Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
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[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSSL-102 ex USS LCS(L)(3)-102 - chronology, specification block, campaign table, and photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page 10/05/050102, chronology and Specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Laid down 13 January 1945 at Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR; launched 3 February 1945; commissioned USS LCS(L)(3)-102, 17 February 1945, LT. R. L. Jones USNR in command. WWII assignment: Asiatic-Pacific Theater, LCS(L)(3) Flotilla Five (CAPT. J. M. McIssac USN), Group Fourteen, Division Twenty-Eight; Okinawa Gunto operation 18-30 June 1945 (one battle star). Postwar: Navy Occupation Service 19 September-4 December 1945 and 10-15 April 1946; China Service Medal (extended) 5 December 1945-8 April 1946. Decommissioned in 1946; laid up Pacific Reserve Fleet, Columbia River Group, Astoria OR; redesignated Landing Ship Support Large, USS LSSL-102, 28 February 1949; transferred to Japan 30 April 1953 as JDS Himawari; returned to US custody 18 April 1966; transferred to Thailand in 1966 as HTMS Nakha (LSSL-751); struck from the Naval Register, date unknown. Spec block: 250 t light / 387 t full; 158 ft o.a.; 8 GM series-71 diesels in two quad packs (four per shaft), 1,600 bhp, twin variable-pitch propellers; 2 diesel-drive 60 kW 450V AC ship's-service generators; complement 6 officers plus medical doctor as needed, 65 enlisted. Spec sources cited by NavSource: Baker, Allied Landing Craft of World War II; George Lawley & Sons Corp. instructions and original plans for the LCS(L)(3) class.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1945-2007
- Population
- Ship's company (6 officers/65 enlisted spec)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled archival page quoting Navy sources and named class references; consistent with the NRHP nomination where they overlap. Contains no asbestos, insulation, or hazardous-material information. Laid-down date conflicts with the NRHP nomination (13 vs 14 January 1945) - carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-01
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[2]National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, 'LCS-102' (NRHP 15000716, listed 13 October 2015; Criteria A and C, local significance) - NPS NPGallery NRIS asset a2e16ec2-47f2-41ec-ad5a-3eaf75cd1093; draft text mirrored at California OHP [nps]
- Locator
- NRHP Registration Form sections 7-8; NPGallery NRIS asset a2e16ec2-47f2-41ec-ad5a-3eaf75cd1093; draft text https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/pages/1067/files/lcs-102%20nr%20draft.pdf
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Federal nomination describing the hull compartment by compartment: all-welded steel construction, 158 ft x 23 ft 3 in, 387 t full / 250 t light; materials listed as 'Steel Plating, Frame & Piping'; estimated ~80% original integrity. Original propulsion documented as four GM 6-71 diesels clutched into a 'quad' pack per shaft with variable-pitch propellers; auxiliary machinery included a heating boiler and fresh-water evaporator. In 1983 the Royal Thai Navy replaced the original quad packs with two single 876 hp MTU diesels - the nomination notes this cost the Main Engine Room much historic integrity while the Generator Room retains original GM 6-71 generator sets. Operational detail: arrived Okinawa 18 June 1945; radar picket duty from 10 July; at Subic Bay 15 August 1945; Nagasaki harbor mine-clearing; China-coast mine destruction (Taku, Tientsin, Tsingtao, Shanghai); returned to the US and decommissioned September 1946; transferred to Japan April 1953; returned to US April 1966; transferred to Royal Thai Navy June 1966; returned to US September 2007. COs: LT Richard L. Jones to December 1945; LT(jg) Charles A. Butler; LT(jg) Donald C. Starr at decommissioning. 'Yankee Dollar' nickname from the Andrews Sisters' 'Rum and Coca Cola.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1945-2015 (nomination scope)
- Population
- Wartime crew; JMSDF and RTN crews (foreign service); museum volunteers and visitors
- Limitations
- The nomination is a historical-integrity document: it lists materials as steel and never mentions asbestos or insulation - silence here is not evidence of absence. Its keel-laying date (14 January 1945) conflicts with NavSource (13 January); its CO narrative contains a 'March 1945' handover date that must read 1946 (the ship commissioned February 1945 and decommissioned September 1946). Does not establish individual exposure, quantity, or present-day ACM.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-02
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[3]Landing Craft Support Museum official site (usslcs102.org history/visit/news pages) and National Association of USS LCS(L) 1-130 (mightymidgets.org repatriation pages) [museum_official]
- Locator
- usslcs102.org history.html, visit.html, news-and-events.html; mightymidgets.org page15/page16 (102 Retrieval; 102 Back in the USA)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Museum-published operational history: radar picket station 18 approximately 90 miles south of Okinawa; mine-removal operations at Leyte; Sasebo/Nagasaki occupation duty; Tsingtao midwinter heating-system failure. JMSDF-era modifications still borne by the ship: roof over the lookout deck, 81mm mortars on the 01 level, 20mm mounts moved to the main deck and doubled. Repatriation: the Association located the last operational LCS in Royal Thai Navy custody in 1997; custody transfer papers signed at Sattahip 22 May 2007 (RTN C-in-C Admiral Sathiraphan Keyanont, US Naval Attache CAPT Bruce Watson, Association president Dr. William Mason); heavy-lift loading at Sattahip 2 September 2007; arrival at Mare Island 27 September 2007; formal ownership transfer ceremony on Mare Island 10 November 2007. The Association is now the Landing Craft Support Museum, a 501(c)(3); volunteer restoration to WWII configuration continues; the museum is temporarily closed pending the ship's return from drydock repairs.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1945-1946 (operational history); 1997-2026 (repatriation/museum era)
