Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-667 - construction, service, Project Hula transfer as DS-40, 1955 return, spec block (history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150667.htm header block, campaign table, specification block, and photo caption
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LCI-351 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 11 March 1944 at George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, MA; launched 18 March 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-667 on 28 March 1944; International Radio Call Sign NPRY. Assigned Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater: Invasion of southern France, 15 August to 21 September 1944. Decommissioned and transferred as part of Project Hula to the Soviet Union at Cold Bay, AK, 10 June 1945, designated Soviet Landing Ship DS-40. As DS-40, participated in the Soviet invasion of the Japanese Kuril Islands between 18 August and 1 September 1945. Returned to U.S. Naval custody in 1955 and struck from the Naval Register; final disposition 'fate unknown.' One battle star for WWII service; awards American Campaign Medal, Europe-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal (1 star), Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, WWII Victory Medal. Spec block: 246 t. light / 264 t. landing / 419 t. loaded; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kts max; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted; five single 20mm guns; propulsion two sets of 4 GM diesels (4 per shaft), 1,600 BHP, twin variable-pitch propellers. Photograph documents the hull in dry dock at Miami, FL, February 1945 (credited Russ Padden).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1955
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (Mar 1944); LCI(L)-667 crew, 4 officers + 24 enlisted + embarked troops (Mar 1944 - Jun 1945); Soviet crew as DS-40 (1945-1955)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation - its stated source is the Turner Publishing veterans'-association history (1995), not a primary registry; milestone dates corroborated by shipbuildinghistory, uboat.net, and the NHHC Project Hula appendix. The Kuril Islands participation claim is attributed at hull level only to this source - NHHC's Russell documents sixteen transferred LCI(L)s at Shumshu without naming the individual hulls. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-01
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[2]Shipbuilding History (Tim Colton), 'Landing Craft Infantry LCI(L)' per-hull construction table - builder and disposition row for hull 667 [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com LCI(L) table, hull row 667
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Shipbuilding History LCI(L) construction table row for this hull: LCI(L)-667, George Lawley & Sons, Neponset MA, delivered/commissioned 28-Mar-44, disposition 'To the USSR 1945.' Table documents 923 LCI(L)s built by ten shipyards.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1944)
- Limitations
- Secondary yard-production compilation (Tim Colton) - corroborates builder and disposition; the single date column reflects delivery/commissioning, not laydown or launch. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-lcil667-02
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[3]Russell, Richard A., Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan (Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy, Washington, 1997; U.S. Navy in the Modern World series no. 4) - appendix transfer table and narrative (HyperWar/ibiblio mirror of the NHHC PDF; HTML mirror at generalstaff.org) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Russell, Project Hula (NHC 1997), appendix table 'U.S. Navy Combatant Ships Transferred...' (LCI(L) block) and LCI(L) training/Shumshu/return-negotiations narrative sections
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC publication documents this hull's Project Hula disposition: appendix table lists LCI(L) 667 -> DS-40, transfer date 10 June (1945), disposition '1955-returned' (appendix sourced from NAVSHIPS 250-012, Ships' Data: U.S. Naval Vessels vol. II, 1 Jan 1949, and S. S. Berezhnoi's Soviet lend-lease reference). Narrative documents: the first fifteen-ship LCI(L) group's Soviet crews began training at Cold Bay 7 May 1945 (15-day cycle; 100 Soviet officers and 800 enlisted trained in general ship operation and amphibious warfare across the LCI(L) program); the group's transfer ceremony was held 9 June 1945; sixteen transferred LCI(L)s spearheaded the Shumshu landing of 18 August 1945 and Japanese shore batteries destroyed five (the appendix's combat losses are DS-1, DS-5, DS-9, DS-43, and DS-47 - DS-40 is not among them); and in summer 1955 the Navy spent approximately $250,000 recovering 89 ships from the Soviet navy, which earned $6,537 from their sale as scrap - 15 of the 149 vessels received at Cold Bay were returned LCI(L)s.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-1955
- Population
- Soviet trainees at Cold Bay (May-Jun 1945); Soviet DS-40 crew (1945-1955); U.S. personnel at transfer
- Limitations
- Authoritative NHHC publication with appendix-level hull data; the narrative does not name which specific hulls landed at Shumshu versus operated against northern Korea or Sakhalin - NavSource's claim that DS-40 was in the Kuril operation is consistent with (but not independently confirmed by) this source. The '1955-returned' disposition establishes return to U.S. custody; the hull-level disposal record is not given (mass scrap sale documented at cohort level). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-lcil667-03
