Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
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[1]Naval History and Heritage Command, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS), "Longspur II" entry (AMCU-28) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry for Longspur II (AMCU-28); primary text not retrieved this session - see limitations_note
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS Longspur (AMCU-28), ex-USS LCI(L)-884, an LCI(L)-351-class large infantry landing craft: laid down 22 September 1944 by the New Jersey Shipbuilding Corporation, Barber, New Jersey; launched 20 October 1944; commissioned 27 October 1944. Awarded one battle star for World War II service as LCI(L)-884. Later converted to coastal minesweeper (underwater locator) duty and named Longspur (AMCU-28), subsequently reclassified MHC-28. Final decommissioning 1 January 1954; struck from the Navy List 1 January 1960; sold to Mills Marine Co. 18 May 1960; towed for scrapping 22 June 1960. Reported technical characteristics: displacement approximately 216 long tons, length approximately 158 ft 6 in, beam approximately 23 ft 3 in, eight GM/Detroit Diesel 6-71 diesel engines on two shafts (~1,600 bhp combined), approximately 14 knots, complement reported elsewhere as approximately 2 officers and 21 enlisted (this last figure not carried into the structured complement field per house rule requiring DANFS/NHHC verification of crew figures - see gaps).
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Limitations
- The entire history.navy.mil domain (root page, DANFS index, and this specific entry) returned persistent HTTP 503 responses across repeated attempts and retry intervals over the course of this research session, and a direct TLS-level fetch independently failed to validate the site's certificate chain - a standing, site-wide access failure, not a one-off. The facts in this row are drawn from convergent secondary aggregation (principally a Wikipedia article that cites this exact DANFS URL as its sole source and reproduces DANFS-style phrasing), not from a primary-source read performed in this session. Nothing here establishes asbestos presence, quantity, condition, individual exposure, or causation - this row is vessel-identity/history only. Complement, exact tonnage/beam, and engine bhp figures are technical-manual-level details not independently cross-checked and should be treated as provisional pending primary confirmation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-longspur-amcu28-01
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[2]Naval History and Heritage Command DANFS entry (Longspur II, AMCU-28) as reproduced/paraphrased across secondary aggregations; primary text not retrieved this session [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Conflicting postwar-date sequences observed across independent secondary search results derived from the same underlying DANFS entry; not resolved to a single primary read
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The postwar redesignation/conversion timeline for this hull conflicts across available secondary sources and is not resolved here. One account: decommissioned as LCI(L)-884 on 24 March 1947; redesignated/named Longspur (AMCU-28) 7 March 1952; recommissioned June 1952; reclassified MHC-28 7 February 1953; operated out of Charleston, SC until 1 January 1954. A second account: AMCU-28 conversion performed at Charleston Naval Shipyard beginning 15 November 1953 and completed 15 May 1954, with the vessel then assigned to the 6th Naval District for harbor defense - a sequence that post-dates the first account's own MHC-28 reclassification and final-decommissioning date. These two sequences cannot both be correct as stated. Separately, a hull-number variant "LCI(L)-844" appears in some secondary material alongside "LCI(L)-884"; it is treated as a probable transposition typo, not adopted as a distinct or corrected hull number.
