Evidence
16 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-16).
-
[1]research packet 457-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-675-lcil675-pkt-457-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-675 (archive 10/15/150675; history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing 1995; page verified live, last updated 18 June 2021) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150675.htm header timeline, campaign table, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 3 April 1944 at George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, MA; launched 12 April 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-675, 19 April 1944. Assigned Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater; one battle star for the Invasion of Southern France, 15 August-16 September 1944. 'Decommissioned and transferred as part of Project Hula to the Soviet Union at Cold Bay, AK., 10 June 1945, designated Soviet Landing Ship DS-42.' NavSource further credits ex-LCI(L)-675 (DS-42) with the Soviet invasion of the Kuril Islands, 18 August-1 September 1945; 'Returned to US Naval custody in 1955 and struck from the Naval Register'; 'Final Disposition, fate unknown.' Spec block: 246 t. light / 419 t. loaded; 158'5.5"; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troops 6+182; propulsion two sets of 4 GM diesels, 4 per shaft, 1,600 bhp, twin variable-pitch propellers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1955
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (Apr 1944); crew (Apr 1944-Jun 1945); Soviet crew (1945-1955)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation drawing on the Turner LCI history volume - not a primary registry. Contains no asbestos content. The Kuril-operation credit for DS-42 conflicts in emphasis with the NHHC Russell monograph (July-trained LCI(L)s led the Kuril assault; June-transfer craft operated against northern Korea) - see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-01
-
[3]Richard A. Russell, 'Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan,' Naval Historical Center (NHHC predecessor), 1997 - official Navy history monograph; transfer appendix and photo captions (HyperWar/ibiblio mirror of the NHC PDF; verified live, 200) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Appendix pp. 38-39 (transfer table); p. 23 (9 June 1945 flag ceremony captions); pp. 30-31 (Kuril assault); pp. 33-34 (1955 returns)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The monograph's Appendix table 'U.S. Navy Combatant Ships Transferred to the USSR Under Project HULA, May-September 1945' lists LCI(L) 675 -> Soviet DS-42 with transfer date 10 June (first LCI(L) group; the table's disposition cell for DS-42 is blank). Photo captions document the transfer ceremony: 'lowering of the American flag on board LCI(l)s, 9 June 1945. These craft took part in operations against Japanese forces in northern Korea.' Text: 'In late August, Popov informed Maxwell that LCI(L)s trained by Navy Detachment 3294 in July had led the main attack in the Kuril Islands'; '16 American-built LCI(L)s recently acquired at Cold Bay, hastily unloaded the second wave... Japanese shore batteries destroyed five of the vulnerable LCI(L)s' (Shumshu, 18-19 Aug 1945). Program scale: 'In 142 days, Navy Detachment 3294 had transferred 149 ships to the Soviet navy.' Returns: the Soviet navy returned 89 ships in summer 1955 including '27 frigates and 15 LCI(L)s,' sold as scrap for $6,537 total.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-1955
- Population
- U.S. and Soviet transfer crews, Cold Bay (Jun 1945); Soviet crews (1945-55)
- Limitations
- Strongest available ship-specific disposition source (NHHC-published appendix names this hull and Soviet designation), but the table's DS-42 disposition cell is blank and the Kuril/Korea attribution is group-level - NavSource's hull-specific Kuril credit for DS-42 is not independently confirmed here. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-02
-
[4]NARA Special List 44, 'List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947' - 'Ships With Symbol and Number Designations' section, printed p. 349 (ACPL Genealogy Center digitization, frame narasl44/375.jpg, verified live) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL44 printed p. 349 (F-LCI(L) numbered-designations section); scanned frame http://genealogycenter.net/nara/images/narasl44/375.jpg
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA SL44 inventories one logbook for LCI(L)-675 covering 'Apr. 19, 1944-June 9, 1945' - the full commissioned U.S. career: the start date matches the documented commissioning (19 Apr 1944) and the end date (9 Jun 1945) is the day the American flag was lowered aboard the first Project Hula LCI(L) group at Cold Bay, one day before the formal 10 June transfer date in the NHHC Russell appendix.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-04-19 to 1945-06-09
- Population
