Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet 462-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LCI(L)-709 | Hull: LCI(L)-709 | Designation: LCI(L) | Type: Landing Craft Infantry
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-pkt-462-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive, Cockatoo (AMCU-21) ex-LCI(L)-709 - construction timeline, WWII campaigns, AMCU conversion, specifications, disposal; photo archive including scanned 6 November 1953 commissioning program [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/0421.htm header timeline, 'LCI Specifications' block, photo captions (USS LCI(L)-709 and USS Cockatoo (AMCU-21) sections)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 11 July 1944 as LCI(L)-709 by George Lawley and Son, Neponset, MA; launched 20 July 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-709, 27 July 1944; participated in the Consolidation of the Southern Philippines - Mindanao Island landings 10 March 1945, and Sulu Archipelago landings 2-4 and 9-11 April 1945; named Cockatoo and reclassified Coastal Minesweeper (Underwater Locator), AMCU-21, 7 March 1952; conversion to AMCU-21 began 8 June 1953 at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, WA; recommissioned 6 November 1953 (scan of the commissioning program preserved on the page); conversion completed 3 December 1953; sold in 1960; fate unknown. Page's LCI specification block: displacement 387 t., length 159', beam 23'8", draft 5'8", speed 14 kts., complement 40, armament five 20mm guns + two .50 cal. machine guns, propulsion two sets of four 580shp General Motors diesels ('6051-71' - understood as GM 6-71 series), GM single reduction gear, variable-pitch propellers, two shafts. Photo captions place the hull at Hollandia, New Guinea c.1944, document crew through October 1945, and place the converted AMCU-21 in the 13th Naval District and at San Diego c.1954.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (Jul 1944); LCI crew (1944-c.1946); Pacific Reserve Fleet caretakers (c.1946-53, location undocumented for this hull); Puget Sound NSY conversion trades (Jun-Dec 1953); AMCU-21 crew (1953-c.1960)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track DANFS/NVR and the AMCU-21 naming date is corroborated by DANFS (ev-02), but NavSource documents NO decommissioning or stricken date for either configuration and no WWII-era post-1945 disposition. Contains no asbestos content. 'Sold in 1960' has no documented buyer or disposal contract.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-01
-
[3]DANFS, Cockatoo II (AMCU-21) entry (via Wayback capture 2024-05-26; live NHHC page returned 404 on 2026-09-30) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Cockatoo II (AMCU-21)' entry text
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS documents for this hull: 'On 7 March 1952 LSIL-709 (q.v.) was reclassified AMCU-21 and named Cockatoo.' This officially confirms (a) the AMCU-21 reclassification and naming date NavSource reports, (b) that the hull carried the LSIL-709 (Landing Ship Infantry, Large) designation immediately before reclassification, and (c) that this AMCU-21 was 'the second Cockatoo' - distinct from Cockatoo I (AMc-8), a different hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1952
- Limitations
- DANFS entry is a single sentence - it covers only the reclassification and naming, not construction, WWII service, conversion, or disposal. Cited via Wayback capture because the live NHHC URL returned 404 on 2026-09-30 (NHHC link-rot, the standing defect from BATCH-01). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-02
-
[4]NavalCoverMuseum, 'Designation AMCU - Coastal Minesweeper (Underwater Locator)' hull-number designation table [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavalCoverMuseum Designation_AMCU table, row 21 and neighboring rows 18-20, 22
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The designation table carries 'COCKATOO - AMCU 21 ex LCI(L) 709' with no MHC-21 designation. Neighboring AMCU-7-class conversions (CHEWINK MHC 19, CHIMANGO MHC 20, COTINGA MHC 22) show 'MHC ex AMCU ex LSI(L) ex LCI(L)' designation chains - Cockatoo and Chaffinch (AMCU-18) are among the few that retained the AMCU designation to disposal, consistent with NavSource's AMCU-21-only designation line and with disposal in 1960.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1952-1960
- Limitations
- Secondary philatelic-museum compilation, not a primary registry; corroborates the designation chain only. Absence of an MHC-21 line is absence-of-evidence, not proof she was never so designated - but consistent across NavSource and NavalCoverMuseum. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-03
-
[5]uboat.net, 'Allied Warships of WWII' - USS LCI(L)-709 entry (LCI 351 class) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship detail page 21774, construction and history fields
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Independent secondary corroboration: lists this hull as LCI-351 class, built by George Lawley & Sons (Neponset, Massachusetts); laid down 11 July 1944; launched 20 July 1944; commissioned 27 July 1944; history field 'Sold in 1960.' All fields consistent with NavSource (ev-01).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a volunteer-maintained hobbyist database, not an official/authoritative source - carried as corroboration only; every field it supplies is independently stated by NavSource/DANFS. It does not mention the LSIL-709 or AMCU-21 designations at all (the 'Sold in 1960' fate attaches to the LCI(L)-709 record). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-04
-
[6]Era inference built on: NavSource LCI specification block (diesel plant, no steam); NavSource construction dates (July 1944, inside the documented Navy asbestos-insulation era per GAO HRD-80-2, ev-07); Corn & Starr AJIM 11(3):359-373 (1987) wartime-shipbuilding asbestos-policy documentation; NavSource-documented conversion at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard June-December 1953 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/0421.htm (construction/conversion timeline, spec block); Corn & Starr AJIM 11(3):359-373 (doi 10.1002/ajim.4700110311); shipyards.json entry puget-sound-naval-shipyard
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered landing craft built in July 1944 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a small diesel combatant of this type and period were engine exhaust and muffler lagging, machinery insulation in the engine room, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, deck covering, and fireproofing/insulation panels. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler and steam-line lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply. The June-December 1953 conversion at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard added a documented renovation event at a documented asbestos-yard during the pre-substitution era (conversion scope unknown - rip-out and refit work of that era typically disturbed or installed insulation).
