USS Leyden (IX-167)

Evidence

14 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-14).

1. [1]research packet zcl-packet.md [other_primary]

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Evidence ID

   uss-leyden-ix167-pkt-zcl-packet-md

2. [2]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (NHHC web edition), 'Leyden II (IX-167)' - live history.navy.mil pages 404 under current URL schemes; text captured via Internet Archive Wayback capture 2010-12-08 of canonical legacy URL history.navy.mil/danfs/l6/leyden-ii.htm [nhhc_danfs]

   Locator

   DANFS 'Leyden II' entry body and spec block; canonical legacy URL http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/l6/leyden-ii.htm (dead post-redesign; Wayback capture 20101208010230). Current-scheme equivalents leyden-ii.html / leyden-ix-167.html both returned 404 live on 2026-09-29.

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   DANFS (Naval Historical Center web edition) records: 'Leyden (IX-167), formerly Northland, was built by Harlan & Hollingsworth Corp., Wilmington, Del., in 1911. During the first part of World War II, she operated as a transport with the British Navy. She was assigned the name Leyden (IX-167) 18 May 1944; acquired by the Navy and commissioned 22 May 1944, Lt. William S. Johnson in command. From her commissioning until July 1945, Leyden operated as a naval auxiliary in British staging areas and French ports during the final European campaigns of World War II. Leyden decommissioned at Falmouth, England, 23 July 1945 for return to the WSA, and was sold to the Fu Chung International Corp., 7 November 1946. She was renamed Hung Chong.' Name note: 'The first Leyden retained her merchant name; the second was named for the first.' Spec block: (IX-167: dp. 2,500; l. 291'2"; b. 51'; dr. 18'; s. 15 k.).

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1911-1946 (identity chain); 1944-1945 (Navy service)

   Population

   U.S. Navy crew (1944-1945); British Navy-employed transport crew (1942-1944)

   Limitations

   Authoritative official history of this hull, but contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or construction-materials information and no strike date, complement, or armament. Wikipedia's article is a verbatim incorporation of this same public-domain DANFS text and was not separately relied on.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-01

3. [3]U.S. Maritime Administration, Vessel History Database - NORTHLAND Detail 11989 (characteristics block, name history, and two scanned vessel status cards, transcribed) [marad_nrc]

   Locator

   Detail 11989 characteristics block; Status Cards tab scans 6a108360-c16d-4e7b-bb35-87a640cabcec.png and af00bd41-9c20-4173-9745-83cbde387b82.jpg (both read and transcribed 2026-09-29)

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   MARAD Vessel History Database record NORTHLAND (Detail 11989) documents: year built 1911; U.S. Official No. 208377; shipyard Harlan and Hollingsworth; type Passenger/Other Passenger; length 291.20 ft; beam 51.00 ft; 2,055 gross / 1,205 net tons; fate 'Sold - Foreign Flag Op.'; name history Northland 1911-1944, Leyden 1944-1946. The attached Vessel Status Card (transcribed from scan) records: 'Basis to W.S.A. 7-11-42 Noon EWT @ Baltimore Md from Norfolk & Washington SB Co R/Title'; allocations - BMWT by bareboat at Baltimore 7-11-42 noon EWT; 'Navy Dept. (Renamed LEYDEN)' by bareboat at Glasgow, Scotland 5-22-44 4:00 p.m.; 'Laid up ... Falmouth Harbor' at Falmouth, England 7-24-45 6:00 a.m. GMT; 'Sold to Fu Chung Internationl [sic] Corp' by purchase, delivered 11-7-46 3:00 p.m. Companion card (LEYDEN card 2, ex-Northland) records: type 'River Steamer'; 'Sold for operations to Fu Chung International Corp Oct 1, 1946 under PDX-200 for $55,000'; built 1911; registered dimensions 291.2' x 51' x 18'; GROSS 3,336; acquisition requisition title $174,000.00; owner WSA; WSA declaration #44 dated 10/10/45; location Falmouth, England.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1911-1946

   Population

   Merchant crew (1911-1942); WSA/BMWT period (1942-1944); Navy crew (1944-1945); WSA caretakers (1945-1946)

   Limitations

   Official government custody record - the status cards are the primary WSA/MARAD custody document for this hull. Handwritten/typed entries partially abbreviated ('adv1936' sale-authority note on card 1 not expanded). Gross tonnage conflict between the two cards (2,055 vs 3,336) is unresolved - different measurement bases likely; see gaps. 'River Steamer' is the card's own type label for this Chesapeake Bay passenger steamer. The card's Hull No. field is blank; the Naval Marine Archive builder-list compilation (secondary source) identifies the hull as Harlan & Hollingsworth yard no. 407, corroborating the Official Number linkage. No asbestos, insulation-material, or condition-survey information; supports no asbestos claim.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-02