- Deck-log writers / OOD personnel (1944-45); future researchers
- Limitations
- A logbook inventory entry - locates the record and bounds the U.S. log-keeping period; it is NOT evidence that coverage endpoints equal commissioning/decommissioning dates by rule, and it says nothing about asbestos. The physical logbook (RG 24) is not digitized; contents unexamined.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-03
-
[5]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LCI(L)-675 (LCI(L)-675), LCI 351 class - build data and wartime event reconstruction (convoy UGS-43 composition) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship page 21740 (spec block; 'Notable events' 23 May / 12 Jun 1944 convoy UGS-43 entries)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net repeats the Lawley/Neponset build (laid down 3 Apr 1944, launched 12 Apr 1944, commissioned 19 Apr 1944, end of U.S. service 10 Jun 1945, 'Transferred to the USSR 10 June 1945') and reconstructs her Atlantic crossing: convoy UGS-43 departed Hampton Roads 23 May 1944 with LCI(L)-675 under Lt.(jg) J.F. Tobin, USNR, arriving Bizerta 12 June 1944 with the convoy's other LCI(L)s (590-596, 674, 951-954) under Task Force 64 escort - the Mediterranean transit preceding the Southern France operation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Crew, UGS-43 passage (May-Jun 1944)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled secondary database (Gumundur Helgason's uboat.net); convoy reconstruction and officer attribution are not Navy-primary records. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-04
-
[6]Shipbuilding History (Tim Colton compilation), 'Landing Craft, Infantry (Large) - LCI(L)' complete hull table, via Wayback capture (live site page 404s; archived copy labeled as archived) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Wayback capture 2010-05-27, LCI(L) hull table, row 675
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The full-hull table lists 'LCI(L) | 675 | Lawley & Sons, George | Neponset MA | [laid] 43 | [compl.] Apr-44 | To the USSR 1945, struck 1955' - an independent third corroboration of the Lawley builder and the 1955 strike year alongside NavSource and uboat.net.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1955
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation (no longer live - archived copy; URL is a Wayback capture, presented as such). Carries only year-level dates for build/disposal. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-05
-
[7]NARA photograph, NAID 205578950 / local ID 26-G-08-22-44(2), U.S. Coast Guard photo 0822442 - metadata transcribed in NavSource caption ('USS LCI(L)-675 disembarking replacement troops at Normandy, circa August 1944', credit Bill Brinkley) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA NAID 205578950 (RG 26 Coast Guard series); NavSource 10/15/150675.htm photo caption
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A U.S. Coast Guard photograph held at NARA depicts this hull disembarking troops; the NavSource-transcribed caption places it 'at Normandy, circa August 1944.' The caption location is disputed: the ship was in the Mediterranean by 12 June 1944 (convoy UGS-43 to Bizerta) for Dragoon staging, and secondary commentary argues the frame more likely shows a training exercise or the Southern France assault.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- circa 1944
- Population
- Embarked troops and crew shown (Aug 1944 timeframe per caption)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - the caption's 'Normandy' attribution conflicts with the documented Mediterranean operating picture and rests on the original captioner, not the record. NARA catalog page is JS-rendered and could not be directly fetched; identifiers transcribed via NavSource. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-06
-
[8]Indiana University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Special Collections - Fausold Collection exhibit (Scottdale 1939-1950 narrative page) [museum_official]
- Locator
- lib.iup.edu/depts/speccol exhibit narrative, 'United State Navy Ensign Martin L. Fausold' caption block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Fausold family papers exhibit documents Ens. Martin L. Fausold, USNR: commissioned out of Midshipmen's School, Chicago, and assigned as communications officer aboard USS LCI(L) 675 at Boston in 1944; the collection notes the ship's Southern France invasion service four months later. Officer correspondence between father and son is held in the collection - a named-crew primary archive for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Ens. Martin L. Fausold (communications officer, 1944)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the exhibit page is a university-library finding narrative, not the underlying correspondence (uncited verbatim). Establishes a named officer's assignment, not exposure conditions. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-07
