Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(M)-660 ex USS LCI(G)-660 (1944-1945) ex USS LCI(L)-660 (1944) - milestones, designation timeline, flotilla assignment, campaign list, specifications, disposal (history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150660.htm header block, designation line, campaign table, commanding-officers table, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 21 February 1944 at George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, MA (LCI-351 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large)); launched 29 February 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-660 on 7 March 1944, LT. P. P. Marvin, USNR in command; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Gunboat) LCI(G)-660 on 31 December 1944; reclassified Landing Craft Infantry (Mortar) LCI(M)-660 on 30 April 1945. Asiatic-Pacific Theater service: LCI Flotilla Fourteen (CAPT. T. W. Rimer), LCI Group Forty-Two (flagship, LCDR. A. H. Conners USNR), LCI Division Eighty-Three. Campaigns: Leyte landings 20 October 1944; Lingayen Gulf landing 9 January 1945; assault and occupation of Iwo Jima 19 February - 3 March 1945; assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto 26 March - 14 June 1945. Earned four battle stars for World War II service. Decommissioned and struck, dates unknown; transferred to the Maritime Commission 9 March 1948; final disposition unknown. Call sign NGAI. Spec block: dp. 246 t. light / 419 t. loaded; l. 158'5.5"; b. 23'3"; speed 16 kts max / 14 kts continuous; all-diesel GM propulsion, 2,320 shp; per-configuration complements LCI(L) 4+24, LCI(G) 5+65, LCI(M) 4+49.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (Feb-Mar 1944); crew and embarked troops (1944-c.1946)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation (history credited to Turner Publishing Vol. II), not a primary registry. Its stated LCI(M) reclassification date of 30 April 1945 conflicts with the dated 31 December 1944 ComFifthFlt operation plan already listing the hull as LCI(M) (ev-02) - operational use as a mortar craft preceded NavSource's formal date, or the formal date is administrative; unresolved (see gaps). Spec-block figures are class/configuration data, not verified ship-specific complements. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-01
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[2]U.S. Fifth Fleet Operation Plan No. 13-44, Annex C (Movement Plan), dated 31 December 1944 - archival facsimile hosted by HyperWar [other_primary]
- Locator
- Annex C, Movement Plan, Mortar Support Group / Mortar Support Unit THREE table (OCR page 'C-3')
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The dated 31 December 1944 Iwo Jima movement plan already lists this hull as 'LCI(M) 660 (F)' - flag vessel of Mortar Support Unit THREE under Lt. Comdr. Hannett, with LCI(M) 658, 659, 754, 1056, and 1057. The same annex shows the Mortar Support Group flagship LCI(L) 425 (GF) under Captain Rook and Mortar Support Unit FIVE under Lt. Comdr. Conners (the officer NavSource lists as her LCI Group 42 commander) with LCI(M) 355 (F), 351, 352, 353, 354, 356. This places hull 660 in a designated mortar-support role for the February 1945 Iwo Jima operation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-12-31 (plan date); Iwo Jima operation February-March 1945
- Population
- Crew of LCI(M) 660; Mortar Support Unit Three crews (LCI(M) 658, 659, 754, 1056, 1057)
- Limitations
- An operation plan establishes an intended assignment and the designation in operational use as of 31 December 1944 - not proof of every subsequent movement or action, and not a formal reclassification record. The 'LCI(M)' listing predates NavSource's stated 30 April 1945 reclassification date - a genuine date conflict (see gaps). PDF is an archival facsimile hosted by a transcription/archive project (HyperWar), not an NHHC page; OCR transcription verified against pdftotext extraction of the facsimile. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-02
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[3]U.S. Pacific Fleet, Organization, 1 May 1945; archival transcription hosted by HyperWar (NHHC page returned 404 on direct fetch) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Pacific Fleet Organization 1 May 1945, amphibious forces section: LCI FLOTILLA SIX > LCI GROUP 17 > LCI DIVISION 33 (M)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official 1 May 1945 Pacific Fleet organization lists 'LCI 660 (GF)' under LCI Flotilla SIX (Comdr. A. R. Montgomery), LCI Group 17 (ComLCIGrp 17, Lt. Cdr. G. W. Hannett USNR), LCI Division 33 (M), with Lt. (jg) P. P. Marvin (USNR) as commanding officer. Division 33 (M) comprised LCI 658, 659, 660, 754, 755 - overlapping the OpPlan 13-44 Mortar Support Unit Three roster (ev-02) and consistent with the '(M)' mortar designation in operational use.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-05-01 (roster date)
