Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 491-packet.md (1 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LCI(L)-996 — listed as a commissioned US Navy hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-pkt-491-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCI(L)-996 page (history credited to USS LCI 'Landing Craft Infantry,' Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1995) [other_primary]
- Locator
- LCI(L)-996 entry, archives/10/15/150996.htm (verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity, construction, and wartime record for this hull: LCI-351-class craft laid down 12 April 1944 at Consolidated Steel Corp., Shipbuilding Div., Orange, Texas; launched 4 May 1944; commissioned USS LCI(L)-996 on 30 May 1944, LT. T. M. Janeway USNR in command. Assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater: LCI Flotilla Nineteen (LCDR S. J. Kelley USNR), LCI Group Fifty-Six (LTjg C. M. Reese USNR), LCI Division One Hundred Eleven. Campaigns: Okinawa Gunto operation, 28 April - 30 June 1945; Minesweeping operations-Pacific, Skagway (East China Sea-Ryukyus area), 27 October - 3 November 1945. Occupation service in the Far East 12 September - 9 December 1945. Two battle stars. Decommissioned, date unknown; laid up in the Reserve Fleet, berthed in the Columbia River, March 1946; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; final disposition recorded as 'fate unknown.' International radio call sign NZCK.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Limitations
- Establishes identity, construction, unit assignment, campaign credit, awards, and postwar disposition chain. The page's history derives from the Turner Publishing association history, not DANFS; its Flotilla 19/Group 56/Div 111 assignment differs from the NHHC 1 May 1945 fleet-organization placement (Flotilla 16/Group 48/Div 96) - a different reporting period or an unresolved discrepancy (see ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-02 and gaps). Contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or health information and supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-01
-
[3]Naval History and Heritage Command, Navy Department Library: 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' (online reading room transcription) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- LCI FLOTILLA SIXTEEN > LCI GROUP 48 > LCI DIVISION 96 > 'LCI 996 (GF) Lt. T. M. Janeway (USNR)' (verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official contemporaneous assignment record for this hull: the NHHC Navy Department Library transcription of 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' lists 'LCI 996 (GF) - Lt. T. M. Janeway (USNR)' as the sole craft of LCI Division 96 under LCI Group 48 (ComLCIGrp 48, Lt. Cdr. P. W. Howard USNR), LCI Flotilla Sixteen (Comdr. C. E. Coffin, Jr.). The '(GF)' marker is the table's flagship notation. The listing corroborates NavSource's commissioning commanding officer (Janeway) and places the hull in the Pacific Fleet amphibious organization during the Okinawa campaign window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Limitations
- A 1 May 1945 organization snapshot, not a service history: it fixes the hull's flotilla/group/division and CO on that date only. It conflicts with NavSource's Flotilla 19/Group 56/Div 111 assignment; the Elsie Item record of a Group 56 war diary for August 1945 supports reassignment between the two dates rather than an error, but the timing is not documented. The '(GF)' suffix is the table's flagship notation (group flagship); the page's abbreviation key was not separately verified. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-02
-
[4]Naval History and Heritage Command photographic catalog, NH 89272, USS LCI-996 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NH-89272 catalog page, Title/Caption/Description/Catalog # fields (verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC photographic catalog record for this hull: catalog no. NH 89272, 'USS LCI-996 - In San Francisco Bay, circa 1945-46,' courtesy of William H. Davis, 1979. An official Navy photo-catalog entry naming this hull and placing it in San Francisco Bay in the immediate postwar window, between NavSource's occupation-service end (9 December 1945) and Columbia River reserve-fleet berthing (March 1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- circa 1945-1946
- Limitations
- Confirms the hull's existence and an official cataloged image with a circa-1945-46 San Francisco Bay caption; the date is approximate ('circa') and donor-supplied. Contains no asbestos, material, or exposure information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-03
-
[5]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List 44 (List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units), ship-number listing [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf, LCI(L)-996 entries (ship-number listing; verified live 2026-09-30, HTTP 200)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's Special List 44 inventory (by ship number) lists Navy deck logs for 'LCI(L)-996' in two windows: 30 May 1944 through 30 June 1945 (log coverage beginning on her commissioning date and spanning her combat career through the Okinawa campaign) and 1 November 1946 through 15 November 1946 (an inactivation-period window, eight months after NavSource's March 1946 Columbia River reserve-fleet berthing). The physical logs are NARA records requiring research-room or reproduction access.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-05-30 to 1945-06-30 and 1946-11-01 to 1946-11-15
- Limitations
- Confirms that deck logs exist for the hull for the stated windows; it is an inventory listing, not the logs themselves - contents (including any material/maintenance notes) are unknown until pulled. The July 1945 - October 1946 interval between the two windows (including the minesweeping and occupation-service periods) and any post-November 1946 logs fall outside this listing. Not an asbestos record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-04
-
[6]Tim Colton, ShipbuildingHistory: 'Consolidated Orange' yard table (hull 1290 row) and 'Landing Craft Infantry LCI(L)' production table (LCI(L) 996 row) [other_primary]
- Locator
- consolidatedorange.htm hull-1290 row; smallships/lcil.htm LCI(L) 996 row (both verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder's-yard record for this hull: Colton's Consolidated Steel, Orange TX yard table lists hull no. 1290, U.S. Navy landing craft LCI(L) 996, 260 tons, contract date 10 December 1943, delivery May 1944, disposition 'Sunk as target 1956.' Colton's master LCI(L) production table records the same hull 'Laid up 1946, sunk as target 1956.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1943-1956
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation; yard-table contract date (10 Dec 1943) and delivery month (May 1944) bracket NavSource's laid-down/launch/commissioning dates without contradiction. The 'sunk as target 1956' disposition conflicts with NavSource's 'fate unknown' and is not verified against an official disposal record - reported as Colton's statement, not an established outcome. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-05
