Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]research packet 529-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lsm-11-lsm11-pkt-529-packet-md
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[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-11 - milestones, campaign list, awards, specification block, commanding officers, disposition (history extract sourced to LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces, Vol. II, Turner Publishing 1997) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/14/14011.htm history block, specifications block, awards display, commanding-officers table, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LSM-1 class Landing Ship Medium; laid down 20 March 1944 at Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, TX; launched 30 April 1944; commissioned USS LSM-11 on 31 May 1944, LT. Dudley E. Snyder USNR in command. Assigned Asiatic-Pacific Theater; at Okinawa under LSM Flotilla Three (CDR. W. F. Morrison USN), LSM Group Seven (LCDR. C. A. Lamborn USNR), LSM Division Thirteen. Campaigns: Luzon operation - Lingayen Gulf landings 9 January 1945; Okinawa Gunto operation - assault and occupation 1-17 April 1945. Postwar: occupation service in the Far East 8 October - 2 November 1945. Decommissioned 27 June 1946 at Charleston, S.C. Struck from the Naval Register, date unknown. Two battle stars for WWII. Sold 29 December 1947 to Georgia Marine Salvage Co., Inc., Brunswick, GA and converted to a barge; fate unknown. Specification block: 520 t. light / 743 t. landing / 1,095 t. full; 203'6" oa; beam 34'6"; 13.2 kts; complement 5 officers + 54 enlisted; troops 2 officers + 46 enlisted; armament one twin 40mm bow mount + four single 20mm; propulsion two Fairbanks Morse 38D81/8X10 reversible diesels, hydraulic clutch, direct drive, 1,440 BHP each @ 720rpm, twin screws 2,800 shp. COs: Snyder (31 May 1944 - Dec 1945); LTjg. William J. Leahigh USNR (Dec 1945 - 15 Apr 1946); ENS. E. Southworth USNR (15 Apr - 27 Jun 1946). International radio call sign NVAU.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (Mar-May 1944); wartime crew (~59) plus embarked troops; occupation-duty crew (1945-46); Georgia Marine Salvage conversion workers (1948)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry; the ship history extract is sourced to Turner Publishing's LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces Vol. II (1997), a veteran-unit history. Milestone dates corroborated by the Brown yard list (shipbuildinghistory.com) and uboat.net. Contains no asbestos content. 'Struck from the Naval Register, date unknown' - navypedia lists 1947 (unverified variant, see gaps).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-11-01
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[3]National Museum of the Pacific War, 'Oral History Interview with Eugene Strathman, May 5, 2009' (interviewer Larry Rabalais; 41 pp. transcript; local-cont-no OH02569; subject heading 'USS LSM-11'), Portal to Texas History / UNT Libraries [museum_official]
- Locator
- Portal to Texas History ark:/67531/metapth1605599, OH02569; OAI-PMH GetRecord identifier ark:/67531/metapth1605599; indexed transcript page /m1/9/
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A crew oral history for this hull exists in a named museum collection: Eugene Strathman joined the Navy fall 1943, completed signal school, and was assigned to LSM-11. Per the catalog description, the ship hauled tank destroyers to Hilo, Hawaii; Strathman served as a cook; in January 1945 the ship participated in the Lingayen Gulf invasion (he recalls 'the first ship to hit the beach'); he describes witnessing kamikaze raids from a 20mm battle station; the ship participated in the Battle of Okinawa April 1945 and the Ie Shima landing; he was discharged 1946. An indexed transcript page recalls ship's company '55 men and 5 officers' and 55 embarked Marines.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1946 (service period recollected); interview 2009
- Population
- Eugene Strathman (cook; battle station 20mm AA gun) and wartime ship's company
- Limitations
- Archival lead, not fully reviewed: the Portal serves transcripts behind an Altcha bot challenge - automated access to item and page-level URLs was blocked 2026-10-01; catalog metadata (title, date, repository, OH02569, 'USS LSM-11' subject heading, description) verified via the repository's OAI-PMH endpoint, and transcript snippets via search index only. Oral history is recollection recorded ~65 years postwar, not a contemporaneous record; individual recollections (e.g., 'first ship to hit the beach') are attributed to the interviewee, not asserted as unit record. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-11-02
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[4]shipbuildinghistory.com, Brown Shipbuilding yard list (Tim Colton's shipbuilding reference) - yard hull table and yard history [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com Brown Shipbuilding page, hull table row 116 and yard-history paragraph
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The builder's hull list documents this hull as yard no. 116, LSM-11, landing ship: laid down 20 March 1944, launched 30 April 1944, delivered/commissioned 31 May 1944 - 'sold to Georgia Marine Salvage 1947, converted to barge MM 70 (ON 268925)'. Yard context: Brown Shipbuilding was built in 1941 by George and Herman Brown at Green's Bayou on the Houston Ship Channel with $9mm from the Navy; it built 12 PCs, 32 LCI(L)s, 61 DEs and 254 LSMs - 359 vessels in four years; the yard passed to Todd Shipyards in 1949.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding wartime trades (1944); Georgia Marine Salvage conversion trades (1948)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation (standard shipbuilding reference), not a primary registry; milestone dates corroborate NavSource/Turner. The 'MM 70 (ON 268925)' merchant documentation identity for the converted barge is reported only by this source - original documentation file may exist in NARA RG 26/36/41 vessel documentation case files (not examined). Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-11-03