- Population
- Crew under Lt. (jg) P. P. Marvin USNR; LCI Group 17 staff (flagship assignment)
- Limitations
- Organizational roster snapshot as of 1 May 1945 - establishes flotilla/group/division assignment, flagship marker, and commanding officer on that date; does not narrate combat operations. The roster's Flotilla Six / Group 17 / Division 33 (M) placement differs from NavSource's undated Flotilla Fourteen / Group 42 / Division 83 listing - consistent with reassignment to the mortar organization, not a source conflict. '(GF)' and '(M)' are roster markers. Contains no asbestos content. The cited URL is a live archival transcription; the current NHHC URL returned HTTP 404 on direct fetch.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-03
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[4]Shipbuilding History (Tim Colton compilation), George Lawley & Sons yard construction list, Neponset, MA [other_primary]
- Locator
- Lawley yard table, row 'LCI(L) 660' (hull no. 1461)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Lawley yard list assigns this hull yard number 1461, lists her as 'LCI(L) 660' for the US Navy dated 7-Mar-44 (consistent with the 7 March 1944 commissioning), and notes 'Later LCI(G)/(M)660, sold 1948?' - corroborating the builder, the build sequence, the G/M conversion chain,; the question-marked sale remains unverified.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Lawley Neponset construction trades (1944)
- Limitations
- Secondary compiler table, not a registry document; the 'sold 1948?' disposition carries the compiler's own question mark - sale is not established by this source. Yard number attribution is the compilation's, unverified against surviving yard records. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-04
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[5]National Museum of the U.S. Navy (NMUSN/NHHC), 'Landing Craft Infantry (Large)-10 (USS LCI(L)-10)' class page and photo captions [museum_official]
- Locator
- NMUSN LCI(L)-10 page, class description paragraph and 19-LCM-Box-450 photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Navy museum description of the type: Navy-designed LCI craft 'were launched by the hundreds'; 'the same hull was modified into mortar, gunboat and rocket versions to give direct fire support for amphibious assaults; others were altered for use as landing craft flotilla flagships.' Page photo captions document sister craft LCI(L)-691 at George Lawley & Son Corporation, Neponset, MA, June 1944 - confirming the yard's contemporaneous LCI production during this hull's construction period.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Class context - LCI construction yards including George Lawley & Son Corp., Neponset
- Limitations
- Class-level description that does not name LCI-660; photo captions cover sister hulls, not this vessel. Used for class/era context only. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-05
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[6]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications block (all-diesel GM propulsion, no steam plant); NHHC/NMUSN class description (ev-05); NAVSEA asbestos-specification index (ev-07); GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; NAVSEA FOIA reading room asbestos index; GAO HRD-80-2 product page; NARA asbestos research guide (ev-09) for where hull-level proof would sit
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- This hull was a diesel-powered LCI-351-class landing craft. Navy-wide asbestos specifications and later insulation policy identify product categories for archival research, but do not show which materials, if any, were installed on LCI-660. A boiler/turbine pathway does not apply to the diesel configuration described by NavSource.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Limitations
- Class/era research context only. No hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, product quantity, or individual exposure record was located. The NAVSEA index largely post-dates 1944, so it cannot establish a 1944 installation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-06
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[7]NAVSEA (Naval Sea Systems Command) FOIA Reading Room, 'Asbestos Related Files' - index of Navy qualified-products lists (QPLs) and military specifications for asbestos-containing shipboard materials [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAVSEA FOIA reading room asbestos index table (QPL-15091, QPL-15342, QPL-16265, QPL-17340/17349, QPL-46, QPL-16680, QPL-2781, QPL-3316b)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Official Navy index documenting asbestos-specified product categories specified in Navy records: insulation felt (asbestos fiber), metallic-asbestos spiral-wound gaskets, asbestos rod high-pressure packing, compressed asbestos sheet gasket material, magnesia-aggregate deck covering, thermal pipe covering, thermal insulation block, insulation cement, and cement adhesive for thermal insulation; potential research categories only.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1949-1996 (indexed QPL coverage); 1944 (hull construction era)
