Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 492-packet.md (1 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-pkt-492-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSSL-104 ex USS LCS(L)(3)-104 - build, service, redesignation, transfer, and disposition timeline [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/05/050104.htm header block, campaign table, and disposition lines
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 27 January 1945 at Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR; launched 17 February 1945; commissioned USS LCS(L)(3)-104, 28 February 1945, LT. F. M. Adams USNR in command. World War II assignment: Asiatic-Pacific Theater, LCS(L)(3) Flotilla Four (CDR. N. Phillips USN), LCS(L)(3) Group Fourteen (LCDR. K. E. Curley USN), LCS(L)(3) Division Twenty-Eight; participated in the Okinawa Gunto operation, assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto, 18 to 30 June 1945. Postwar: Navy Occupation Service 19 September - 4 December 1945; China Service (extended) 5 December 1945 - 8 April 1946 and 10-15 April 1946. Decommissioned, date unknown; laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet, Columbia River Group. Redesignated Landing Ship Support Large USS LSSL-104, 28 February 1949. Transferred on loan to Japan 14 January 1953, named JDS Ran; returned to US Navy custody 31 March 1959; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown. One battle star for World War II service; final disposition fate unknown.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-1959
- Population
- Commercial Iron Works construction trades (1945); crew 1945-46; JMSDF crew 1953-59
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its dates generally track NVR/DANFS-era records but are not independently primary here; the page itself marks decommissioning, striking, and final disposition as unknown. Commissioning date conflicts with uboat.net (1945-03-05) - see gaps. Contains no asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-01
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[3]NavSource specifications block for LCS(L)(3)-104, sourced to Ships' Data U.S. Naval Vessels Navships 250-012 (15 April 1945); Baker, Allied Landing Craft of World War II (1989); George Lawley & Sons, Instructions for LCS(L)(3) Class and Original Plans of LCS(L)(3) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/05/050104.htm 'Specifications' block and 'Specifications Sources' lines
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- As-built configuration of this hull per class-standard spec sheet: displacement 250 t (light), 387 t (full); length 158' o.a.; beam 23' 8"; draft 5' 8" limiting; speed 14.4 trial / 16.5 kts max at 650 shaft rpm; armor 10-lb STS splinter shield to gun mounts, pilot house and conning tower; complement 6 officers + 65 enlisted; endurance 5,500 miles at 12 kts; propulsion 2 quad packs of 4 General Motors 6051-series-71 diesel engines per shaft (1,600 BHP), single GM main reduction gears, 2 diesel-drive 60kW 450V AC ship's service generators, twin variable-pitch propellers; armament one twin 40mm bow mount, two twin 40mm AA mounts, four single 20mm AA mounts, four .50-cal machine guns, ten Mk7 rocket launchers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Crew 6 officers + 65 enlisted (design complement)
- Limitations
- The spec block is class-standard data (Navships 250-012 covers the type) printed on the hull's page - no per-hull deviations documented. Confirms diesel propulsion (no steam plant) and small complement. Contains no material or fiber-content information; engine maker is rendered 'General Motors 6051 series 71' here vs 'Gray Marine' in secondary sources - the GM Detroit Diesel Series 71 family marketed through Gray Marine.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-02
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[4]Era inference built on: NavSource spec block sourced to Navships 250-012 (diesel plant, 1945 construction); NavSource class operational description (130 hulls, three yards incl. Commercial Iron Works); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy-wide asbestos-use documentation (see ev-06) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; NavSource 05func.htm class description; GAO product page HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel amphibious gunboat built January-February 1945 at Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR, sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-specification era; era-standard applications aboard a small amphibious craft of this type and period were diesel-engine exhaust lagging, machinery insulation, gaskets and valve packing, electrical insulation, and interior accommodation/joiner insulation. As a diesel-powered craft she carried no boilers or steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply, but the confined 158-foot hull's small crew spaces concentrate whatever era insulation was installed.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-1959
- Population
- Commercial Iron Works construction trades (1945); crew 1945-46; Pacific Reserve Fleet lay-up personnel; JMSDF crew 1953-59
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or builder work package located for this hull. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity; no manufacturer attribution for this hull; does not establish what, if anything, remained aboard at decommissioning or in JMSDF service.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-03
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[5]NavSource Landing Craft Support (LCS(L)) operational description (text credited to Robin L. Rielly, 'Mighty Midgets at War') [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/05/05func.htm 'Operational Description' page
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Class context for this hull: 130 LCS(L)(3) ships built by George Lawley & Sons (Neponset, MA), Albina Engine and Machine Works, and Commercial Iron Works (the latter two in Portland, OR), designed for close-in fire support during assault landings; at Okinawa the class additionally screened anchorages against suicide boats and intercepted kamikazes on radar picket duty. In 1949 the LCS(L)(3)s remaining in US inventory were re-designated Landing Ship Support Large (LSSL); beginning 1952 many transferred to allies, with 53 going to the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force and others to France.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1959
- Population
- Class-wide: construction trades at three yards; LCS(L)(3) crews
- Limitations
