Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet 453-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: LCI(L)-65 (never named)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-pkt-453-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(G)-65 ex USS LCI(L)-65 - construction/milestone timeline, designation history, campaign list, specifications, commanding-officer table, personnel awards; page history sourced to 'USS LCI Landing Craft Infantry, Vol. II' (Turner Publishing, 1995); plus the NavSource LCI index (15idx.htm) noting the blanket reclassification of surviving LCIs to LSIL on 28 February 1949 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150065.htm - header block, campaign table, specifications block, commanding-officer table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 18 August 1942 at Consolidated Steel Corp., Orange, TX; launched 4 October 1942; commissioned USS LCI(L)-65, 14 December 1942, LT. Christopher R. Tompkins, USNR; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Guns) LCI(G)-65, 15 June 1944. Asiatic-Pacific assignment: Landing Force Flotillas-SoPacFor; LCI Flotilla Five; LCI Group Fourteen. Campaigns: Rendova-Vangunu occupation 4 July 1943; Treasury Island landings 6 November 1943; consolidation of northern Solomons 28 April to 15 June 1944; Morotai landing 15 September 1944; Leyte landings 13 October-29 November 1944; Lingayen Gulf landing 4-18 January 1945. Decommissioned and struck dates unknown; sold 7 February 1947, fate unknown. Six battle stars for WWII. The NavSource LCI index records that all LCIs remaining in the U.S. inventory were reclassified Landing Ship Infantry (LSIL) on 28 February 1949 - after this hull's sale, so no LSIL-65 exists. Spec block: 246/264/419 t.; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kts.; LCI(L) complement 4+24, LCI(G) 5+65; two sets of 4 GM '6051 series 71' diesels, 4 per shaft, GM reduction gears, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Construction trades (Consolidated Steel Orange, 1942); crew (1942-c.1946); embarked troops
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates are the best available public timeline but carry no underlying citation. Contains no asbestos or material content. Complement/armament/spec figures conflict with the official-derived HyperWar list (see gaps). Decommissioning and striking dates are unrecorded here.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-01
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[3]Scanned wartime USN action reports for this hull, hosted on its NavSource page: Rendova, New Georgia, 4 July 1943 (150065b.pdf); Morotai, 18 September 1944 (150065c.pdf); Leyte Gulf, 24 October 1944 (150065a.pdf); plus NARA-captioned combat photography (80-G-181441, Morotai) and NavSource page personnel-awards entries [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 'Additional Resources' action-report links + photo caption blocks: https://www.navsource.net/archives/10/15/pdf/150065a.pdf (Leyte), 150065b.pdf (Rendova), 150065c.pdf (Morotai); NARA photo 80-G-181441 (Morotai)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Three of the hull's own action reports survive as scanned PDFs (all URLs verified live 2026-09-30). Documented battle events (NavSource captions + personnel-awards block): Rendova, 4 July 1943 - a bomb fell between LCI(L)-24 and this ship; the ships listed and came to rest on the bottom; a 7 July 1943 photo shows LCI(L)-23, -24, -65, and -63 beached and unloading after the raid; F1c. Hurley E. Christian KIA in the bombing. Morotai, 15 September 1944 - LCI(G)-65 and LCI(G)-64 fired on the area between White and Red Beach (NARA photo 80-G-181441); S1c. Walter Winfred Henry Jr. WIA. Leyte Gulf, 24 October 1944 - kamikaze hit; SC3c. Lester Eugene Aiston KIA. Crew photo series (J.K. Reid collection) includes drydock views at Guam and a crewman posed in the 3-inch/50-cal gun tub - physical product of the 1944 gunboat conversion.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-07-04; 1944-09-15 to 1944-09-18; 1944-10-24
- Population
- Crew at Rendova, Morotai, Leyte Gulf actions; KIA/WIA named personnel
- Limitations
- The action reports are image-only scans (no text layer - 9 MB Leyte PDF returns no extractable text); their content was NOT read this session - the event descriptions above come from the hosting page's own captions and personnel-awards block, not from the PDF interiors. Combat damage and repair are documented disturbance events on the hull, but nothing here addresses material composition. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-02
-
[4]'US Navy Ships, 1940-1945' landing-craft section (HyperWar/ibiblio transcription of the postwar Navy Department vessel list) - fleet list entry and LCI(L)-1 class spec block [other_primary]
- Locator
- ships-lc.html, 'LCI(L) -- Landing Craft, Infantry (Large)' / LCI(L)-1 Class table, row LCI(L)-65
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Corroborating identity record: LCI(L)-65 is carried in the official-derived list of US Navy landing ships/craft with a 1942-44 commissioning window and no loss annotation - consistent with survival and postwar sale. LCI(L)-1 class spec block: displacement 387 t. (full load); length 160'; beam 23'3"; speed 15.5 kts.; armament 4 x 20mm; complement 3 officers + 21 enlisted; capacity 6 officers + 182 troops or 75 tons cargo; '2 sets G.M. diesel engins; twin variable-pitch screws, 1600 BHP.' The same list documents the LCI(G) gunboat configuration this hull took in 1944 - 'Converted from Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) - LCI(L) for close-in fire support of landing operations,' armament 2-3 40mm, 3-4 20mm, 6 x .50 cal, Mk 7/Mk 22 rocket launchers, complement 5 officers + 65 enlisted - citing Pacific Fleet Transport Doctrine, Ch. 27, Sec. 6.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1940-1945 (list coverage)
- Population
- n/a - list entry
- Limitations
- Official-derived transcription (postwar Navy Dept. compilation via HyperWar), not the hull's own record; list-level confirmation only. Class spec block conflicts with NavSource on power (1,600 BHP vs 2,320 shp), length (160' vs 158'5.5"), and complement (3+21 vs 4+24) - unresolved, see gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-03
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[5]Board of Veterans' Appeals decision, Citation Nr. 9828426 (23 September 1998), docket 94-15 783, on appeal from VA RO Houston, TX - service connection for asbestos-related lung disease [other_primary]
- Locator