4. [4]Shipscribe (Stephen S. Roberts), 'USS Leyden (IX-167) Class' - compiled from official U.S. Navy auxiliary-vessel records [other_primary]

   Locator

   Class header data; Construction table row IX-167; Disposition table row IX-167; Ship Notes row IX-167; Class Notes paragraphs (Norfolk & Washington service; BMWT request; convoy RB-1; ComNavEu 17 Apr 44; AVB 2 May 44; rename rationale; Glasgow conversion; 12th Fleet; CNO 6 Jun 45; postwar disposition)

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   Shipscribe's LEYDEN (IX-167) class record documents: design 'Coastal Pass., 1908'; displacement 1,900 light / 3,117 full tons; dimensions 305.0' oa / 291.2' pp x 51' x 17.75'; machinery 1 screw, 1 4-cylinder triple-expansion engine; speed 15 kts; 1944 armament 1x3-inch + 4x20mm (class listing for both ships). Construction table: LEYDEN acquired 22 May 44, built Harlan & Hollingsworth, launched 1911, commissioned 22 May 44. Disposition table: decommissioned 23 Jul 45, stricken 3 Aug 45, disposed to Maritime Commission 23 Jul 45, MA sale 7 Nov 46. Ship note: 'Ex merc. NORTHLAND (ID-1669, completed Mar 11). To WSA and Lend-Leased to UK 11 Jul 42. To USN at Glasgow, Scotland, 22 May 44 and renamed, barracks ship. Laid up in Falmouth Harbor, UK, 24 Jul 45. To buyer for operation 7 Nov 46, merc. HUNG CHONG 1947, scrapped 1955.' Class notes document: the Norfolk & Washington Steamboat Co. took delivery of SOUTHLAND (1909) and NORTHLAND (1911) for the Washington D.C.-Norfolk service with stops at Alexandria and Old Point Comfort; NORTHLAND's plant was rated 2,400 hp; both steamers were requisitioned 11 Jul 42 by WSA for war service with the British Ministry of War Transport, which had requested 11 coastal ships for troops across the Irish Sea; nine departed St. John's, Newfoundland 21 Sep 42 with British merchant crews in convoy RB-1 (code name Maniac), which was attacked 25-26 Sep by 14 U-boats - three steamers (BOSTON, NEW YORK, YORKTOWN) were sunk while five including NORTHLAND and SOUTHLAND reached Scotland; on 17 Apr 44 ComNavEu requested acquisition of NORTHLAND, SOUTHLAND, and PRESIDENT WARFIELD; on 2 May 44 the Auxiliary Vessels Board recommended bareboat charter from WSA manned by in-theater naval personnel; the name change to LEYDEN (18 May 44) honored a Civil War-era Navy tug and avoided confusion with USCGC NORTHLAND; SOUTHLAND was converted May 1944 by Thomas Tanahill & Sons, Glasgow, to accommodate 457 men and 87 officers, and LEYDEN 'probably similarly altered'; the pair were assigned to the 12th Fleet on or before 16 Sep 44; CNO considered them incapable of an Atlantic crossing and authorized return to WSA in Europe on 6 Jun 45; the owner sailed the ex-ships to the Far East via Suez in 1947 and former SOUTHLAND - and possibly her sister - later served with Pao Ching Co., Hong Kong, in river service before scrapping in 1955.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1911-1955

   Population

   Norfolk-Washington merchant crews (1911-1942); British merchant crews under BMWT (1942-1944); Glasgow conversion yard workforce (1944); U.S. Navy crew and embarked barracks population (1944-1945)

   Limitations

   Secondary scholarly compilation of official Navy records - the construction/disposition/ship-note rows name this hull; the convoy RB-1, AVB, and CNO material is documented program/fleet history. The Glasgow conversion figure (457 men + 87 officers) is documented for sister IX-168 only; Shipscribe itself says LEYDEN was 'probably' similarly altered - that probability is carried as inference, not fact. 'Possibly her sister' for the Pao Ching river-service period is the compiler's hedge. Contains no asbestos or materials information.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-03

5. [5]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, USS Leyden (IX-167) page - compilation of official specifications and NHHC photographs (80-G-255749, 80-G-256094) [other_primary]

   Locator

   IX-167 page: service chronology bullets, awards block, Specifications block, photo caption block (live navsource.org fetch failed DNS this session; identical page fetched live from navsource.net mirror)