-
[9]Library of Virginia, World War II Separation Notices: Navy (FromThePage transcription work 1142092-006-116-001) - NAVPERS-553 Notice of Separation for Thomas Mansfield Burruss, S1c USNR (SV) [other_primary]
- Locator
- FromThePage work 1142092-006-116-001, 'Record of Naval Service / Service Vessels and Stations' field
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- An official separation notice in the Library of Virginia's WWII Navy separation records lists 'USS LCI(L) 675' among the service vessels and stations of Thomas Mansfield Burruss, S1c (USNR-SV), of Partlow, VA - entry to active service 4 January 1944, honorable separation at USNPSC Shelton, VA; vessels listed: NTS Sampson NY; PhibTraBase Solomons MD; USS LCI(L) 675; ATB Camp Bradford NOB NorVa; USS Poseidon. A second named-crew attestation for this hull in a state archives.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- S1c Thomas M. Burruss (crew, ~1944-46)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - a personnel record naming the hull, not a ship or exposure record; the individual's dates aboard and duties are not further documented here. The FromThePage transcription is flagged 'Needs Review' (volunteer transcription, unverified against the scan). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-08
-
[10]Fleischer WE, Viles FJ Jr, Gade RL, Drinker P. 'A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels.' J Ind Hyg Toxicol. 1946 Jan;28(1):9-16. PMID 21016030 [other_primary]
- Locator
- PMID 21016030 (PubMed abstract/metadata verified live)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- The U.S. Public Health Service's wartime health survey of pipe-covering (insulation) operations on naval vessels under construction at contract shipyards documented asbestos insulation work - predominantly asbestos pipe covering (85%-magnesia and similar) cut and fitted aboard hulls during outfitting - across the same contract-yard system that built this ship in April 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 survey (published Jan 1946)
- Population
- Contract-shipyard pipe coverers/insulators, WWII naval construction
- Limitations
- Era documentation only - surveyed contract yards did not include Lawley/Neponset and no hull of this class is named; establishes that Navy-contract construction used asbestos insulation materials in this period, not that this hull carried any specific product. Note: the study's methodology is criticized in Kelly RJ, 'When errors become etched in stone,' New Solutions 2026 (PMID 42307414) - its dust measurements understate exposure; use as era context, not an exposure estimate.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-09
-
[11]Shuman v. United States, 765 F.2d 283 (1st Cir. 1985) - appellate opinion describing the Navy's 1943 'Minimum Requirements for Safety and Industrial Health in Contract Shipyards' and wartime asbestos-dust conditions at a Navy contract yard (Justia republication; CourtListener ID not retrievable this session - fleet pacing) [court_record]
- Locator
- 765 F.2d 283, 'Factual Background' / Minimum Requirements discussion
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- The First Circuit recounts district findings that the Navy and Maritime Commission's 'Minimum Requirements' (promulgated January/February 1943, binding on Navy contract yards) dealt in part with asbestos-dust hazards, that Navy inspectors observed open asbestos and dust conditions in contract-yard work areas, and that upper-echelon Navy officials knew by 1940 that asbestos dust posed a significant health hazard - documenting the regulated asbestos regime under which Lawley built this hull in 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1943 (regime); opinion 1985
- Population
- Contract-shipyard workers under Navy/Maritime Commission jurisdiction (1943-45 regime)
- Limitations
- Era/regulatory context via a court's summary of trial findings about Bethlehem's Fore River yard - not about Lawley or this hull, and the government ultimately prevailed on discretionary-function grounds (exposure findings unreversed but claim barred). Establishes the Navy contract-yard asbestos-control regime existed during this build, nothing more. Justia mirror of the F.2d opinion; preferred CourtListener cite pending quota.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-10
-
[12]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - the standing program context for WWII-era Navy hulls, including small amphibious craft.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull or class. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, standing defect since Batch-01) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-11
-
[13]National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places continuation sheets - USS LCI-713 nomination (LCI(L)-351-class sister hull, same builder: George Lawley & Sons, Neponset; preserved at Astoria/Portland, OR) [nps]
- Locator