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[4]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LCI(L)-667 (LCI(L)-667) - hull data block and convoy UGS-41 event record [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/21732 data block and 'Notable events' UGS-41 entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net records this hull: LCI 351 class, built by George Lawley & Sons (Neponset, MA); laid down 13 March 1944 (conflicts with NavSource's 11 March - see gaps); launched 18 March 1944; commissioned 28 March 1944; end service 10 June 1945, 'Transferred to the USSR 10 June 1945.' Notable event: convoy UGS-41 departed Hampton Roads 3 May 1944 for the Mediterranean, LCI(L)-667 sailing under Lt.(jg) J. L. Dowd, USNR, in company with fifteen other LCI(L)s plus USS Chepachet, USS Merak, and USS Betelgeuse, escorted by Task Force 62.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Crew under Lt.(jg) J. L. Dowd, USNR (May 1944); embarked troops in transit
- Limitations
- Specialist secondary convoy/warship database, not an official registry - convoy rosters are compiled from operational records but the laydown date conflicts with NavSource (11 vs 13 March). The commanding-officer listing reflects May 1944 only. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-lcil667-04
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[5]NARA, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (Bradley, Kurtz, et al., comps.; NARA, 1978) - LCI(L)-667 logbook entry (Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center scan of the NARA publication, printed p. 348) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL44 'Ships with Symbol and Number Designations' section, printed p. 348 (ACPL scan display page 374)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Special List 44 lists two logbooks for LCI(L)-667 covering 28 March 1944 - 9 June 1945: commissioning day through the day before the 10 June 1945 Soviet transfer - i.e., effectively complete U.S. commissioned-service coverage. The logbooks are held at the National Archives and are not digitized.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- Crew and embarked personnel recorded in deck logs (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - establishes that deck logs exist at NARA for the full commissioned period; the logbooks' contents (ports, availabilities, personnel) have not been examined and are not digitized. Coverage ends one day before transfer, consistent with the 10 June 1945 handover. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-lcil667-05
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[6]Era inference built on: NavSource LCI-351-class spec block (twin GM diesel sets, no steam plant); shipbuildinghistory LCI(L) program documentation (923 hulls, ten yards, 1942-44 construction); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era program documentation (see ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; shipbuildinghistory LCI(L) program table; GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered steel landing craft built March 1944 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard small diesel combatants of this period were engine and diesel-exhaust lagging, machinery insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation, concentrated in the confined engine compartment and pilot-house/cabin spaces of a 158-foot hull. As a diesel craft she carried no boilers or steam turbines - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1955
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1944); crew (1944-45); Soviet crew as DS-40 (1945-55); unknown disposal-scrapping workers (1955-56)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-667. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. No yard-level asbestos documentation exists for George Lawley & Sons (closed 1946, predating federal workplace-surveillance programs). Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-lcil667-06
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[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (March 1944) and U.S. commissioned-service era (1944-45), though not its subsequent Soviet service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved - gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches (confirmed 2026-09-30, a standing defect since Batch 01); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-lcil667-07
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[8]Batch-5394 search ledger (this record): NavSource page; shipbuildinghistory LCI(L) table; NHHC Russell Project Hula (PDF + HTML mirrors); uboat.net hull/convoy record; NARA Special List 44 (ACPL scan); NavalCoverMuseum; secondary web litigation sweep; CourtListener (see ledger for status) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-667-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS LCI(L)-667 / DS-40 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener exact-phrase queries returned 0 opinions for "LCI(L)-667" and "LCI-667" and 0 dockets for "LCI(L)-667" (verified 2026-09-30); an unquoted query returned only unrelated 'LCI' name-collisions (e.g., LCI International telecom litigation). Secondary sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing content (e.g., mesowatch.org's George Lawley & Sons page asserting asbestos exposure across a '1940s-1980s' span at a yard that closed in 1946 - boilerplate, excluded by source policy).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. CourtListener coverage is exact-phrase only - opinions that name the hull with other spellings (e.g., 'LCI 667', 'LCI(L) 667') or describe it indirectly would not surface; docket coverage reflects RECAP, not all federal dockets. Deck logs (2 volumes, 28 Mar 1944 - 9 Jun 1945) exist at NARA but are undigitized; builder work orders and the 1955 disposal record are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-667-lcil667-08