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   NavSource hull page for USS Leyden (IX-167) documents the service chronology: built 1911 as small passenger steamer SS Northland by Harlan & Hollingsworth Corp., Wilmington DE; operated as a transport by the British Navy during early WWII; assigned name Leyden and designated IX-167 18 May 1944; acquired and commissioned 22 May 1944, LT William S. Johnson in command; assigned to the Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater as a naval auxiliary in British staging areas and French ports; decommissioned 23 July 1945 at Falmouth, England; struck and returned to WSA (date unknown to NavSource); sold to Fu Chung International Corp. 7 November 1946, renamed SS Hung Chong; final disposition unknown to NavSource. Specifications: displacement 2,500 t.; length 291'2"; beam 51'; draft 18'; speed 15 kts; armament unknown; propulsion one vertical triple-expansion steam engine, single propeller. International radio call sign NACC (November-Alpha-Charlie-Charlie). Awards: Europe-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal; World War II Victory Medal. Photo captions reproduce two official NHHC photographs - 80-G-255749 (11 Aug 1944, Leyden in a nest between USS PC-1233 and USS Southland (IX-168) at Cherbourg, France) and 80-G-256094 (30 Aug 1944, Leyden at Cherbourg with Southland alongside to port) - captioned that the two larger ships 'served as barracks and station ships at Cherbourg after the Normandy landings.'

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1911-1946

   Population

   U.S. Navy crew and embarked barracks population at Cherbourg (1944); British transport crews (1942-1944)

   Limitations

   Volunteer-maintained compilation of official records - the Cherbourg photographs carry NHHC catalog numbers, and the barracks/station-ship role is the photo captions' own description. NavSource's bullet 'Renamed SS Leyden, date unknown' is internally inconsistent with its next bullet (name assigned by the Navy 18 May 1944) - resolved in correction row ev-12. 'Armament unknown' here vs Shipscribe's class armament listing - see gaps. Contains no asbestos or insulation-material information.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-04

6. [6]NavSource IX-167 Specifications block (machinery documentation) + Shipscribe IX-167 class record machinery line and class notes - the asbestos content is era/design inference, not stated by either source [other_primary]

   Locator

   NavSource IX-167 Specifications 'Propulsion' lines; Shipscribe IX-167 class header 'Machinery' and class notes

   Finding type

   asbestos_application

   Finding

   The hull's documented plant - a single vertical triple-expansion steam engine (4-cylinder, ~2,400 hp per Shipscribe) on one screw - is a marine steam installation of the type for which era practice lagged boilers, steam piping, and engine cylinders with asbestos-containing insulation, and for which steam-system gaskets, packing, and insulation felts of the period commonly contained asbestos. All fitting periods of this hull (1911 original construction at Harlan & Hollingsworth, Wilmington DE; 1942-44 British repair and reconditioning under BMWT; the 1944 Glasgow conversion to a barracks ship accommodating hundreds; 1944-45 Navy service) predate the Navy's early-1970s substitution of alternative insulation materials.

   Verification

   inferred

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1911-1955

   Population

   Harlan & Hollingsworth construction trades (1911); British repair/shipyard workforces (1942-1944); Glasgow conversion workforce (1944); merchant engine-room crews (1911-1942); Navy crew and barracks population (1944-1945); Hong Kong commercial crews (1947-1955); scrapping workforce (1955)

   Limitations

   Era/design inference only - the cited sources document the machinery but say nothing about insulation materials; no insulation specification, hull survey, or construction-materials record was located for this hull. The inference spans three periods: 1911 merchant construction (early-1900s marine practice per Greenberg, ev-06), 1942-44 British wartime repair/conversion work (Anglo-American wartime peak per Hedley-Whyte & Milamed, ev-07, and Corn & Starr, ev-08), and 1944-45 Navy service (pre-substitution era per GAO, ev-09). Does not establish quantity, location, present-day presence (hull scrapped 1955), individual exposure, or causation.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-05

7. [7]Greenberg, Morris, 'Mineral fiber problems and their management: UK 1890-1935,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 46(3):304-311 (2004), PMID 15307129 [other_primary]

   Locator

   Abstract and article, AJIM 46(3):304-311

   Finding type

   asbestos_application

   Finding

   Peer-reviewed UK history documents that by the early 1900s asbestos had been substituted for the man-made mineral-fiber insulation material employed to improve the thermal efficiency of steam-powered engines, and traces the emergence of UK awareness and control of fibrous-mineral hazards 1890-1935 - the era covering this hull's 1911 construction and the early portion of her merchant service.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1890-1935 era documented; article 2004

   Population

   Early-20th-century steam-engine insulation workers and crews (class context)