-
[5]Bureau of Ships, Landing Ship Medium class manual ('LSM Class Manual'), 1 March 1944, Serial No. 1766, issued to USS LSM-294 - digitized chapter scans hosted by NavSource [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource lsm manual index; PDFs lsm02-30.pdf (propelling machinery), lsm02-31-9.pdf (boilers), lsm02-32.pdf (pumps/tanks/piping) - OCR'd 2026-10-01
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official class manual documents the machinery fit that includes this hull: 'Two makes of Diesel engines are used on [LSM] Class vessels: (a) The Fairbanks Morse, Model 38D8-1/8 ... (b) The General Motors, Model 16-27x.' The Fairbanks Morse engine 'is used on the following Vessels: Nos. 1-125, Nos. 126-141, Nos. 201-2[..], Nos. 253-269, Nos. 510-531' (scanned chapter 30, OCR'd; the third range is truncated at the page edge) - hull 11 sits inside the first listed group, Nos. 1-125. Engines described as vertical, ten-cylinder, opposed-piston, two-cycle, fresh-water cooled, hydraulic coupling, direct drive, no reduction gear. Chapter 31-9 documents an auxiliary oil-fired water-tube steam boiler aboard the class supplying steam at 55 psi (working) - a steam appliance present independent of propulsion.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944 (manual issue); class build era
- Population
- Crew - engineers operating diesel plant and auxiliary boiler; shipyard trades
- Limitations
- Class document, not a hull record: issued to LSM-294 but its engine-allocation listing explicitly covers hull 11's group. Chapters are partial scans; OCR of chapters 30, 31 (incl. 31-9 boilers), and 32 found NO asbestos, insulation-material, or lagging schedule - the manual documents machinery, not insulation materials. Digitized excerpts only; full manual text not exhaustively reviewed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-11-04
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[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's 1944 construction and 1944-46 service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch, re-confirmed 2026-10-01) - content via product-page description, same handling as prior batches.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-11-05
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[7]Era inference built on: NavSource LSM-11 specification block (Fairbanks Morse diesel plant); BuShips LSM class manual (FM engines on hulls 1-125; auxiliary oil-fired water-tube boiler aboard); GAO HRD-80-2 era documentation (ev-05); 1944 wartime-construction context (asbestos supply reserved for shipbuilding) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; LSM class manual chapters 30/31-9 (OCR); GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-driven amphibious landing ship built March-May 1944 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-insulation era. Era-standard applications for a vessel of this type and period were: insulation and lagging on the documented auxiliary steam boiler and its steam lines; machinery and engine-exhaust/muffler lagging; gaskets at piping flanges and machinery joints; valve and shaft packing; and electrical insulation in cable runs and switchgear - all within the confined hull volume of a 203-foot amphibious ship. Because propulsion is diesel (not steam), the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam combatants does not apply to main propulsion machinery.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1944); wartime crew incl. engineers/gun crews (1944-46); Charleston decommissioning workers (1946); Georgia Marine Salvage conversion trades (1947-48) - barge conversion cutting/stripping is a disturbance event for any retained era materials
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LSM-11; the class manual chapters OCR'd contain no insulation-material schedule. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. No manufacturer attribution for this hull. Does not establish exposure of any individual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-11-06
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[8]Batch-5908 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page + class index + LSM class manual; NHHC/DANFS (no entry exists); NARA navy-online deck-log listing (LSM-11 absent); Portal to Texas History OAI-PMH; shipbuildinghistory.com; uboat.net; NVR (no page); CourtListener opinion index (0 hits); CourtListener RECAP docket index (9 hits, all name collisions); Fold3 WWII war diaries (subscription, not searched); secondary web litigation/marketing sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-11-01 through sl-uss-lsm-11-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS LSM-11 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). Corroborating absences: no DANFS entry exists for this hull (NHHC URLs 404; hazegray DANFS amphib index lists only LSM-175/-373/-398/-446/-540 and the LSM(R) series); LSM-11 deck logs are not in NARA's digitized navy-online deck-log listing; no NVR page exists (hull disposed 1947, predating register coverage); CourtListener opinion search '"LSM-11"' returned 0 hits and the RECAP docket search returned 9 hits, all name collisions (FLSA, criminal, prisoner civil-rights, patent, consumer-credit and habeas dockets - 'LSM-11' matches an Eaton/Bosch industrial part number and OCR noise), so no qualifying asbestos litigation naming the hull was found on 2026-10-01. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying asbestos litigation and no per-hull law-firm marketing page for LSM-11.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard, and a pleading-level hit would in any event be an allegation, not a finding. The RECAP hits are docket-name/content collisions only - none names the vessel or alleges shipboard asbestos. Undigitized leads remain: WWII deck logs (RG 24) and LSM flotilla/group war diaries (RG 38; Fold3 WWII War Diaries series is subscription), Brown Shipbuilding build records, and the merchant documentation file for ON 268925 (barge MM 70). Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-11-07