Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]research packet 868-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: MISMATCH (name–hull pairing disputed; see advisory)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-louden-pc1213-pkt-868-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Louden (PC-1213), Vol. IV p. 145 (verbatim transcription via Haze Gray & Underway mirror; live NHHC page returns 404 on all located variants; hazegray.org no longer resolves - cited via Wayback capture 2022-09-10) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Vol. IV p. 145, Louden entry (spec block + narrative)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: named for a city in Kentucky; laid down as PC-1213 by Luders Marine Construction Co., Stamford, Conn., 7 November 1942; launched 22 May 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Samuel Strob, wife of the Mayor of Jamestown, N.Y., whose citizens paid for the patrol craft's construction with war bonds; commissioned at New York 6 October 1943, Lt. (jg.) J. H. Robertson, USNR, in command. Caribbean Sea Frontier patrol duty: SCTC Miami; San Juan via Guantanamo; Coco Solo, Canal Zone; convoy escort to Aruba and Curacao; major engineering casualty at Willemstad 9 January 1944, towed by Squantum (AT-174) to San Juan 6-9 February; resumed operations 30 April 1944 convoying among the British and Netherlands West Indies, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Canal Zone, Savannah, Ga., and Charleston, S.C. through May 1945; 4th Fleet operations through May 1946. Departed San Juan 3 June 1946; to the Great Lakes via the St. Lawrence; decommissioned at Green Bay, Wis., 20 July 1946 and placed in service in Naval Reserve training; Green Bay until similar duty at Norfolk from October 1949; renamed Louden 1 February 1956; struck from the Navy list and sold to Walsh Construction Co., New York, N.Y., 14 December 1959; towed away for scrapping 23 December.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1959
- Population
- Luders Marine construction trades 1942-43; wartime crew (design complement 65); reserve-training crews Green Bay and Norfolk 1946-59
- Limitations
- DANFS documents identity, construction, and service narrative - no materials or asbestos content. The renaming date (1 February 1956) conflicts with NavSource's 15 February 1956; the text couples striking with the 14 December 1959 sale while NavSource dates the striking 1 April 1959 - both conflicts carried in gaps. Cited via Wayback capture of the hazegray transcription because the live NHHC page returns 404 and hazegray.org no longer resolves in DNS (confirmed 2026-10-03).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-louden-pc1213-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, Louden (PC 1213) ex-PC-1213 - milestone timeline, specifications, commanding officers, NARA-captioned photography (live page verified 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/011213.htm header block, specifications block, photo captions, commanding-officer table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource record for this hull: laid down 7 November 1942 by Luders Marine Construction Co., Stamford, CT; launched 22 May 1943; commissioned USS PC-1213, 6 October 1943 at New York, NY; decommissioned 20 July 1946 at Green Bay, Wisconsin and placed in service as a naval reserve training vessel in the 9th Naval District (Great Lakes); named Louden 15 February 1956; struck from the Navy Register 1 April 1959; sold for scrap 14 December 1959 to the Walsh Construction Co. of New York, NY; scrapped at Portland, ME in 1960. Specifications: 280 t. light / 450 t. full; 173'8" x 23' x 10'10"; 20.2 kts; complement 65; one 3"/50 dual-purpose mount, one 40 mm mount, two 20 mm guns, four depth-charge projectors, two depth-charge tracks; two 2,880 bhp Hooven-Owens-Rentschler R-99DA diesel engines (serials 7027, 7028), no reduction gear, two shafts. Call sign November-Quebec-Tango-Whiskey. Launch photograph NARA 19-N-47911 shows her alongside PC-605 on 22 May 1943 with plaque: 'This Fighting Ship Sponsored and Made Possible by the War Bond Purchases of the People of Jamestown, NY.' Commanding officers listed: LTJG John H. Robertson, USNR (6 Oct 1943-1944); LT Henry A. Caesar, II, USNR (1944-).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1960
- Population
- Crew (design complement 65); reserve trainees at Green Bay/Norfolk; 1959-60 shipbreakers at Portland, ME
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track DANFS but two conflict with it (renaming 15 Feb vs 1 Feb 1956; striking 1 Apr vs DANFS's coupling with the 14 Dec 1959 sale - both carried in gaps). 'Scrapped at Portland, ME in 1960' rests on NavSource alone - DANFS ends at the 23 December 1959 tow-away. The scrapping predates modern ACM-handling regulation; no hazmat or material record for the breakup was located. Contains no asbestos content. A third CO (Joe M. Liles, Jr., USNR, from mid-1945) appears only on secondary compilation uboat.net - not carried in this record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-louden-pc1213-02
-