   Limitations

   Program/era-level scholarly documentation of mineral-fiber and asbestos insulation use on steam engines in the early 1900s (UK focus); does not name this vessel, does not describe U.S. merchant construction practice specifically, and does not establish that asbestos was or remained aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-06

8. [8]Hedley-Whyte, John, and Debra R. Milamed, 'Asbestos and Ship-Building: Fatal Consequences,' Ulster Medical Journal 77(3):191-200 (2008), PMCID PMC2604477, PMID 18956802 [other_primary]

   Locator

   PMC2604477 - abstract, 'Logistics of Asbestos' section, Tables I-II

   Finding type

   asbestos_application

   Finding

   Peer-reviewed medical-history study documents asbestos use in U.S. and UK shipbuilding, including the wartime peak (US average 783 million lb/yr during WWII; UK use following a similar historical pattern) and the 'necessary asbestos use associated with' wartime shipbuilding programs - covering the era of this hull's 1942 requisition, British repair/reconditioning, and 1944 Glasgow conversion.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1940-1945 era documented; article 2008

   Population

   WWII-era UK and U.S. shipyard workers (class context)

   Limitations

   Program/era-level scholarship on Anglo-American shipbuilding asbestos use; does not name this vessel and does not establish that asbestos was or remained aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. Relevant to the 1942-44 UK-yard work documented for this hull but does not describe that work's materials.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-07

9. [9]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]

   Locator

   Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373

   Finding type

   asbestos_application

   Finding

   Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era covering this U.S.-flag hull's 1942 WSA requisition and wartime service - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard ship hulls.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-29

   Study period

   1940s era documented; article 1987

   Population

   WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)

   Limitations

   Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII U.S. shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel, describes U.S.-yard practice (this hull's wartime work was in British yards), and does not establish that asbestos was or remained aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-leyden-ix167-08

10. [10]GAO, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure,' HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]

    Locator

    GAO product page HRD-80-2 (product-page description; full text not retrieved - gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches, standing since BATCH-01)

    Finding type

    gov_survey

    Finding

    GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - every insulation installation aboard this hull (1911 construction; 1942-44 British refit work; 1944 conversion; 1944-45 Navy service) predates the substitution era.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    context

    Documentation level

    class_or_era

    Accessed

    2026-09-29

    Study period

    report 1979; substitution era early 1970s

    Population

    Navy maintenance/overhaul workforce era (program context)

    Limitations

    Navy-program-level documentation; does not name this hull. Bounds the era (all insulation work aboard predates early-1970s material substitution) without establishing presence, quantity, or condition of asbestos aboard this vessel.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-leyden-ix167-09

11. [11]CourtListener API v4 search (authenticated), queries per search_ledger [court_record]

    Locator

    search_ledger rows sl-uss-leyden-ix167-07a through -07e

    Finding type

    litigation_documented

    Finding

    CourtListener opinion searches (authenticated API v4, 2026-09-29): '"USS Leyden"' returned 0 results. '"Leyden"' returned 1,111 hits; the reviewed surface (first 20 by relevance) is all name collisions - Town of Leyden municipal litigation (e.g., Town of Leyden v. Cohen, Mass. App. 2018), Leyden-surname parties (e.g., Grandoit v. R.J. Leyden, LLC), and Leyden Community High School District cases; no vessel or asbestos opinion in the reviewed surface. '"IX-167"' returned 5 hits, all token collisions (Roman-numeral/section/docket-token noise: Trustees of the University v. North Carolina Rail Road, N.C. 1877 - predating the ship by 34 years; Brilliant Coal Co. v. Barton, Ala. 1920; a 1992 Texas Attorney General opinion; Casumpang v. ILWU Local 142, 9th Cir. 2001; Gilbreath v. Horan, Tex. App. 2022). '"SS Northland"' returned 0 results. '"Hung Chong"' returned 1 hit - Protests 82168-K of Hung Chong & Co., 13 Cust. Ct. 299 (1944), a customs protest by the trading firm decided three years before the ship's 1947 rename; name collision. No opinion concerning asbestos exposure aboard this hull was located.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    negative_finding

    Documentation level

    ship_specific

    Accessed

    2026-09-29

    Study period

    2026-09-29

    Limitations

    Sweep covers opinions indexed by CourtListener only - it does not reach unindexed dockets, state-court filings, settled claims, or administrative claims (incl. VA or Navy-era claims), and absence of an indexed opinion is not proof no litigation ever involved the hull. The bare merchant name 'Northland' was not separately queried - as a common trade name it guarantees noise without signal (a hit could not be attributed to this hull without a corroborating official-number reference); the scoped '"SS Northland"' probe returned zero. The bare 'Leyden' result set (1,111 hits) was surface-reviewed (first 20 by relevance), not exhaustively enumerated - Leyden is a common surname and municipality name; the relevance-ranked surface contained no vessel reference.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-leyden-ix167-10

