 (serial 028, submitted 8 April 1945), from 'Flag/Al2-1 USS LCI(L) 636, Flagship' to Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Fleet, per CominCh ltr FF1/A12-1/A16-3 serial 7152 of 29 October 1943 - 21-page scan (image PDF; text extracted by OCR) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.net/archives/10/15/pdf/150636a.pdf - 21-page scan: pp. 1-8 December 1944 diary (serial 027), pp. 9-21 January 1945 diary (serial 028); 636(GF) flagship notation on group composition page; armament-fit lines (5" rocket launchers; 40mm bow gun); 27-29 December Mindoro resupply echelon and aircraft-credit list; January Mangarin Bay/Ambulong/Unisan/Calapan/PT-338 narrative
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A scanned primary Navy document authored aboard this hull: each page is headed 'Flag/Al2-1 USS LCI(L) 636, Flagship' and states 'Commander, LCI(L) Group Seventy-Two in U.S.S. LCI(L) 636'. Group Seventy-Two comprised twelve LCI(L)s - 636(GF), 635, 637, 652, 701, 702, 703, 773, 774, 1074, 1075, 1076 - attached to Commander Seventh Amphibious Force, Seventh Fleet, commanded by A.T. Baker III, Lt. Cmdr., USNR. Documented for this hull: 1 December 1944 staging at Woendi Lagoon with Task Group 77.11 (Capt. Mentz, Commander Task Group) in company with MTB Squadrons 8, 24 and 25 and Beach Jumper Units 6 and 7; 'LCI(L) 636 fitted with launchers for 5" rockets, mounted on both ramps' and (15 December) '40mm A/A gun mounted on bow, replacing #1 20mm' (the January diary states 'twelve (12) 5" rocket launchers on ramps and one 40mm A/A gun on bow replacing #1 20mm'); 10-11 December Woendi-to-Hollandia on Flotilla 24 orders to transport forward Beach Jumper and MTB gear and ammunition, returning 13-15 December with 19 tons MTB ammunition and 6 tons Beach Jumper gear; 16 December departed Woendi in a 23-ship Flotilla 24 movement with TG 77.11, Kossol Roads (Palau) 19 December, San Pedro Bay (Leyte) 23 December; 27 December departed Leyte in the U-plus-15 Mindoro resupply echelon (OTC Capt. McClean in USS Bush, DD-529) - attacked by Japanese aircraft south of Cebu, the task group enduring forty-one air attacks before Mindoro and its LCIs credited with ten planes destroyed; the diary credits LCI(L) 636 with one plane destroyed on 29 December and one assist. January 1945 at Mangarin Bay, Mindoro: Commander Group 72 served as CTU 77.11.2 (Hydro-Smoker Unit) for diversionary operations against Unisan/Tayabas Bay (southern Luzon) coordinated with the Nasugbu-Batangas landings (OpOrds 2-45, 3-45, 4-45; OpOrd 1-45 cancelled) - Commander, LCI(L) Flotilla 24 having assumed TG 77.11 command after Capt. Mentz was evacuated with wounds; 636 proceeded to the burning tanker Porcupine (IX-126) off San Jose on CTG 77.11 orders at SOPA Mindoro's request (fire investigation), attempted to tow stranded LCI(L)-1071 off the Ambulong reef (3 January), with LCI(L)-626 towed a stranded LCT off Caminawit Point (22 January), sailed with LCI(L)s 711, 1071 and 699 for Estrella carrying 21st Infantry troops for the Calapan end-run movement (other ships' troops 'not required and all returned'), and was dispatched to Semirara Island where all thirteen crew plus secret publications and instruments were taken off the reefed PT-338. Night dispersal anchorages under Ambulong Island described in detail.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-12 to 1945-01
- Population
- ship's company plus embarked Commander Group 72 staff (Lt. Cmdr. A.T. Baker III USNR); Beach Jumper Units 6 and 7 embarked; 21st Infantry Regiment troops carried
- Limitations
- Image-only scan; contents extracted by OCR (tesseract, 150-300 dpi) and individually imperfect words were not relied on for any figure quoted here - e.g., the 636 kill-credit line reads cleanly as 'one destroyed 12/29 and one assist' only at 300 dpi. The diary is a group commander's product authored aboard the flagship - it documents the hull's assignment, movements, armament fits, and named operations, not the ship's own deck log. No asbestos, insulation, or material-content statement appears in the diary. Provenance: NavSource-linked scan; the original is the CominCh-filed war diary (forwarded under FF1/A12-1/A16-3).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-02
-
[4]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-636 - history credited on-page to 'USS LCI "Landing Craft Infantry", Vol. II, Turner Publishing Co., 1995' (USS LCI National Association volume) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150636.htm - class line, milestone chronology, Flotilla 24/Group 72 assignment, campaign table, awards block, photo captions (Zamboanga 1 Apr 1945; Schwenzer crew photos), specifications block, call sign NPME, linked war-diary PDF 150636a.pdf