- Population
- Navy shipboard material specification context
- Limitations
- Specification-level index: documents asbestos-specified categories but does not prove procurement or installation on this hull; the indexed QPL documents mostly post-date this hull's February 1944 construction (shown coverage runs roughly 1949-1996) and none names LCI-660. Does not establish installed materials aboard this hull, quantity, or individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-07
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[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2, product page and full report PDF pp. 1-2
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reported that asbestos thermal insulation was a major Navy shipboard use and that specifications were changed in 1973 toward asbestos-free thermal insulation; some ships still received asbestos insulation as late as May 1978.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation from a 1979 review of Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, not George Lawley & Sons. It does not identify LCI-660 or establish its 1944 materials. The GAO product page and full PDF were accessible on 2026-09-30.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-08
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[9]National Archives research guide, 'Researching Asbestos aboard US Naval Vessel up through 1961' [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA asbestos guide: Beginning Research; Bureau of Ships correspondence; Cartographic Branch / Ship Engineering Drawings (S39, S48); deck-logs caveat
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's official asbestos-research guide identifies where hull-level proof would sit: RG 19 Bureau of Ships correspondence (1940-1961, filed by hull designation) and RG 19 ship engineering drawings (Hull Series, arranged by hull number and Ship Material Group - S39 Insulation and Lagging and S48 Piping drawings, plus the more detailed microfilm series). The guide notes that RG 24 deck logs and muster rolls 'do not provide any information on the use of or presence of asbestos in Navy ships.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1941-1961 research guidance
- Limitations
- Research guidance, not a search or finding for hull 660. Relevant S39/S48 drawings and correspondence have not been obtained; their existence and contents for this hull remain unknown - this row maps where verification would occur, nothing more.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-09
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[10]Batch-5387 search ledger (this record): NavSource page (verified live); ComFifthFlt OpPlan 13-44 Annex C facsimile; U.S. Pacific Fleet roster archival transcription, 1 May 1945; NHHC DANFS slug sweep (no entry); shipbuildinghistory Lawley yard list; uboat.net; NMUSN class page; NAVSEA asbestos index; GAO product page; NARA asbestos guide; CourtListener (partially blocked - see ledger); secondary web litigation sweep; NARA deck-log/drawing leads [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-01 through sl-14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, S39/S48 drawing, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-660 / LCI(G)-660 / LCI(M)-660 was found in the public sources searched. On CourtListener the exact quoted-designation opinion query "LCI(L)-660" returned zero results (HTTP 200, count 0), and an unquoted 'LCI-660' query returned 102 loose-token results with no qualifying asbestos case among top-ranked hits. CAVEAT: the remaining refined queries ('LCI(G)-660', 'LCI(M)-660', 'LCI 660' asbestos) and remaining RECAP docket queries hit the fleet-wide pacing budget and did not complete; one exact-name RECAP docket query, "USS LCI(L)-660", returned zero results (HTTP 200, count 0) - those variants remain open. Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing material (mesotheliomahope.com, asbestos-ships.com, mesowatch.org, asbestos.com) asserting asbestos aboard landing craft or at the Lawley yard without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the craft was built inside the Navy's asbestos-specification era, and NARA's guide (ev-09) maps exactly where hull-level proof would sit (RG 19 hull-series S39 insulation/lagging drawings, Bureau of Ships correspondence). The litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (partially blocked, not fully run). Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-660-lcil660-10