-
[7]uboat.net Allied Warships: USS LCI(L)-996 (ship/22061) - LCI 351 class entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- ship/22061 data table (verified live 2026-09-30)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Independent corroboration of construction data for this hull: uboat.net Allied Warships entry for USS LCI(L)-996 (ship/22061) records LCI 351 class, built by Consolidated Steel Corp., Ltd. (Orange, Texas), laid down 12 April 1944, launched 4 May 1944, commissioned 30 May 1944 - identical to NavSource on all three dates. The entry lists no commands and no notable events for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation of official records; corroborates NavSource construction dates independently but adds no operational history (event log empty for this hull). Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-06
-
[8]The Elsie Item (USS LCI National Association newsletter), issue 110 (September 2020); usslci.org officers page [other_primary]
- Locator
- ElsieItem-110-Sep-2020.pdf 'Observations from Officers Country' and Group 56 war-diary passage; usslci.org/officers-and-board-of-directors/ (both verified live 2026-09-30 via HTTP - site does not serve HTTPS)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The USS LCI National Association newsletter The Elsie Item documents named veterans of this hull: issue 110 (September 2020) records that Robert E. Wright, EM1/c, was a crew member aboard LCI(L)s 20, 997, and 996, and that his son, association president Robert Wright Jr., provided the war diary for LCI Group 56 for August 1945 to a researcher - corroborating this hull's Group 56 assignment (the group NavSource records under Flotilla Nineteen) as of August 1945. The association's officers page identifies Wright Jr. as son of the LCI(L)-996 veteran.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2020 publication; wartime service 1944-46
- Population
- LCI(L)-996 veterans (association members)
- Limitations
- Association newsletter records confirming a named crew member and the existence of a Group 56 war diary for August 1945 - leads to first-person accounts and a contemporaneous unit record, not official service records; they contain no exposure, medical, or material information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-07
-
[9]Historic American Engineering Record: HAER No. OR-180, LCI(L)-713 (Amphibious Forces Memorial Museum, Portland OR), and HAER No. AK-52, M/V Husky II ex-USS LCI(L)-653 (Seldovia AK) - NPS documented histories of surviving LCI(L)-351-class sisters [haer]
- Locator
- or0606data.pdf (HAER OR-180, LCI(L)-713, written data); ak0557data.pdf (HAER AK-52, ex-LCI(L)-653) - both verified live at loc.gov 2026-09-30
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- LCI(L)s were diesel-powered landing craft of a utilitarian wartime Bureau of Ships design (over 900 built by ten yards; ~158 ft, twin-screw). This hull is an LCI(L)-351-class craft whose propulsion was two sets of four General Motors Series 71 diesel engines, four per shaft, with twin variable-pitch propellers (NavSource specification block; HAER-documented class design). An all-diesel plant means no boilers, steam lines, or turbine lagging aboard; the asbestos-relevant systems for a craft of this type and era are engine exhaust/muffler lagging, machinery thermal and acoustic insulation, engine and system gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation - era-typical products, not hull-documented applications. The HAER record for sister hull LCI(L)-713 documents welded 1/4-inch steel plate construction and the class's 2-inch plastic splinter protection (crushed granite pebbles embedded in bitumen) on gun tubs, conning tower, and pilot house.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Construction trades (Consolidated Steel, Orange TX, 1944); embarked crew and troops
- Limitations
- Class/design documentation, not a hull record: neither HAER study names this vessel, and neither states 'asbestos' content - OR-180 contains no asbestos/insulation-material statement at all, and AK-52's only insulation references are post-service fishing-tender modifications. Asbestos presence aboard this hull is era inference from diesel-craft practice, not ship-proven; does not establish quantity, location, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-08
-
[10]GAO HRD-80-2, 'Efforts to Protect Navy Shipyard Workers from Asbestos Exposure' (1980), product page [gao]
- Locator
- gao.gov/products/hrd-80-2 product page (HTTP 403 to automated fetch; description-level citation, same standing limitation as batch-01)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, covering use of asbestos in Navy ships, removal costs, and disability compensation; it records the Navy's 1975 policy of removing/replacing asbestos insulation only when damaged or repaired. Program-level documentation that asbestos insulation was standard aboard U.S. Navy vessels of the era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1980 report; Navy practice through early 1970s
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program context)
- Limitations
- Navy program-level document; fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk, not Consolidated Steel, and it does not name this hull or class. Establishes era policy only. Full text not retrieved - gao.gov returns 403 to automated fetches (standing access limitation).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-09
-
[11]Batch-5644 search ledger (this record): NavSource; uboat.net; NHHC fleet-organization record and photo catalog; NARA SL44; Colton shipbuildinghistory (both tables); usslci.org newsletter and officers page; HAER OR-180 and AK-52; CourtListener; MARAD/NVR/DANFS checks; live-web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-01 through sl-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum record, or docketed asbestos case naming LCI-996 / LCI(L)-996 was found in the sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion searches for 'LCI(L)-996', 'USS LCI(L)-996', and 'LCI-996' each returned count 0 on 2026-09-30; the class-level 'USS LCI' + asbestos query and the RECAP docket-index check were blocked repeatedly by fleet-wide API pacing and are logged as blocked, not no-result. The only asbestos content surfaced by the live-web sweep is law-firm marketing material (asbestos-ship listicles asserting asbestos aboard without primary sourcing, including one for USS Chandler DDG-996 - a hull-number collision on a different vessel) - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944 Navy build is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility. CourtListener coverage is partial: three exact-string opinion queries verified 0; the class-level opinion query and the docket-index query were blocked this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lci-l-996-lcil996-10