- Population
- Museum volunteers; visitors; association veterans
- Limitations
- Museum-published history and veterans-association record; consistent with NavSource and the NRHP nomination where they overlap. Site and newsletters contain no asbestos or hazmat content - silence on asbestos is not evidence of absence.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-03
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[4]Vallejo Times-Herald (2007-09-27) 'Mighty Midget arrives at Mare Island'; DVIDS photo 65717 (VIRIN 071110-N-7179R-003, 2007-11-10 transfer ceremony); Mare Island Dry Dock LLC portfolio page 'LCS-102' (post-work photographs dated 1 October 2024, via Wayback capture 2025-03-18); NavSource photo caption (No. 2 Dry Dock entry 17 July 2018, out about 1 October 2018); museum news posts (2018 drydock announcements) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- timesheraldonline.com 2007-09-27; dvidshub.net/image/65717; web.archive.org/web/20250318164436/https://www.middllc.com/portfolio-item/lcs-102/; usslcs102.org news posts 2018
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented museum-era maintenance events: arrival at Mare Island 27 September 2007 after 41 years in Royal Thai Navy service (Times-Herald); formal transfer ceremony 10 November 2007 (U.S. Navy photo via DVIDS); drydocking at Mare Island Dry Dock No. 2 for hull repairs, entered 17 July 2018, out about 1 October 2018 (museum announcements; NavSource caption); a second documented drydock in autumn 2024 with post-work photographs dated 1 October 2024 (Mare Island Dry Dock LLC portfolio). Sole surviving LCS of the 130 built.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 2007; 2018; 2024
- Population
- Mare Island Dry Dock workers (2018, 2024); museum volunteers
- Limitations
- Documents yard periods and ownership/custody events only; no source describes the work scope in material terms, and none mentions asbestos. The 2024 drydock record is a contractor portfolio page preserved via Wayback (live URL now 404). Drydock work is a disturbance event; what material it removed or disturbed is undocumented.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-04
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[5]Corn JK, Starr J. 'Historical perspective on asbestos: policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding.' Am J Ind Med 12(4):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Am J Ind Med 12(4):359-373 (1987), DOI 10.1002/ajim.4700120402
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documents that WWII-era U.S. shipyards extensively installed asbestos-containing insulation, lagging, and gaskets in naval construction - the era in which this hull was built (1945). For a diesel-powered landing craft with no propulsion boilers, the era-relevant applications concentrate in diesel exhaust lagging, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, gaskets and packing, deck coverings, accommodation insulation, and winch brake linings; the ship's documented auxiliary heating boiler is an additional candidate application whose insulation content is unstated in the sources found.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1941-1945 (study scope); applied 1945-2026
- Population
- WWII-era shipyard workers (Commercial Iron Works, 1945); wartime crew; foreign-service maintenance crews (1953-2007); museum volunteers (era context)
- Limitations
- Era-level scholarship plus class/type inference; the source does not name this hull or class and does not establish that any specific material aboard this ship contained asbestos. No ship-specific product is verified; the diesel plant (no propulsion boilers) and the documented 1983 re-engining narrow the exposure-relevant scope relative to steam vessels and to her as-built machinery.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-05
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[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or when required for repairs, modified in 1979 toward selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place on active Navy hulls for decades.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review (not this hull)
- Limitations
- Program-level Navy documentation that never governed this hull: she left U.S. naval service in 1946 and was in Japanese and Thai hands 1953-2007, before either policy existed. Context for the era fleet picture only. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches, confirmed 2026-09-19); content via product-page description, consistent with prior batches.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-06
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[7]Batch-306 search ledger (this record): NavSource 050102; NPS NPGallery NRIS 15000716 + nomination full text (via California OHP draft PDF); usslcs102.org and mightymidgets.org sites and newsletters; CourtListener API and index; DVIDS; Times-Herald; Mare Island Dry Dock portfolio (Wayback); NHHC DANFS URL patterns [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-01 through sl-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming this hull under any of its designations (LCS(L)(3)-102, LSSL-102, JDS Himawari, HTMS Nakha, Yankee Dollar) was found in the public sources searched. The federal NRHP nomination describes the ship compartment by compartment and lists materials as 'Steel Plating, Frame & Piping' with no asbestos or insulation mention; museum publications are silent on asbestos. No individual DANFS entry exists for this hull (numbered landing craft are not covered individually). No qualifying litigation located - CourtListener API throttled at daily quota (HTTP 429) and index search returned name collisions only (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 2026-09-19
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945-built naval craft is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and her survival with ~80% estimated original integrity means era material may persist undocumented. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. Docket-level litigation coverage is incomplete due to the documented rate-limit block.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-102-lcsl3102-07