- NRHP continuation sheet sections 7-8 (narrative description; construction; yard survey)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The surviving sister hull's NRHP documentation describes the class's construction and materials: 'generally constructed of 1/4" steel plate,' welded throughout for rapid assembly-line production; eight General Motors 6-71 diesel engines in two banks; and 'structurally, essentially unchanged since World War II.' It also documents the Lawley yard's role - the oldest yard assigned LCIs (est. 1866), builder of approximately 160 LCIs and 47 LCS(L)s, closed right after WWII - and the class division into square-conn, side-ramper, and center-ramper variants.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 construction-era description; nomination 2007
- Population
- Museum/restoration personnel aboard LCI-713 (1977-present); Lawley trades (1942-45)
- Limitations
- Class-level context from a nomination written for a different hull (LCI-713, center-ramper). The nomination contains NO mention of asbestos, insulation, or lagging whatsoever (full-text searched) - it neither establishes nor excludes materials aboard this hull. Its internal milestone dates for LCI-713 conflict with NavSource (launched July 27 vs laid down July 27/launched Aug 5) - nomination used for construction description only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-12
-
[14]Batch-5403 search ledger (this record): NavSource; NHHC Russell Project Hula PDF; NARA SL44 scan; uboat.net; Shipbuilding History (Wayback); NARA NAID lead; IUP Fausold collection; Library of Virginia separation notices; PubMed; GAO product page; Justia F.2d; CourtListener (partial - pacing); NPS NRHP [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-675-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, docketed case, or VA/BVA decision naming USS LCI(L)-675 or DS-42 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion search '"LCI(L)-675" OR "LCI-675"' returned zero results (2026-09-30); the docket-index query and remaining name variants were fleet-pace-limited this session and remain open - logged as blocked, not a negative result. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying litigation and no marketing-source claims for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - this hull's Soviet service (1945-55) and undocumented final disposition leave any post-transfer material record essentially unreachable in U.S. public sources. The one physical logbook (RG 24, per SL44) is undigitized. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-13
-
[15]Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum (USS LCI-713, Portland OR) - 'Name Memorial Lifejacket' donation list, November 2024 web edition (PDF, verified live; same entry also on the museum's completed-lifejackets page, amphibiousforces.org/Donations/AALifejacketCompleted.htm) [museum_official]
- Locator
- 20241127WebList.pdf donations table (Waggoner row); AALifejacketCompleted.htm same entry
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The museum's memorial-lifejacket donation list records a jacket inscribed for 'Waggoner, Alfred Alfred Waggoner RM3/c LCI 675, LCI 355' - a third named-crew attestation for this hull (radioman third class), alongside service on LCI(L)-355.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- c. 1944-45
- Population
- RM3/c Alfred Waggoner (crew, WWII era)
- Limitations
- A commemorative donor artifact, not a service record - it attests a veteran's claimed service aboard the hull, not duties, dates aboard, or exposure conditions. Museum list, not an official personnel file. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-14
-
[16]MIT Museum, Hart Nautical Collections - George Lawley & Son organization record (Organization ID 1754) and McInnis-Lawley Collection (mitmuseum.mit.edu/collections/collection/mcinnis-lawley-collection) [museum_official]
- Locator
- mitmuseum.mit.edu org 1754 'Description' + 'Related objects' (LCI(L), 1988.075R.001); McInnis-Lawley collection scope note
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- MIT Museum holds the surviving archive of this hull's builder: the organization record describes the Neponset yard operating from the 1860s 'before closing in 1946' and building 'dozens of World War II landing craft'; the McInnis-Lawley collection holds ~1,700 plan sheets representing ~150 yard designs, and the related-objects list includes an item titled 'LCI(L)' (object 1988.075R.001) - a lead on the builder's own drawings/specifications for the class that produced this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- yard archive, c. 1866-1946
- Limitations
- Builder-level archival lead only - no evidence the collection documents this specific hull, and no asbestos or materials specification has been examined in it. MIT site rate-limits plain HTTP (429); content verified via search fetch and firecrawl render 2026-09-30.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-675-15