Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
-
[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LCS(L)(3)-41 - construction, commissioning, unit assignment, campaign credits, awards, disposal (verified live via scrape) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/05/050041.htm - timeline block, awards/campaign ribbon tables, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 18 September 1944 at Commercial Iron Works, Portland, OR; launched 8 October 1944; commissioned USS LCS(L)(3)-41 on 24 October 1944, LTjg. A. P. Martincovich, USNR. Assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater: LCS(L)(3) Flotilla One (CAPT. R. E. Arison, USNR), LCS(L)(3) Group Two (LT. M. C. Fitzgerald, USNR), LCS(L)(3) Division Three. Campaign credit listed: Minesweeping Pacific Operation, 21 November to 13 December 1945. Post-war service: Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp), 1 September 1945 to 20 January 1946; China Service Medal (extended), 12 September 1945 to 20 January 1946. Decommissioned 1 November 1946; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; earned one battle star for WWII service. Sold to Martin B. Dahl, Seattle, WA, 7 October 1947; registered in 1950 to the Kayak Packing Co. as the fishing boat Kayak; operated in 1987 by Dressel-Pacific Inc., Seattle, as the salmon fishing boat Kayak; final disposition, fate unknown. Spec block: 250 t (lt) / 387 t (fl); 158' o.a.; 23'8" beam; complement 6 officers + 65 enlisted; propulsion GM 6-71 diesels in quad packs (per class spec: 4 per shaft, 8 total; 1,600 bhp), GM reduction gears, 2 diesel-drive 60 kW generators, twin variable-pitch propellers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1987
- Population
- CIW construction trades (1944); crew (1944-46); merchant crews as Kayak (1950-1980s)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track official records but are not independently verified here. Page documents milestones and specifications only; contains no asbestos or material content. 'Struck' date unknown; merchant afterlife rests on NavSource's summary alone. The single listed campaign credit (post-surrender minesweeping) does not itemize earlier combat participation documented elsewhere - see ev-02 and gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-01
-
[2]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LCS(L)-41 - wartime history compiled from COMTASKGROUP 78.2 and COMTASKGROUP 78.2.9 action reports on the Balikpapan operation (Operation Oboe II) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship 22273 - data block; 'Notable events' narrative for Operation Oboe II, TG 78.2.8 / TU 78.2.93 entries and 28 June 1945 hit entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Ship-specific combat record for this hull: ordered 5 April 1944; built by Commercial Iron Works, Portland; laid down 18 September 1944; launched 8 October 1944; commissioned 24 October 1944; sold 7 October 1947. Listed in TG 78.2.8 Close Support Unit (T/Cdr. D. H. Day, USN) for Operation Oboe II, the Allied landings at Balikpapan (Fox day 1 July 1945). In TU 78.2.93 the ship rendered close-in fire support to Underwater Demolition Teams during pre-invasion obstacle demolition; on 28 June 1945 LCS(L)-41 received four hits from small automatic weapons, damage slight. Underlying documents cited on the page: action reports of COMTASKGROUP 78.2 and COMTASKGROUP 78.2.9 on the Balikpapan operation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- crew under combat conditions, June-July 1945 (complement 6 officers + 65 enlisted per class spec)
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a volunteer-compiled secondary database - the Balikpapan narrative is sourced to official action reports (named on the page) but the compilation itself is secondary. No asbestos or material content. The page shows no commands listed and no post-war detail beyond the 7 October 1947 sale.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-02
-
[3]Shipbuilding History (Tim Colton compilation), 'Landing Craft, Support (Large) - LCS(L)' construction and disposition table [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.njscuba.net/us-navy-small/lcsl/ - LCS(L) table row for LCS(L)-41
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Construction-table entry for this hull: LCS(L)-41 - builder Commercial IW, Portland OR; FY44; delivered 24 October 1944; note 'scrapped 1947'. Table confirms the class build pattern: 130 LCS(L)s built by three yards (George Lawley & Sons, Neponset MA; Commercial Iron Works, Portland OR; Albina Engine Works, Portland OR), with LCS(L)-26 through -47 assigned to Commercial Iron Works.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- CIW construction trades (1944)
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary compilation. 'Scrapped 1947' conflicts with NavSource's documented merchant afterlife (sold 7 Oct 1947; fishing boat Kayak through at least 1987) - read as disposal year rather than physical breakup; carried here only because it independently confirms builder and delivery date. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-03
-
