Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-811 - milestones, specifications, awards (history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry' Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150811.htm header timeline, awards display, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LCI-351 class Landing Craft Infantry (Large); laid down 9 August 1944 at New Jersey Ship Building Corp., Barber, N.J.; launched 8 September 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-811, 15 September 1944; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater during World War II; occupation service in the Far East 14 September to 18 November 1945; decommissioned date unknown; struck from the Naval Register date unknown; sold 13 December 1946; final disposition, fate unknown. Awards displayed: American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal; World War II Victory Medal; Navy Occupation Service Medal with Asia clasp. Spec block: 236 t light / 264 t landing / 419 t loaded; 158'5.5" x 23'3"; 16 kts max, 14 kts continuous; complement 4 officers, 24 enlisted; troop capacity 6 officers, 182 enlisted; 75 tons cargo; propulsion two sets of 4 GM 6051-series-71 diesels (4 per shaft), GM main reduction gears, twin variable-pitch propellers, 2,320 shp; five single 20mm guns. International radio call sign NVUW. No images of this hull held in the archive.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (Aug-Sep 1944); crew (Sep 1944 - 1946, 4 officers + 24 enlisted); embarked troops (up to ~188)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation; the hull history is credited to the Turner Publishing USS LCI reunion volume (1995), a commemorative work - milestone data generally tracks official records but the occupation-service dates and decommission/strike status are not independently verified here. Contains no asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-01
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[2]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton), New Jersey Shipbuilding yard table, Barber NJ - hull production list and yard description [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com New Jersey Shipbuilding page, yard table row for hull 811 and site description
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Yard production table row for this hull: LCI(L) 811, US Navy, Landing Craft, delivered September 1944, 'Struck 1946.' Yard description: 'New Jersey Shipbuilding was an assembly line for LCIs on Arthur Kill, in Barber... Management of the yard was taken over by Todd Shipyards in 1942, at the Navy's request, and was closed after the war.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding construction trades (1942-45)
- Limitations
- Specialist secondary compilation (author-maintained yard production tables) - corroborates NavSource construction dates but is not an official registry; 'Struck 1946' fills the strike year NavSource leaves unstated but gives no month/day. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-02
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[3]Historic American Engineering Record AK-52, M/V Husky II (USS LCI(L) 653 / USS Avocet), NPS/Library of Congress - class design history and New Jersey Shipbuilding yard documentation for a same-yard, same-class sister hull [haer]
- Locator
- HAER AK-52 written-data pages 4-7 (builder history, original plans, alterations); footnotes 7, 9-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NPS/HAER documentation of the LCI(L)-351 class and of this hull's builder, written for sister hull LCI(L) 653: New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp., Barber NJ, was incorporated 1942 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Barber Asphalt Corporation, converted the idled asphalt plant on Arthur Kill into an assembly-line landing-craft yard, employed about 2,500 workers under eventual Todd Shipyards management, and produced 375 LCI(L)s including hulls 782-821 (this hull's range); the yard was dismantled after the war. Class design: Bureau of Ships design with George Lawley & Son working plans; welded steel throughout; 15-lb high-tensile steel in the pilothouse; five 20mm guns; eight 6-cylinder GM Series 71 diesel truck engines, four per shaft; variable-pitch propellers; hulls built after June 1, 1944 (including the 782-821 group per Friedman) received the cylindrical pilothouse and single centerline bow ramp. The class's 2-inch plastic splinter protection was 'crushed granite pebbles embedded in bitumen.' BuShips instructed contractors that 'critical materials are to be avoided' and that refinements not contributing to war service be sacrificed.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (yard and class construction)
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding ~2,500 workers (1942-45); class crew 4 officers + 24 sailors
- Limitations
- Class/yard-level documentation compiled for sister hull LCI(L) 653 - this hull (811) is within the documented 782-821 production range but is not itself named or surveyed in the report. The splinter-protection material statement confirms a non-asbestos material for that component only; it does not address insulation, gaskets, packing, or other ship materials, and does not establish presence or absence of asbestos aboard any specific hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-03
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[4]Historic American Engineering Record OR-180, LCI(L)-713 (Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum), NPS/Library of Congress - class measurements and construction description for a surviving sister hull [haer]
- Locator
- HAER OR-180 written-data pages 1-3
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NPS/HAER short-form documentation for LCI(L)-713, an LCI(L)-351-class sister built the same season (keel July 1944, George Lawley & Son, Neoponset MA): 158'5.5" x 23'3"; eight General Motors 6-71 diesels; welded 1/4-inch steel plate construction; approximately 1,051 ships of the type constructed in ten U.S. shipyards; post-June-1-1944 modified design with cylindrical pilothouse and centerline ramp; two decks with troop compartments and crew space below, deckhouse with mess/wardroom/galley on the main deck.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 construction era
- Population
- Class-wide construction trades and crews
- Limitations
- Sister-hull class documentation, not this hull. Contains no asbestos or insulation-material content. The '~1,051 constructed' figure reads higher than the commonly cited ~923 completed LCI(L)s - see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-04
