Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet 492-packet.md (1 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lcs-l-3-101-lcsl3101-pkt-492-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSSL-101 ex-USS LCS(L)(3)-101 - construction/milestone timeline, wartime assignment, spec block (sourced to Navships 250-012, 15 April 1945), commanding officer, photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/05/050101.htm header block, campaign table, milestone lines, spec block, 'Commanding Officers' table, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 6 January 1945 at Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR; launched 27 January 1945; commissioned USS LCS(L)(3)-101 on 13 February 1945, LT. G. C. Ferris USNR in command; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater under LCS(L)(3) Flotilla Four (CDR. N. Phillips USN), LCS(L)(3) Group Thirteen (LCDR. R. L. Jackson USN), LCS(L)(3) Division Twenty-Five; participated in the Okinawa Gunto operation (Assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto, 18-30 June 1945) earning one battle star; postwar Occupation service in the Far East 19 September - 1 December 1945; decommissioned, date unknown; laid up Pacific Reserve Fleet, Columbia River Group, Astoria, OR; redesignated Landing Ship Support Large USS LSSL-101 on 28 February 1949; transferred to Japan 30 April 1953 as JDS Tsutsuji (L-9021); returned to US custody 28 April 1965 and transferred to South Vietnam as RVNS Luu Phu Tho (HQ-229); escaped South Vietnam to the Philippines in 1975; custody transferred to the Philippines; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; final disposition non-operational, used for spare parts by the Philippine Navy. Photo caption places the hull at Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR in April 1946 being prepared for lay-up at Astoria. Awards display: American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (1 star); World War II Victory Medal; Navy Occupation Service Medal with Asia clasp. Spec block (Navships 250-012): 250 t light / 387 t full load; 158' o.a.; beam 23'8"; draft 5'8" limiting; 16.5 kts max; 10-lb STS splinter shields; complement 6 officers + 65 enlisted; endurance 5,500 miles at 12 kts; armament bow gun (one twin 40mm), two twin 40mm AA mounts, four single 20mm, four .50 cal MG, ten Mk7 rocket launchers; propulsion two quad packs of 4 GM 6051-series-71 diesels per shaft, 1,600 bhp, single GM main reduction gears, two 60 kW 450V AC diesel-drive generators, twin variable-pitch propellers. NavSource notes: 'There is no history available for USS LCS(L)(3)-101 at NavSource.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-1975
- Population
- Construction trades (Commercial Iron Works, Jan-Feb 1945); USN crew (1945-c1946); JMSDF crew (1953-1965); RVN crew (1965-1975)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestones track Ships' Data/DANFS-style data but carry no underlying document link. Contains no asbestos content. Bow-gun fit for this hull's page reads 'one twin 40mm gun mount' - NavSource pages for sister hulls variously list a 3"/50 or single 40mm; the class document (Navships 250-012) is the cited spec source but was not directly inspected.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-01
-
[3]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton), 'Landing Craft, Support (Large)' construction table - builder, fiscal year, delivery, disposition per hull [other_primary]
- Locator
- LCS(L) construction/disposition table, row 'LCS(L)-101'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- ShipbuildingHistory's LCS(L) table records: LCS(L)-101, Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR, FY44, delivered 13 February 1945; disposition 'to Japan 1953 as Tsutsuji, returned 1965, to Vietnam 1965 as Luu Phu Tho (HQ-229), to the Philippines 1975'. Table header documents 130 LCS(L)s built by three yards.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1975 (table coverage)
- Limitations
- Reputable private reference compilation, not a primary registry; 'delivered' date aligns with NavSource's commissioning date (13 Feb 1945). Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-02
-
[4]National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (NPS Form 10-900) for USS LCS-102 (NRHP 15000716), draft hosted by California Office of Historic Preservation - narrative description and statement of significance covering the LCS(L)(3) class and its builder program [nps]
- Locator
- NRHP draft nomination, Section 7 (Narrative Description) pp. 5-7; Sections 8-end (Statement of Significance) pp. 10-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Government nomination describing this hull's class and builder program: 130 LCS(L) Mark 3 vessels contracted to three yards - George Lawley & Sons, Neponset MA (47 ships); Albina Machinery, Portland OR (31); Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR (52). Design derived from the LCI(L) hull, all-welded steel construction, 158'6", 250 long tons; propulsion by four GMC 6-71 diesel engines separately clutched as a 'quad' pack per shaft (eight engines, two shafts, variable-pitch propellers), 25,000-gal fuel capacity and 5,500-mile range; engine-room auxiliaries included 'a heating boiler and fresh water evaporator'; complement 6 officers + 65 enlisted; class earned the 'Mighty Midgets' nickname at Okinawa where radar-picket duty exposed the type to kamikaze attack; 26 class vessels sunk or damaged in combat. Sister hull LCS-102 (Commercial Iron Works, keel 14 January 1945, launched 3 February, commissioned 17 February 1945) followed the same pattern as -101: Okinawa service June-July 1945, occupation duty, Astoria lay-up via Portland in 1946, Japan transfer April 1953.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1946 (period of significance); nomination drafted 2015
- Population
- USN crews of the class (1944-46); construction trades at the three yards
- Limitations
- The nomination documents sister hull LCS-102 and the class generally - it does not name LCS(L)(3)-101. It contains no asbestos content whatsoever (materials listed: 'Steel Plating, Frame & Piping'); its materials description cannot establish or exclude asbestos aboard any hull. Class construction detail is used for design context only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-03
-
[5]Navypedia, 'YURI large amphibious fire support ships (1944-1945 / 1953)' - JMSDF Yuri/Ajisai-class table of former USN LCS(L)(3)/LSSL hulls [other_primary]
- Locator