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- Lawley construction trades (1944); LCI crew (1944-c.1946); PSNS conversion trades (1953); AMCU-21 crew (1953-c.1960); buyer/scrappers post-1960 (unknown)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, conversion work package, or hazard record located for LCI(L)-709/AMCU-21. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. The AMCU conversion scope aboard this hull is undocumented - presence of any insulation work is inference from the conversion event itself.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-05
-
[7]Hollins DM, Paustenbach DJ, Clark K, Mangold CA, 'A visual historical review of exposure to asbestos at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard (1962-1972),' J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 12(2):124-156 (2009), PMID 19235622, doi 10.1080/10937400902729176; corroborated by Beckett RR, 'Asbestos exposure control at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard,' Environ Res 11(2):248-260 (1976), PMID 1065583, doi 10.1016/0013-9351(76)90083-9 [other_primary]
- Locator
- PMID 19235622 (abstract/indexing verified via NCBI eutils 2026-09-30; EPA HERO ID 2595959); PMID 1065583 (same verification); shipyards.json puget-sound-naval-shipyard evidence rows ev-01..04
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed documentation of the asbestos work environment at the yard that converted this hull: Hollins et al. review historical asbestos concentrations in Navy shipyards with a majority of photographs depicting work conditions at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard circa 1940-1965 - the period covering this hull's June-December 1953 AMCU conversion - noting high exposures associated with shipyard work 'during and after World War II and the Korean War, as well as with decommissioning.' Beckett (1976) documents asbestos exposure control at PSNS including preformed magnesia block insulation (~15% asbestos), amosite and chrysotile exposure during ship overhaul, rip-out, and installation work (per the shipyard dataset's source summary, DTIC AD0715808 lineage).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- c.1940-1972 (depicted/documented era); papers published 1976 and 2009
- Population
- PSNS Bremerton trades incl. pipe coverers, insulators, boilermakers, shipfitters, machinists, welders (1940-1970s)
- Limitations
- Yard-level documentation, not a hull record - neither paper names LCI(L)-709/LSIL-709/AMCU-21 or its conversion. Hollins' formal review window is 1962-72 but its depicted work conditions span c.1940-1965; Beckett's measurements are 1970s-era - the 1953 conversion predates both measurement programs, and its applicability to this hull's conversion is by era analogy only. Does not establish materials aboard this hull, individual exposure, or quantity.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (July 1944), AMCU conversion (1953), and service/disposal era (through 1960).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch on 2026-09-30 - same standing block noted in BATCH-01/BATCH-98); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-07
-
[9]Batch-5440 search ledger (this record): NavSource AMCU-21 page; DANFS Cockatoo II via Wayback; NavalCoverMuseum AMCU designation table; uboat.net; NVR (no entry - pre-1987 disposal); PubMed/NCBI eutils; GAO (403); CourtListener API v4 (this session + batch-1650 session); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no insulation survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming LCI(L)-709 / LSIL-709 / USS Cockatoo (AMCU-21) was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener (authenticated API v4, 2026-09-30): 'LCI(L)-709' 0 opinions; 'AMCU-21' 0 opinions; 'Cockatoo'+asbestos 0 opinions. Batch-1650 session (2026-09-23, authenticated): 'LSIL-709' 0 opinions; 'USS Cockatoo' 0 RECAP dockets; broad 'Cockatoo' docket sweep - 120 dockets reviewed, all non-qualifying name collisions (bird-custody/wildlife, trademark, unrelated-surname matters). Secondary web sweep (2026-09-30) surfaced no qualifying case and no law-firm coverage specific to this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - RECAP docket coverage of pre-1990s asbestos litigation is uneven, and 'LSIL-709'/'USS Cockatoo' re-checks this session were fleet-paced out (prior-session null results carried forward, dated 2026-09-23). Deck logs, PSNS conversion work packages, and the 1960 disposal/sale record are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-709-lcil709-08