Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet 460-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-pkt-460-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-693 - construction, service assignment, occupation duty, reserve lay-up, specifications, awards (history per Turner Publishing, USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry', Vol. II, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150693.htm header block, service history, awards display, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 25 May 1944 at George Lawley & Sons, Neponset, MA; launched 3 June 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-693, 10 June 1944. WWII assignment: Asiatic-Pacific Theater, LCI Flotilla Thirty-Seven (LCDR J. P. Moore), LCI Group One Hundred Nine (LCDR J. W. Detwiler USNR), LCI Division Two Hundred Seventeen. Post-war: occupation service in the Far East, 15-22 October 1945; decommissioned (date unknown); laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet, Columbia River Group, March 1946; struck from the Naval Register (date unknown); final disposition fate unknown. Spec block: LCI-351 class; 246 t. light / 264 t. landing / 419 t. loaded; 158' 5.5" x 23' 3"; 16 kts max; complement 4 officers + 24 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted; cargo 75 tons; five single 20mm guns; 2" plastic splinter protection on gun turrets, conning tower and pilot house; two sets of 4 General Motors 6051-series-71 diesel engines (4 per shaft), GM main reduction gears, two diesel-drive 30kW 120V DC ship's service generators, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp; endurance 4,000 miles at 12 kts loaded. Awards display: American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal; World War II Victory Medal; Navy Occupation Medal with Asia clasp - no battle stars shown.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (May-Jun 1944); crew 4 officers + 24 enlisted per spec (1944-46); embarked troops to 188
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track official records but decommissioned/stricken dates are unrecorded here and final disposition is listed as fate unknown (a secondary compilation reports a 1956 target sinking - see ev-04). The page's single photograph is misattributed - NHHC catalogs NH 86190 as LCI(L)-688, a sister (see ev-09). Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-01
-
[3]NHHC, 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' (Navy Department Library transcription) - LCI(L) Flotilla Thirty-Seven, Group 109, Division 217 listing naming this hull and her commanding officer [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- printed pp. ~52 ('LANDING CRAFT FLOTILLAS, PACIFIC FLEET' heading) and ~84-85 (LCI(L) Flotilla Thirty-Seven > Group 109 > Division 217)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official Pacific Fleet organization of 1 May 1945 places this hull in LCI(L) Division 217 - LCI 691 (Lt. jg L. H. Zwicker USNR), LCI 692 (Lt. jg D. L. Mitchell USNR), LCI 693 (Lt. jg C. O. Lutton USNR), LCI 694 (Lt. jg B. M. McKinney USNR), LCI 695 (Lt. jg W. T. Smithdeal Jr. USNR), LCI 696 (GF) - under LCI(L) Group 109, LCI(L) Flotilla Thirty-Seven, within the 'LANDING CRAFT FLOTILLAS, PACIFIC FLEET' section of Amphibious Forces, Pacific Fleet (Commander Amphibious Forces: V. Adm. R. K. Turner). Confirms the NavSource flotilla/group/division assignment as of 1 May 1945 and names the hull's commanding officer.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Population
- crew, Lt. (jg) C. O. Lutton (USNR) commanding, 1 May 1945
- Limitations
- Ship-specific organizational record at a single date (1 May 1945): it documents fleet assignment and command, not operations performed - a fleet roster does not establish that this hull participated in any landing. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-02
-
[4]NARA, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 - ships by signal number (PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, PDF page 27, row 'LCI(L)-693 | 6/10/1944 | 6/30/1945'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Special List 44 (ship-number listing) records Navy logbooks held for this hull covering 10 June 1944 through 30 June 1945 - deck logs exist in NARA custody for her entire commissioned period to mid-1945 (RG 24-era holdings; logs of this era are at NARA College Park).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- crew (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the coverage endpoints are log-holdings boundaries, not commissioning/decommissioning dates - the 10 June 1944 start coincides with commissioning, and the 30 June 1945 end is a holdings cutoff common to many LCI rows on the same page. Logs are not digitized in the public catalog (JS-rendered catalog could not be checked for digitization status this session).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-03
-
[5]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton compilation): LCI(L) construction table and George Lawley & Sons yard table - builder, yard hull number, disposition [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory LCI(L) table, row LCI(L)-693; Lawley & Sons yard table, yard hull 1494
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Per-hull table entry: 'LCI(L)-693 | Lawley & Sons | Neponset MA | 10 Jun 1944 | laid up 1946, sunk as target 1956'; Lawley yard table lists her as yard hull 1494. Class context: 923 LCI(L)s built by ten U.S. shipyards to the standard Bureau of Ships design; 'disposed-of' table entries are short-hand where the compiler lacked final records. Corroborates NavSource construction dates and supplies a disposition NavSource lacks.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1956
- Population
- crew (1944-46); target-towing/sinking detail (1956)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation (the standard reference for small-yard WWII construction), not a primary registry: the 1956 target sinking is unattributed to a specific order or location, and NavSource lists this hull's fate as unknown - carried as the best available disposition with partial verification. Live content verified via the njscuba.net mirror (shipbuildinghistory.com imprint); the canonical .com host answered HEAD 200 but stalled on body fetch this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-04