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[5]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (all-diesel GM 6-71 plant); HAER AK-52/OR-180 class construction descriptions (welded steel, assembly-line prefabrication); GAO HRD-80-2 and Corn & Starr 1987 (Navy/WWII-era asbestos use - see ev-06, ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; HAER AK-52 pp. 5-7; HAER OR-180 pp. 1-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A welded-steel LCI(L)-351-class landing craft built August-September 1944 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a small diesel amphibious craft of this type and period were thermal/machinery insulation, diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation in a compact hull. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of larger combatants does not apply, and the class's documented splinter protection was granite-in-bitumen, not an asbestos product.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946 (Navy service); post-1946 unknown
- Population
- New Jersey Shipbuilding trades (1944); crew and embarked troops (1944-46); any post-1946 commercial operators or breakers (fate unknown)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LCI(L)-811. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. No manufacturer attribution for this hull. The small size and austerity construction of the type ('critical materials are to be avoided') bounds - but does not eliminate - the inference.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-05
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[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1944) and service era (1944-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved this session - content via GAO product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-06
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[7]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program under which this LCI(L)-351-class hull was mass-produced - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in ship construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or class and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-07
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[8]Batch-5545 search ledger (this record): NavSource; shipbuildinghistory yard table; HyperWar USN landing-craft list; NHHC DANFS (no individual entry); NVR (no entry, pre-1987 disposal); HAER AK-52/OR-180; GAO; AJIM; CourtListener opinion + docket searches (0 results each for exact hull string; variant queries deferred to fleet pacing); secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-811-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-811-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum record, or verified litigation naming USS LCI(L)-811 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener: authenticated opinion AND docket searches for the exact hull string "LCI(L)-811" both returned zero results on 2026-09-30; variant-string queries ("LCI-811", "LCI(L) 811", "LCI 811") were deferred when the fleet-wide pacing budget was spent - those are pending, not negative. The hull's fate after the 13 December 1946 sale is unknown, so no post-Navy exposure pathway (commercial service, breaking yard) can even be located for study.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a welded-steel diesel landing craft built 1944 is era-consistent with retained asbestos-containing materials in machinery insulation, gaskets, and electrical applications. Litigation coverage is near-complete on the canonical hull string (opinions + dockets, both zero) but variant spellings remain unchecked. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-08
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[9]Specification cross-check: NavSource spec block vs HAER AK-52 class data (citing BuShips specifications and Friedman, U.S. Amphibious Ships and Craft) vs HyperWar class block [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/15/150811 spec block; HAER AK-52 pp. 4-6; HyperWar ships-lc.html LCI(L)-351 class section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Class-spec variances on record for this hull's type: loaded displacement 419 t (NavSource) vs 387 long tons (HAER AK-52 and OR-180); range 4,000 miles at 12 kts loaded (NavSource) vs 8,000 miles at 12 kts (HAER AK-52, citing the 1944 Navy landing-craft guide); troop capacity 6 officers + 182 enlisted (NavSource) vs 9 officers + 196 enlisted plus 32 tons cargo (Navy wartime guide via HAER AK-52); power 2,320 shp (NavSource) vs ~1,600-1,800 bhp (HAER AK-52 and secondary class summaries). HyperWar's 1940-45 landing-craft list carries this hull only inside the undifferentiated range row LCI(L)-784-821 (commissioned '1942-44', no notes).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944 specifications
- Limitations
- Records publication-level spec variances for the class as carried by this hull's sources; does not resolve which figures are correct for this hull, and none of the variances is material to asbestos assessment. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-09
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[10]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) - LCI(L) 351-class contract plans on microfilm roll 5899 (per HAER AK-52 fn. 12); RG 24 deck logs for 1944-46; BuShips 'Detail and Special Specifications for Building Landing Craft Infantry (Large) LCI(L) 351-542' (1943) - the class spec book that would name installed insulation materials [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 19 guide (archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/019.html); HAER AK-52 fn. 4 (spec book) and fn. 12 (roll 5899); NARA RG 24 deck-log guidance
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - require research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): (a) BuShips 'Detail and Special Specifications for Building Landing Craft Infantry (Large) LCI(L) 351-542' (1943) - cited by HAER AK-52 as the class spec book; its materials sections are the likeliest single document to name any insulation/decking materials specified for this hull's class. (b) George Lawley & Son plans for the LCI(L) 351 class, NARA RG 19 microfilm roll 5899 (per HAER AK-52 fn. 12). (c) RG 24 deck logs for LCI(L)-811, Sep 1944 - 1946 - would resolve decommissioning place/date and postwar movements. (d) New Jersey Shipbuilding Corp. contract records (LCI(L) 653 was contract no. 1261; this hull's contract not identified).
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1946 records
- Limitations
- Record-group and microfilm-roll mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documentation in these series is unknown until surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-811-lcil811-10