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 20 May 1944 at New Jersey Ship Building Corp., Barber, N.J.; launched 16 June 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-636 on 23 June 1944; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater under LCI(L) Flotilla Twenty-Four (CDR A. Vernon Janaotta [Jannotta], USN) and LCI(L) Group Seventy-Two (LCDR A.T. Baker III, USNR - the linked Group 72 PDF is the war diary of ev-02). Campaigns per the on-page table: Leyte operation (Leyte landings, 28 to 29 November 1944) and Consolidation and capture of the Southern Philippines (Mindanao Island landings, Zamboanga, 1 April 1945); 'earned two battle stars'. Awards block: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (2), WWII Victory Medal, Philippines Presidential Unit Citation, Philippine Liberation Medal (2). Decommissioned, date unknown; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 5 November 1947; final disposition 'fate unknown'. Four photo captions document her beaching at Zamboanga, Mindanao, 1 April 1945 with LCI(L)-634, LCI(L)-621, LCI(L)-700, LCI(L)-702 and LCI(L)-774 (credited to US National Archives photos #359834, #359831, #359825, #359827); four further photos are credited to crew member James Schwenzer, QM/1c, including a conning-tower view noting the kill mark of a Japanese 'Betty' credited to LCI(L)-626 on 29 December 1944. Specs: 246 t light / 264 t landing / 419 t loaded; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kts max; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted, troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted, cargo 75 tons; five single 20mm guns; propulsion two sets of 4 GM 6051-series 71 diesels (4 per shaft), single GM main reduction gears, two diesel-drive 30kW 120V DC ship's-service generators, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp. Call sign NPME.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- NJ Shipbuilding construction trades (1944); crew 1944-c.1946; embarked troops (Zamboanga, 1 Apr 1945); disposal workforce (1947)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates track official sources but the cited underlying work is a veterans' association history volume, not a Navy record. Campaign-table dates are the operations' official windows; the war diary (ev-02) independently documents her Leyte-area arrival 23 December 1944 - the table's 'Leyte landings, 28 to 29 November' window and the diary's December movements both stand, with her November movement undocumented in located sources (see gaps). The NARA photo numbers quoted in captions are still-picture identifiers, not catalog NAIDs (catalog.archives.gov/id/359834 resolves to an unrelated RG 331 file unit). Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-03
-
[5]uboat.net Allied Warships: USS LCI(L)-636 ship page (ship/21701); LCI 351 class table (class/690); wartime-event orders of battle for Operation Oboe VI - Allied landings at Brunei (10 June 1945) and Operation Oboe II - Allied landings at Balikpapan (1 July 1945) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/21701 (spec/date table, History block, events: Oboe VI 10 Jun 1945 TU 78.1.13 and TU 78.1.18 'White' Assault Unit; Oboe II 1 Jul 1945 TG 78.2.6); class/690 technical table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net's ship page independently confirms this hull: built by New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp. (Barber, NJ); laid down 20 May 1944; launched 16 June 1944; commissioned 23 June 1944. Its wartime-event listings place her, commanding officer Lt. J.A. Moore USNR, in two operation orders of battle: Task Unit 78.1.13 (the LCI Unit under T/Capt. F.B.C. Martin USN, COMLCI(L)FLOT 8, aboard LCI(L)-546) at Operation Oboe VI - the Brunei landings of 10 June 1945 - with 636 further assigned to the 'White' Assault Unit (Task Unit 78.1.18 under T/Capt. L.J. Manees USN); and Task Group 78.2.6 (the LCI Unit of LCI Flotilla 24 under Cdr. A.V. Jannotta USNR, embarked in LCI(L)-624) at Operation Oboe II - the Balikpapan landings of 1 July 1945. Both events fall inside her NARA-inventoried log window (ends 31 July 1945). The ship page carries no commanders list or further events.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Lt. J.A. Moore USNR (CO at Brunei and Balikpapan); ship's company 1945
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a volunteer secondary compilation of official records - credible on dates/designations but not a primary registry. The Brunei LCI unit was under a Flotilla 8 commander while 636 was a Flotilla 24 boat - pooled assignment, consistent with the war diary's group composition; not a contradiction. OOB listing establishes participation in the operation order, not a separate battle-star credit - NavSource's campaign table (ev-03) lists only Leyte and Southern Philippines. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-04