-
[6]Library of Congress, HAER No. OR-180, 'LCI(L)-713, Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum, Portland, Multnomah County, OR' (NPS Historic American Engineering Record, data pages, historian Justine Christianson, 2012) [haer]
- Locator
- HAER OR-180 data pages (or0606data.pdf), 'Description' and 'Historical Information' sections
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Class construction documentation on a same-yard sister: LCI(L)-713 was built at George Lawley & Son, Neponset, in 1944 to the standard Bureau of Ships design. The class was welded 1/4-inch steel plate, two decks; engine room contained four pairs of General Motors 6-71 diesel engines connected to two shafts and variable-pitch propellers; five single 20mm Oerlikon cannon; troop transport 182 enlisted + 6 officers. Designed for rapid wartime construction and to discharge troops directly onto beaches via ramps. The data pages discuss construction and machinery in detail and make no mention of asbestos or insulation materials.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 construction era; documentation 2012
- Population
- LCI-351-class construction trades and crews (class-wide)
- Limitations
- Class-level record of a sister hull (LCI(L)-713), not this hull: material contents of LCI(L)-693 are not established by it. Absence of any insulation-materials mention in the HAER data pages is itself not evidence of absence aboard - HAER did not perform a hazmat survey. Post-June-1944 configuration notes (cylindrical pilot house, centerline ramp) describe later-built hulls and are not applied to this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-05
-
[7]Era inference built on: NavSource LCI-351 spec block (diesel propulsion, 1944 construction); HAER OR-180 (welded-steel mass-production BuShips design); shipbuildinghistory class table (923 hulls, ten yards); GAO HRD-80-2 (see ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; HAER OR-180 data pages; shipbuildinghistory class table; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A welded-steel diesel amphibious vessel built in 1944 to a Bureau of Ships design sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were machinery and diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation in the below-decks engineering and accommodation spaces. As a diesel vessel she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam ships does not apply - and her small size and austere troop-carrying design imply materially less insulation fit-out than a large combatant, though not its absence.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1956
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1944); crew 4 + 24 (1944-46); embarked troops to 188; target-handling crews (1956)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-693. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1944) and service era (1944-46, reserve to 1956).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-30) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-07
-
[9]Batch-5423 search ledger (this record): NavSource; NHHC DANFS + Pacific Fleet Organization 1 May 1945; NARA Special List 44 ship-number PDF; shipbuildinghistory class + Lawley yard tables; uboat.net; LOC HAER OR-180; GAO product page; CourtListener authenticated API v4; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-01 through -16
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-693 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener exact-phrase opinion searches on "LCI(L)-693" and "LCI-693" each returned zero results (API v4, 2026-09-30); remaining variants ("LCI 693", "USS LCI-693", type=r docket search) were attempted but intermittently blocked by the fleet pacing limiter - logged in search_ledger. Secondary sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing content (asbestos-ships.com 'landing craft asbestos' page and similar listicles) asserting asbestos without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. Numbered amphibious hulls are rarely named in litigation pleadings - claims name products, yards, or fleet units; the variant-query gap is noted, and a negative result on the exact designation is a narrow check. Deck logs (Special List 44 coverage), Lawley work packages, and the 1956 target-sinking record are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-08
-
[10]NHHC photo catalog entry NH 86190 ('USS LCI-688 ... In San Francisco Bay, California, after the end of World War II. Courtesy of Donald M. McPherson, 1977') vs NavSource captioning of the same image on this hull's page. ARCHIVED COPY - live NHHC URL returned 404 to automated fetch on 2026-09-30; Wayback capture of 2025-12-16 used (live URL: https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/NH-86000/NH-86190.html) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150693.htm image block vs NavSource 10/15/150688.htm caption and NHHC NH 86190 catalog entry
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION: the single photograph displayed on NavSource's LCI(L)-693 page (image 1015069301, 'USS LCI(L)-693 underway in San Francisco Bay ... circa 1945-46, US Naval History and Heritage Command photo # NH 86190') is misattributed. NHHC catalogs NH 86190 as USS LCI-688 in San Francisco Bay after WWII, and NavSource's own LCI(L)-688 page captions the same NHHC photo correctly ('Homeward Bound! ... Note the Howard Bound Pennant, circa 1946'). The depicted hull is sister LCI(L)-688, not 693; no verified photograph of LCI(L)-693 was located.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- circa 1946 (photo); attribution error current
- Limitations
- Corrects a photo attribution, not a material claim. NHHC page for NH 86190 returned 404 to automated fetch this session; catalog text confirmed via search index snippet and NavSource's correctly-captioned LCI(L)-688 page. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-693-lcil693-09