[4]Era inference built on: NavSource class specification block (GM diesel plant, armament fit); Shipbuilding History class table (130 boats, three builders); National Association of USS LCS(L) 1-130 class history (mightymidgets.org); GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-06) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block (10/05/050041.htm); shipbuildinghistory LCS(L) table; mightymidgets.org class history page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel-hulled amphibious gunboat built September-October 1944 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a small combatant of this type and period were thermal insulation and exhaust lagging around the diesel engine room, machinery gaskets and valve packing, electrical insulation, fire-resistant joiner and deck coverings, and winch brake linings. The diesel plant (four GM 6-71 engines per shaft in quad packs, twin shafts) means no boiler or steam-turbine lagging pathway, but the 158-foot enclosed hull volume is the confined-space exposure geometry.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- CIW construction trades (1944); crew (1944-46); 1947 sale/transfer trades; merchant crews as Kayak (1950-1980s)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, or work package located for LCS(L)(3)-41. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution for this hull. Absence of a steam plant reduces but does not eliminate the exposure pathway.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-04
-
[5]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1944) and naval service (1944-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, consistent with prior batch sessions) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-05
-
[6]Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, 'Zidell Waterfront Property Cleanup' community fact sheet (Portland Harbor; former Commercial Iron Works site) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Oregon DEQ PDF ph-ZidellCAG.pdf - site history and contaminants sections
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- State environmental documentation at this hull's builder site: the Oregon DEQ fact sheet describes the parcel as the 'Ironworks shipyard before WWII,' purchased by Zidell in 1946, with 336 ships dismantled over 30 years and waste used as site fill; asbestos is listed among the site contaminants addressed by the cleanup (alongside metals, PAHs, PCBs, TBT), including a dedicated asbestos abatement project with certified workers, air monitoring, and bulk ACM disposal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1946-2010s
- Population
- Zidell shipbreaking workers (1946-ca.1976); site remediation workers (2000s-2010s)
- Limitations
- Yard-level environmental record, not a hull record: the documented asbestos derives overwhelmingly from post-1946 Zidell shipbreaking feedstock (336 dismantled ships) used as site fill, not from 1944 construction operations - it does not establish that asbestos was installed in LCS(L)(3)-41 or any specific hull built there. Documents that the builder's site carried asbestos-bearing ship material at scale during the disposal era. Verified live 2026-09-30 (HTTP 200).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-06
-
[7]Shipbuilding History, Commercial Iron Works yard page (Portland OR); corroborated by Tualatin Life feature (Dale Potts) and OPB/Zidell coverage [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.njscuba.net/us-comm-small/commercial/; tualatinlife.com Casey feature
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Builder profile for this hull's yard: Commercial Iron Works, founded November 1916 on a 30-acre site south of the Ross Island Bridge on the Willamette River, built approximately 188-206 small naval vessels during WWII (counts vary by source - shipbuildinghistory says 188 boats; the Casey-family Tualatin Life account says 206 ships including 106 landing craft and 49 submarine chasers), employing more than 15,000 workers at peak across three shifts. The yard closed in 1946; the site was sold to Zidell Marine and became a ship-dismantling facility.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 1941-1946
- Population
- CIW wartime workforce (peak ~15,000, incl. women workers per OHS photo collections)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilations (shipbuildinghistory, local press). Establishes yard scale and wartime workforce for the builder of this hull - no asbestos content, no hull-specific information. The 188 vs 206 build count and 15,000-worker figure are unverified against primary yard records.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-07
-
[8]Batch-5712 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page; uboat.net warship page; Shipbuilding History LCS(L) table and Commercial Iron Works yard page; mightymidgets.org (National Association of USS LCS(L) 1-130); Oregon DEQ Zidell cleanup document; NHHC/DANFS candidate URLs; NVR; NARA catalog; CourtListener API v4; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lcsl341-01 through sl-uss-lcsl341-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LCS(L)(3)-41 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). No DANFS entry exists for this hull (numbered landing craft were not covered). The vessel left Navy custody in 1947 into merchant fishing service; any 1980s-90s ACM abatement on the surviving hull, if performed, is undocumented publicly.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-30
- Study period
- 2026-09-30
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944 wartime steel hull is era-consistent with installed asbestos materials. CourtListener searched this session (authenticated API v4): 'LCS(L)-41', 'LCS(L)(3)-41', 'LCSL-41' (opinions) and 'LCS(L)-41' (dockets) all returned 0; 'LCS-41' returned only name-collision banking cases; 'LSSL-41' returned 0 - see search_ledger. Deck logs (RG 24) and builder construction records are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lcsl341-08