- Verification
- disputed
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1947-1954
- Limitations
- This row exists to record an unresolved discrepancy honestly rather than to assert either date sequence as fact - per house discipline, when in doubt the record classifies down and states the conflict rather than guessing. Resolution requires a direct primary-source read of the DANFS entry (currently inaccessible - see ev-01) or a corroborating NARA/NVR record. Carried in gaps as an open item.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-longspur-amcu28-02
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[3]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, "Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding," American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II, the era in which this hull was built and initially commissioned, and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization across the shipbuilding program generally.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article published 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and vessel crews (program-wide context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel, this vessel's class, or landing-craft/small-auxiliary construction specifically; does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-longspur-amcu28-03
-
[4]United States. Bureau of Ships / Bureau of Naval Personnel, Diesel Engine Maintenance Training Manual (February 1946) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Full-text (djvu.txt) reviewed for the term "asbestos"; sections on engine insulation, gaskets, packing, and exhaust systems
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships' Diesel Engine Maintenance Training Manual (February 1946), contemporaneous with this vessel's diesel plant, describes engine insulation, gaskets, packing, and exhaust-system maintenance and troubleshooting for Navy diesel installations of the era. The manual does not name asbestos anywhere in its text.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1946
- Limitations
- This is a general Bureau of Ships diesel-maintenance manual, not a document specific to the LCI(L)-351/AMCU-7 class or to this hull. The manual's silence on asbestos does not establish that asbestos-containing gaskets, packing, or exhaust lagging were absent from Navy diesel installations of this era - such materials commonly contained asbestos as a matter of general period industrial practice - it only establishes that this particular technical source does not name the material. Does not establish presence, absence, quantity, condition, exposure, or causation for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-longspur-amcu28-04
-
[5]CourtListener API v4 search (opinions type 'o' and RECAP types 'r'/'d'); collision case: Albert v. Scott's Truck Plaza, Inc., 978 So. 2d 1264 (Miss. 2008) [court_record]
- Locator
- See search_ledger rows sl-uss-longspur-amcu28-03 through sl-uss-longspur-amcu28-08
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener searches (opinions and RECAP) for "Longspur," "AMCU-28," "MHC-28," "LCI(L)-884," and "LSIL-884," alone and combined with "asbestos," returned no qualifying case naming this vessel. The only opinion-level hits for "Longspur" (4 results) are unrelated name collisions: an unrelated Mississippi real-estate/partnership entity named "Longspur, L.P." appearing in wrongful-death litigation unconnected to this vessel or to asbestos (Albert v. Scott's Truck Plaza, Inc., 978 So.2d 1264 (Miss. 2008), and its earlier disposition), plus two unrelated opinions where "Longspur" appears incidentally. RECAP searches on the hull-number variants returned zero results; a broader RECAP "Longspur asbestos" query returned 8 loosely-matched results, none of which contain the string "Longspur" on inspection - confirming no genuine hit.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 2026-09-24
- Limitations
- Absence of a located litigation record does not establish that no exposure claim exists or could exist involving this hull - it establishes only that none was found in CourtListener's indexed opinion and RECAP corpus as of this search date under the name/hull-number variants searched. Per litigation-stage discipline, no allegation, finding, or judgment is asserted here because none was located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-longspur-amcu28-05
-
[6]Batch-1657 search ledger (this record): CourtListener name/hull-number searches; NHHC/DANFS access attempts; NARA record-group identification; no NPS, museum, or preservation record exists for a scrapped 1960 hull [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-longspur-amcu28-01 through sl-uss-longspur-amcu28-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum/preservation record, or docketed case naming this hull under any of its names (Longspur, LCI(L)-884, LSIL-884, AMCU-28, MHC-28) was found in the public sources searched. The vessel was scrapped in 1960 and was never preserved as a museum ship, so no present-day hazmat/abatement disclosure exists to search.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 2026-09-24
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard this hull during its service life - it establishes only that no documentary record was located in this search. Does not establish presence, absence, quantity, or any exposure/legal-eligibility conclusion.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-longspur-amcu28-06
-
[7]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) and RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel) [other_primary]
- Locator
- https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/019.html ; https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/024.html
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival lead (not retrieved - requires research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): NARA RG 19 (Records of the Bureau of Ships, 1794-1972) holds ship construction/repair documentation and engineering plans, including LCI(L)-class ship plans, that may cover hull LCI(L)-884/AMCU-28/MHC-28 construction and conversion. NARA RG 24 (Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, 1798-1991) holds deck logs and muster rolls that would include this hull's commissioned-service logs and crew rosters, which could confirm the disputed postwar redesignation dates and verified complement figures.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- records span 1794-1991
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of hull-specific or asbestos-specific documents is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding. This is also the plausible path to resolving the disputed postwar-date sequence in ev-02.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-longspur-amcu28-07