- Ajisai/Yuri class table, row 'Tsutsuji (ex-LSSL101)'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Navypedia's JMSDF table corroborates the Japanese service leg: 'Tsutsuji (ex-LSSL101, ex-LCS(L)(3)101)', builder Commercial Iron Works, Portland; laid down 1.1945; launched 27.1.1945; completed 2.1945; JMSDF entry 4.1953; returned 4.1965. JMSDF number column lists LSSL422.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1953-1965
- Population
- JMSDF crew (1953-1965)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation. JMSDF pennant conflicts with NavSource's 'L-9021' (navypedia column reads LSSL422) - variant logged in gaps, neither resolved against a JMSDF primary source this session. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-04
-
[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction and USN service era (1945-c.1946 active; reserve to 1953).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-09-30) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-05
-
[7]Herald and News (Klamath Falls, OR), 'Portland's Toxic Graveyard For World War II Ships' - Zidell shipbreaking operation at the former Commercial Iron Works yard; asbestos contamination documented in scrapped WWII-vessel materials [reputable_press]
- Locator
- heraldandnews.com article body (Zidell shipbreaking/DEQ cleanup narrative)
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Reputable regional press documents that WWII-era vessels scrapped by Zidell at the former Commercial Iron Works yard (where this hull was built) carried asbestos: the yard site 'was covered in ship scraps laced with toxic pollutants like lead, asbestos and... PCB,' and 'the insulation on the ships, the wiring, the linoleum on the floors and even the paint was full of contaminants'; scrappers burned insulation off copper wiring in open pits. Oregon DEQ flagged the site in 1986 and the company entered a voluntary cleanup program in 1994. This corroborates - at site/era level - that WWII-built naval vessels processed at Portland carried asbestos-bearing insulation and wiring.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1946-1994 (site era); article publication 2017
- Population
- Zidell shipbreaking workers (1946-late 1970s)
- Limitations
- Documents asbestos in WWII ships scrapped at the site after the war - a scrapping-era observation, not a construction record for this hull, which was transferred to Japan in 1953 and never scrapped at Portland. Does not establish materials aboard LCS(L)(3)-101, quantity, or individual exposure. Article text retrieved via Firecrawl extraction; the publisher 429s direct curl fetches.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource spec block sourced to Navships 250-012 (diesel propulsion, 60kW diesel generators); NPS NRHP class nomination (all-welded steel hull; four GMC 6-71 'quad' packs per shaft; engine-room auxiliaries including a heating boiler and fresh-water evaporator; stern winch); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era documentation; Herald&News scrapping-era material observations [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; NRHP class nomination Section 7; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A welded-steel diesel landing-support gunboat built in January-February 1945 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era. Era-standard asbestos applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were: diesel engine exhaust lagging and thermal insulation in the engine and generator spaces; gaskets and valve packing; electrical wiring insulation; thermal insulation around the auxiliary heating boiler and evaporator documented aboard the class; insulation in accommodation and galley spaces; and brake linings on the stern winch. As a diesel craft she carried no propulsion steam plant, so the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply to the main plant - but the small auxiliary heating boiler is a distinct lagging candidate, and the confined-volume exposure dynamic of a 158-foot, 71-man vessel applies with full force.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-1975
- Population
- CIW construction trades (1945); USN crew (1945-c.1946); JMSDF and RVN crews (1953-1975); Philippine Navy disposal personnel (1975-)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or as-built drawing was located for LCS(L)(3)-101. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-07
-
[9]Batch-5651 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page; ShipbuildingHistory LCS(L) table; NPS/CA-OHP NRHP nomination for sister hull LCS-102; navypedia JMSDF table; uboat.net; HyperWar class page; NHHC DANFS; NVR; GAO product page; CourtListener (blocked); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lcsl3101-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum material assessment, or verified litigation naming USS LCS(L)(3)-101 / LSSL-101 / Tsutsuji / Luu Phu Tho was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). NavSource explicitly states 'There is no history available for USS LCS(L)(3)-101 at NavSource' - no NHHC DANFS entry exists for this numbered craft. CAVEAT: CourtListener could not be queried this session - the fleet-wide paced request budget was spent (~114/hr cap); logged as blocked in search_ledger, not as a negative result. Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing pages asserting asbestos aboard generic 'Navy ships' or listing the class - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - and the litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (paced, not run). Deck logs (NARA RG 24), BuShips work packages, and JMSDF/RVN maintenance records are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-08
-
[10]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LCS(L)-101 page - construction and transfer data with commissioning-date variant [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship page 22333, data block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION on commissioning date: uboat.net lists this hull as 'Commissioned 17 Feb 1945' and 'Ordered 23 Jun 1944'. NavSource documents commissioning on 13 February 1945 with LT. G. C. Ferris USNR in command, and ShipbuildingHistory lists delivery on 13 February 1945 - the earlier date is carried in this record. The 17 February variant is recorded here and in gaps rather than propagated. uboat.net confirms builder (Commercial Iron Works, Portland), laid down 6 Jan 1945, launched 27 Jan 1945, transfer to Japan 30 April 1953, and return to the USN 28 April 1965 with transfer to South Vietnam.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1965
- Limitations
- Corrects a circulating date variant, not a material claim. uboat.net is a secondary compilation; the ordering date (23 Jun 1944) is unattributed there and is carried in gaps, not asserted. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl3101-09