- Class-level description - does not name hull 104. Establishes the building program, role, and the class-wide LSSL/JMSDF pathway this hull followed. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-04
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[6]NHHC Online Reading Room, 'Action Report USS LCS(L)(3) 57, Battle of Okinawa at RP Station #1, April 12, 1945' (scanned original action report, Navy Department Library) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC online reading room landing page + extracted report text (PDF link dead)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official action report of sister ship LCS(L)(3)-57 at Okinawa radar picket station #1, 12 April 1945, documenting the class's combat environment: repeated kamikaze attacks, a near-miss explosion holing the hull and starting fires in the after magazine and gyro room, flooding of forward living compartments, and sister LCS(L)(3)-33 hit, abandoned, and sunk nearby - the damage-control and firefighting context in which this class operated. Hull 104's documented Okinawa Gunto participation was the later assault-and-occupation phase, 18-30 June 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- LCS(L)(3) crews at Okinawa radar picket stations (class context)
- Limitations
- Sister-ship document - does not name hull 104 and describes the April picket fighting, earlier than this hull's June service window. Establish class operating conditions only. The NHHC landing page is live (verified 2026-09-30); its linked scan PDF returned 404 - text used from the page's extracted report content. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-05
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's construction (1945), active service, reserve-fleet lay-up, and transfer era. The Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for repairs, modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. GAO fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk - not Commercial Iron Works. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches, confirmed 2026-09-30) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-06
-
[8]NARA photo 80-G-394982 (LCS(L)(3)-104 launching ceremony, 17 February 1945, Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR) plus National Association of USS LCS(L) 1-130 contributed photography (hull with LCS(L)(3)-97, -103, -102, possibly Whangpoo River, Shanghai, December 1945 - April 1946) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/05/050104.htm photo captions (NARA 80-G-394982; Whangpoo River group photo)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads for this hull: NARA-held photograph 80-G-394982 documents the 17 February 1945 launching ceremony at the builder's yard; association-contributed photographs place the hull in company with sisters LCS(L)(3)-97, -103, and -102 in China service circa December 1945 - April 1946, consistent with the documented China Service Medal windows. RG 24 deck logs for this hull are undigitized.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945-1946
- Population
- Construction trades and commissioning party (1945); China-service crew (1945-46)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: photographs establish events and locations, not materials or work records. The NARA catalog is JS-rendered and the photo's catalog entry could not be independently fetched this session - identifiers transcribed via NavSource captions. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-07
-
[9]The Landing Craft Support Museum (USS LCS(L)(3)-102), official site - sole surviving sister hull, restoration to WWII specifications [museum_official]
- Locator
- usslcs102.org landing page and announcements (2025 newsletters)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Sister hull LCS(L)(3)-102 (ex-HTMS Nakha, returned from Thailand 2007) survives as the Landing Craft Support Museum at Mare Island, restored toward her original World War II configuration by the National Association of USS LCS(L) 1-130 - the physical material record for this class. The site documents an active restoration program (museum temporarily closed pending drydock repairs as of the checked edition).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2007-present
- Population
- Museum restoration volunteers (contemporary, sister hull)
- Limitations
- Sister-hull resource, not this hull: class-level material context only. A domain search of the museum site surfaced no asbestos, abatement, or hazmat disclosure - the restoration record's material findings are not published there. Does not establish materials aboard hull 104.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-08
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[10]uboat.net Allied Warships entry, USS LCS(L)-104 (secondary compilation) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/22336.html data table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Secondary cross-check for this hull: ordered 23 June 1944; laid down 27 January 1945; launched 17 February 1945; commissioned 5 March 1945; transferred to Japan 14 January 1953; returned to the USN 31 March 1959. Builder listed as Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1959
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation used for cross-check only. Its commissioning date (5 March 1945) conflicts with NavSource (28 February 1945) - NavSource carried, variant logged in gaps. The 'ordered 23 Jun 1944' date appears only here and is unverified against a primary contract record. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-09
-
[11]Batch-5653 search ledger (this record): NavSource hull page and class description; NHHC DANFS (no entry) and online reading room; NVR (no record); CourtListener opinion and docket indexes; GAO product page; uboat.net; LCS(L)(3)-102 museum site; secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS LCS(L)(3)-104, LSSL-104, or JDS Ran was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener returned zero hits on all completed queries - opinion index: "LCS(L)(3)-104", "LSSL-104", "LCS-104", "LCS(L)" + asbestos, "JDS Ran"; docket index: "LCS(L)(3)-104". One residual variant (docket "LSSL-104") remained fleet-paced at session close - logged blocked, not a negative result. Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing pages (asbestos-ships.com, mesothelioma.com, swmwlaw.com and similar) asserting asbestos exposure at Commercial Iron Works and aboard Navy ships without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull's 1945 construction sits inside the documented asbestos era. Builder work packages (Commercial Iron Works), reserve-fleet lay-up records (Columbia River Group), and post-1959 disposal records are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcs-l-3-104-lcsl3104-10