[4]Era inference built on: DANFS spec block (PC-461 class, 1942-43 construction); NavSource specifications (two Hooven-Owens-Rentschler R-99DA diesels, no steam plant); PC-461-class program scale (341 completed 1940-1944); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era documentation (see ev-04) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS spec block; NavSource specifications; GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-04)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered PC-461-class patrol craft built 1942-43 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a small combatant of this type and period were thermal insulation, diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, deck coverings, and bulkhead insulation. As a diesel vessel she carried no boilers or steam lines - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply - but her machinery spaces remained confined compartments where era insulation materials were worked and disturbed.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1960
- Population
- Luders Marine construction trades (1942-43); wartime crew (1943-46); reserve-training crews and maintenance personnel (1946-59); 1959-60 shipbreakers
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for PC-1213. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-louden-pc1213-03
-
[5]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942-43) and service era (1943-59).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, consistent with prior batch findings) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-louden-pc1213-04
-
[6]New York Times, 'A Shipyard Legend Named Luders' (July 9, 1995) - regional retrospective on Luders Marine Construction Co. and the Stamford Historical Society exhibition of its history [reputable_press]
- Locator
- NYT article body (yard history; 1968 closure; 1962 records fire; historian Bob Wallstrom's Luders directory)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Builder-side documentation context: Luders Marine Construction Co. operated on Stamford Harbor for about 60 years until its demise in 1968, building pleasure and war vessels; its records were lost in a 1962 shipyard fire, and a former employee was compiling a Luders history and directory of surviving vessels via the Stamford Historical Society exhibition (1995). The 1962 records loss explains the absence of builder-side hull specifications or material lists for PC-1213.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1908-1968 (yard era); 1995 (article)
- Population
- Luders Marine workforce (era context)
- Limitations
- Press retrospective, not a primary record; establishes yard history and the records-loss event, nothing about this hull's materials. The Stamford Historical Society Luders collection is a lead for yard-level documentation, not a located record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-louden-pc1213-05
-
[7]NARA, 'Ship Plans in the Cartographic Research Room' (RG 19, Bureau of Ships - WWII-era booklets of general plans per ship); plus NARA RG 24 WWII deck logs and Bureau of Ships photo 19-N-47911 (NavSource caption) [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov ship-plans research page (RG 19 holdings description); NavSource caption citing photo 19-N-47911
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads for hull-level records: NARA's Cartographic Branch holds WWII-era booklets of general plans in RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) - inboard/outboard profiles and deck plans produced per ship, the class of record in which period material callouts (insulation, deck coverings) would appear if a PC-1213 or PC-461-class booklet survives. NARA RG 24 holds WWII-era deck logs. Bureau of Ships photo 19-N-47911 (NavSource caption) confirms a NARA photographic record for this hull's 22 May 1943 launching alongside PC-605.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1946 (records era); 2026 (lead status)
- Population
- Construction trades and crew, if hull records survive
- Limitations
- Archival leads only - no PC-1213 booklet of general plans, deck log, or material specification was retrieved or reviewed; whether a hull- or class-level plans booklet survives for PC-1213 is unverified. NARA catalog search could not be executed programmatically (JS-rendered interface). Leads establish where records would live, not that they exist or what they contain.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-louden-pc1213-06
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[8]Batch-7709 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (404, Wayback transcription used); NavSource; Naval Vessel Register; NIOSH HETA index (Luders Marine); NARA catalog; CourtListener (see search_ledger for final status); marketing-source screen [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-louden-pc1213-01 through sl-uss-louden-pc1213-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming PC-1213/Louden was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). Marketing-source assertions (ship-asbestos listicles) exist but are excluded by source policy - none provide primary documentation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the ship's 1942-43 construction sits inside the documented Navy asbestos-use era, and her builder's records were destroyed in a 1962 fire. Does not establish that asbestos was or was not present; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. Litigation coverage is incomplete: CourtListener was unsearched this session (shared daily quota exhausted, HTTP 429) - logged as blocked in the search ledger, not as a negative result.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-louden-pc1213-07