12. [12]Batch-4735 search ledger (this record): DANFS via Wayback; MARAD Detail 11989 + status cards; Shipscribe IX-167 class; NavSource IX-167; HyperWar IX/alpha-L listings; NVR; CourtListener opinion searches; web search for surveys/abatement/vendor pages [other_primary]

    Locator

    search_ledger rows sl-uss-leyden-ix167-01 through -10

    Finding type

    historical_record

    Finding

    No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS Leyden (IX-167), SS Northland (Official No. 208377), or SS Hung Chong was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). Asbestos-vendor/lead-generation surfaces returned no ship-specific page for this hull.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    negative_finding

    Documentation level

    ship_specific

    Accessed

    2026-09-29

    Study period

    2026-09-29

    Limitations

    Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1911 steam plant with documented 1942-44 British wartime repair work and a 1944 Glasgow conversion is era-consistent with asbestos-containing insulation and materials. Hull scrapped 1955, pre-dating asbestos-regulatory documentation; this row does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-leyden-ix167-11

13. [13]MARAD status card (Navy Dept. (Renamed LEYDEN), Glasgow, 5-22-44) + DANFS (name assigned 18 May 1944) + Shipscribe ship note and class notes (rename to avoid USCGC Northland confusion) vs NavSource chronology bullet [other_primary]

    Locator

    MARAD Detail 11989 status card allocation rows; DANFS Leyden II entry; Shipscribe IX-167 ship note/class notes; NavSource IX-167 chronology bullets

    Finding type

    historical_record

    Finding

    Source discrepancy resolved: NavSource's chronology bullet 'Renamed SS Leyden, date unknown' implies an undocumented merchant-service rename and is internally inconsistent with its own next bullet ('Assigned the name Leyden and designated Miscellaneous Unclassified IX-167, 18 May 1944'). The authoritative sequence per DANFS, Shipscribe, and the MARAD status card is: the Navy assigned the name Leyden (IX-167) by letter of 18 May 1944 - to avoid confusion with USCGC Northland - while the hull was still WSA-owned on Lend-Lease to BMWT, and she was delivered to/renamed under the Navy bareboat charter at Glasgow 22 May 1944 ('Navy Dept. (Renamed LEYDEN)' per the status card). No independent merchant 'SS Leyden' period is documented.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    correction

    Documentation level

    ship_specific

    Accessed

    2026-09-29

    Study period

    1944

    Limitations

    Resolves a compilation-level ambiguity about the name-change sequence; does not affect identity or custody timeline materially. No asbestos content in any of these sources.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-leyden-ix167-12

14. [14]NARA record-group guides (RG 24 Navy deck logs; RG 313.5.6 Naval Forces Europe; RG 248 WSA) + UK National Archives discovery guidance + Hagley Museum and Library H&H/Bethlehem Wilmington collections [other_primary]

    Locator

    archives.gov deck-log guidance; archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/248.html; nationalarchives.gov.uk; hagley.org collections

    Finding type

    historical_record

    Finding

    Archival leads not retrieved: NARA RG 24 deck logs for IX-167 (May 1944-July 1945); NARA RG 313 (Records of Naval Operating Forces, 313.5.6) records of Commander Naval Forces Europe / Twelfth Fleet (war diaries and Cherbourg station records for the barracks-ship period); NARA RG 248 (War Shipping Administration) vessel files for Northland/Leyden 1942-46; UK National Archives Admiralty and Transport series covering the BMWT bareboat period and any 1944 Glasgow conversion work orders; NHHC/NARA 80-G still-picture series frames around 80-G-255749 and 80-G-256094; Hagley Museum and Library (Wilmington DE) holds Harlan & Hollingsworth / Bethlehem Steel Wilmington corporate records which may contain the yard hull 407 construction file. No paid reproduction or archival retrieval was authorized for this batch.

    Verification

    unverified

    Role

    archival_lead

    Documentation level

    context_only

    Accessed

    2026-09-29

    Study period

    record coverage 1911-1946

    Limitations

    Pointers only - the referenced files were not retrieved or read; their contents are unknown and may or may not contain materials/insulation information. The Glasgow conversion file (if extant in TNA or yard records) is the most plausible locus of a materials specification for this hull's 1944 Navy outfitting. Logged so the search path is reproducible.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-leyden-ix167-13