- va.gov BVA citation 9828426 - Findings of Fact 1-2, Reasons and Bases (1994-95 hearing testimony, 1996 coworker letter)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Final Board adjudication touching this hull's builder yard in its exact build window: the veteran was employed at Consolidated Steel Corp., Orange, TX, 1942-1946 as 'Driller (IV)' in the boilermaker department - 'operating a compressed air drill to drill, ream and countersink steel plates' on ships under construction. FINDING OF FACT 1: the veteran was NOT exposed to asbestos during Consolidated Steel employment (corroborated by a coworker's September 1996 letter: no asbestos in the hull-assembly/drilling area 'in that stage of construction'). FINDING OF FACT 2: he WAS exposed to asbestos serving aboard Navy vessels - credited testimony of asbestos-coated pipes throughout the ships, bunks within one foot of / directly beneath the pipes, and dust shedding when the guns fired. Disposition: service connection GRANTED for asbestos-related lung disease (from in-service shipboard exposure); DENIED for asbestosis.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1946 (exposure window); 1998 (decision)
- Population
- Consolidated Steel Orange boilermaker/driller trades (1942-46); WWII Navy shipboard crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Adjudicated individual VA claim, not a survey or product record: neither this hull nor any LCI is named (his ships were USS Prince William, AN-37 Teakwood, and a third he could not recall). The yard finding is limited to this claimant's drilling role and stage of construction - it does NOT establish the Orange yard was asbestos-free; insulation work happened in stages his duties did not touch. The shipboard finding is generic WWII-fleet corroboration (asbestos-wrapped piping, berthing proximity) - era context only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-04
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[6]Culver v. U.S. Steel et al., N.D. Cal. No. 3:10-cv-03484 - Order denying plaintiff's motion to remand as to U.S. Steel, severing claims, remanding the balance (asbestos wrongful-death action) [court_record]
- Locator
- Order pp. 1-2 (succession facts), dispositive paragraph (remand denial as to U.S. Steel)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Pretrial federal order documenting the corporate-defendant landscape for vessels built by this hull's builder: it is undisputed that United States Steel Corporation is the successor-in-interest to both Western Pipe & Steel and Consolidated Steel Corporation; the decedent's alleged exposures included service aboard the Sea Blenny (built by Western Pipe & Steel, 1945) and the Sailor's Splice (built by Consolidated Steel, 1945), both Maritime Commission wartime hulls. The court denied remand as to U.S. Steel, severed its claims, and remanded the rest to state court.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945 (vessels); 2010 (order)
- Population
- WWII shipyard-built vessels' crews (litigation context)
- Limitations
- Procedural/jurisdictional ruling on a pleading-stage record - it establishes corporate succession and litigation posture only, not any exposure finding. Neither this hull nor the Orange, TX yard is named; the vessels at issue were cargo types (C-1/C-3) from the builder's cargo-ship program, not landing craft. Included solely as yard-lineage context - classified at the pleading/lower stage per batch discipline.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-05
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[7]Era inference built on: NavSource specification block (diesel propulsion - two sets of 4 GM diesels, twin variable-pitch propellers); HyperWar official-derived LCI(L)-1 class spec block; NavSource reclassification and battle-damage record (15 June 1944 gunboat conversion; Rendova bombing; Leyte kamikaze); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos era (see ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 150065.htm specifications + history blocks; HyperWar ships-lc.html LCI(L)-1 class block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered steel landing craft built August-December 1942 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-insulation era; era-standard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were exhaust and engine-room insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation in the confined hull. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply. Her documented 1944 gunboat conversion (added gun mounts/tubs) and combat damage (bombing, kamikaze) are era disturbance/installation events, relevant only as exposure-event context.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Construction trades (Orange TX, 1942); conversion-yard trades (1944); crew (1942-c.1946); embarked troops
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific material list, insulation survey, or work package located for LCI(L)-65. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. Conversion/damage events are documented but their material scope is undocumented.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-06
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[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942) and service era (1942-c.1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, consistent with Batch-01/98 experience) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-07
-
[9]Batch-5375 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page + action-report PDFs; HyperWar official-derived fleet list; CourtListener API v4 authenticated searches; VA BVA full text; govinfo court order; GAO product page; NHHC DANFS attempt; NARA catalog; USS LCI National Association site; secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming LCI(L)-65 or LCI(G)-65 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener API v4 returned zero opinions and zero dockets under all three designation spellings ('LCI(L)-65', 'LCI(G)-65', 'LCI-65'; type=o and type=r, 2026-09-30). Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing listicles asserting asbestos aboard LCIs without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The hull was sold out of the Navy in 1947 with fate unknown - there is no surviving-hull survey pathway. Deck logs, shipyard work packages, and the 1944 conversion's material records are undigitized leads. A class-level CourtListener query ('LCI(L)' asbestos) was deferred behind the fleet pacer at close of session - logged, not a negative result. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-65-lcil65-08