-
[6]NavalCoverMuseum (Naval Cover Museum, USCS collector-run catalog wiki) page 'LCI(L) 636' - designation history, postmark catalog, and cover holdings [museum_official]
- Locator
- navalcovermuseum.org/wiki/LCI(L)_636 - 'Ship Name and Designation History' table; 'Postmarks' table row 'Locy Type 2z | 1945-03-17' with caption 'Censored sailors mail ... The ship had no postal facilities, postmarked from either another ship or a shore unit'; 'Other Information' awards paragraph
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NavalCoverMuseum's catalog page for this hull carries the same milestone chain (keel laid 20 May 1944, launched 16 June 1944, commissioned 23 June 1944, decommissioned date unknown, struck date unknown, transferred to the Maritime Commission 5 November 1947, fate unknown) and catalogs a wartime artifact: a censored sailor's-mail cover bearing a Locy Type 2z postmark dated 17 March 1945 (Leslie L. Cox collection, USCS 11971) - the museum notes the ship had no postal facilities, so the postmark was struck by another ship or a shore unit on mail associated with this hull. The 'Other Information' block restates her awards (American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific with 2 battle stars; WWII Victory Medal; Philippine Presidential Unit Citation; Philippine Liberation Medal, 2 awards). A covers page exists for the hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-03-17
- Population
- ship's company (sailor's mail) March 1945
- Limitations
- A collector-built museum wiki, not a Navy registry - its milestone table appears to derive from NavSource. The cover is a genuine philatelic artifact dated mid-service, but the museum itself notes the postmarking unit was not aboard this ship - it documents an associated sailor's mail, not shipboard postal service. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-05
-
[7]Naval Marine Archive / shipbuildinghistory.com, 'New Jersey Shipbuilding, Barber NJ' yard history and delivery table [other_primary]
- Locator
- navalmarinearchive.com/sbh/shipyards/emergencysmall/newjersey.html - yard history paragraph and delivery row 'LCI(L) 636 ... Jun-44 Struck 1946'; same row at shipbuildinghistory.com/shipyards/emergencysmall/newjersey.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The New Jersey Shipbuilding delivery table carries the row 'LCI(L) | 636 | US Navy | Landing Craft | Jun-44 | Struck 1946' - agreeing with NavSource and uboat.net on builder and build month (June 1944 completion consistent with a 20 May laydown and 23 June commissioning) and supplying a 1946 striking year where NavSource carries 'date unknown'. The same page documents the yard as 'an assembly line for LCIs on Arthur Kill, in Barber' (a community absorbed into Perth Amboy, now Maurer) whose management 'was taken over by Todd Shipyards in 1942, at the Navy's request, and was closed after the war.' Identical table row on the shipbuildinghistory.com original.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- NJ Shipbuilding construction trades (1944)
- Limitations
- A compiled delivery table, not a primary registry - 'Struck 1946' is the table's claim while NavSource carries 'struck ... date unknown'; carried as a yard-table statement, not reconciled. No postwar/disposal detail for this hull beyond the struck year. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications for this hull (two sets of 4 GM 6051-series 71 diesels, twin variable-pitch screws, diesel ship's-service generators - diesel plant, no steam); uboat.net LCI 351 class table (diesel engines, 2 shafts, 1,600 bhp); GAO HRD-80-2 (Navy asbestos-use era, see ev-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150636.htm specifications block; uboat.net class/690 technical table; war diary armament-fit entries (ev-02); GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered landing craft built May-June 1944 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a craft of this type and period were diesel engine and exhaust lagging, machinery-space thermal insulation, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, and winch brake linings. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- NJ Shipbuilding construction trades (1944); crew 1944-c.1946; disposal workforce (1947)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or underway-maintenance record located for LCI(L)-636. The Group 72 war diary documents in-theater armament fits (5-inch rocket launchers; 40mm bow gun replacing the #1 20mm) but records no insulation work. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution, no statement about what (if anything) remained aboard through decommissioning or the November 1947 Maritime Commission transfer.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (abstract text; direct fetch blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships; its 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for necessary repairs, modified in 1979 to include selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - spanning this hull's entire construction (1944) and service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. GAO's fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards - neither is this hull's builder. Product page retrieved via Firecrawl 2026-09-30; direct curl fetch returns HTTP 403 (standing access defect).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-08
-
[10]Batch-5360 search ledger (this record): NARA Special List 44; NavSource page + hosted Group 72 war-diary scan; uboat.net ship page, class table, and operation orders of battle; NHHC (DANFS slug candidates; Operation Neptune sunk/damaged table; Pacific Fleet organization 1 May 1945 via HyperWar); HyperWar LCI rosters; Rielly Appendix II; NavalCoverMuseum; Naval Marine Archive + shipbuildinghistory yard tables; Amphibious Forces memorial list; ODU special collections; NARA catalog; CourtListener opinion + docket searches; secondary web asbestos sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-636-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-636-19
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming LCI(L)-636 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener authenticated API v4 searches completed 2026-09-30 under fleet pacing: exact-designation opinion search ('LCI(L)-636' OR 'LCI-636') returned zero hits, the exact-designation docket/RECAP search returned zero hits, and the variant-spelling opinion query ('LCI 636' OR 'LCIL-636' OR 'LCI(L) 636') returned zero hits - no litigation of any kind naming this hull was located. The only 'asbestos' content surfaced for the type generally is law-firm marketing material asserting asbestos on Navy/amphibious ships without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era inference is consistent with retained era materials during service. The undigitized RG 24 deck logs (6/23/1944-7/31/1945), the NARA still-picture series quoted in the Zamboanga captions, and the ODU Heflin & Williams ship-data volume covering this hull range are open archival leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-09
-
[11]Old Dominion University Libraries Special Collections, Heflin & Williams Naval Engineering Reference Collection (MG 138) - 'Volume 02: LCI(L)-351 - LCI(L)-1098 (Landing Craft Infantry, Large)', ship data files organized by hull number; plus the undigitized NARA RG 24 deck logs inventoried by Special List 44 and the NARA still-picture numbers quoted in the NavSource Zamboanga captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- archivesguides.lib.odu.edu archival object 88476 (Binder Case 23, Volume 02); NARA SL44 p.26 and navy-online digitization list (absent); NavSource photo captions vs catalog.archives.gov/id/359834
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- ODU holds a ship-data file collection (Heflin & Williams) whose Volume 02 spans hulls LCI(L)-351 through LCI(L)-1098 - a range including this hull - with files organized by ship class, hull designation, and hull number. Together with the undigitized NARA RG 24 deck logs (coverage 6/23/1944-7/31/1945 per Special List 44) and the four Zamboanga photographs carrying US National Archives photo numbers (359834, 359831, 359825, 359827), these are the located archival paths most likely to hold ship-specific material.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945 (log window)
- Population
- N/A - record-location lead
- Limitations
- Archival leads only - the volume's title establishes hull-range coverage, not that an LCI(L)-636 file actually exists inside it or what it contains; undigitized, open to researchers without restrictions per the finding aid. Deck-log inventory coverage establishes existence, not content. The NavSource-quoted NARA photo numbers are still-picture identifiers, not catalog NAIDs - catalog.archives.gov/id/359834 resolves to an unrelated RG 331 file unit, so the photo records' catalog location is unresolved (RG 80-G is the probable series). NARA catalog search is JS-rendered and could not be queried directly this session. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-636-10