Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet tm-packet.md (1 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (secondary-source convergence)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- qualifier: VERIFIED (secondary-source convergence)
- Evidence ID
- uss-lsm-134-lsm134-pkt-tm-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-134 - milestones, campaign credit, specifications, commanding-officer roster, photography; history extract credited to LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces, Vol. II (Turner Publishing, 1997, ISBN 1-56311-389-9) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/14/14134.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, CO roster, photo captions; verified live 2026-10-01
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LSM-1-class Landing Ship Medium laid down 14 March 1944 at Charleston Navy Yard, Charleston, S.C.; launched 23 April 1944; commissioned USS LSM-134 on 31 May 1944 at Little Creek, VA, LT. Robert B. Stenharter, USNR, in command. Assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater: LSM Flotilla Three (CDR. W. F. Morrison, USN), LSM Group Eight (LCDR. J. G. Blanche, USN), LSM Division Fifteen. Credited campaigns: Leyte operation - Leyte landings, 13 October to 29 November 1944; Okinawa Gunto operation - assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto and Ie Shima, 26 March to 17 June 1945. Occupation service in the Far East 11 September to 1 November 1945. Decommissioned 19 April 1946 at Beaumont, TX; struck from the Naval Register 31 July 1946; earned two battle stars for WWII service. Sold 18 September 1947 to Alexander Shipyard Inc., New Orleans, LA; resold and converted to a barge named Abco Tampa; final disposition unknown. Spec block: 520 t. light / 743 t. landing / 1,095 t. full; 203'6" x 34'6"; two Fairbanks Morse model 38D8-1/8X10 reversible direct-drive diesels, 1,440 bhp each at 720 rpm, twin propellers 2,800 shp; ship's service generators 2x100kW 450V AC and 2x20kW 120V DC, diesel-driven; complement 5 officers + 54 enlisted; troop accommodations 2 officers + 46 enlisted; armament one twin 40mm bow mount, six single 20mm. CO roster: LT. Stenharter (31 May-29 Jun 1944); LT. Frank J. McAdams Jr., USNR (29 Jun-21 Oct 1944); ENS. Donald S. Brody, USNR (21 Oct 1944-4 Oct 1945); ENS. David C. MacLean (4 Oct-28 Nov 1945); LTjg. George S. Hebb Jr. (28 Nov 1945-19 Apr 1946). Photographs: crew photo at Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek circa May-June 1944; en route to the invasion of the Philippines October 1944; on the invasion beaches at Okinawa circa early-August 1945; at Cebu, P.I., 30 August 1945. Awards: American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (2); WWII Victory Medal; Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp); Philippine Presidential Unit Citation; Philippine Liberation Medal (1).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades (1944); crew (1944-46); embarked troops (5 officers/54 enlisted crew + up to 2/46 troops)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestones generally track the Naval Register but the underlying Turner Publishing extract is not itself a primary source here. The laid-down line carries an unexplained trailing date '14 May 1944' (a label-less artifact; uboat.net records no such date) - noted in gaps. Photo credits are captioned, not independently verified at NHHC. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-01
-
[3]Shipbuilding History (njscuba.net mirror of shipbuildinghistory.com), Landing Ships Medium (LSM) production table [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.njscuba.net/us-navy-small/lsm/ table, LSM-134 row; verified live 2026-10-01
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Shipbuilding History's LSM production table lists LSM-134 as built at Charleston NSY, Charleston SC, commissioned 31 May 1944, sold to Alexander SY 1947 and converted to barge ABCO Tampa - corroborating builder, commission date, and post-Navy disposition independently of NavSource.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades (1944)
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary reference, not a primary registry; consistent with NavSource on all shared data points. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-02
-
[4]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LSM 134 (LSM 134) entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/12745.html specification table; verified live 2026-10-01
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Independent secondary tabulation for this hull: ordered 15 September 1943; built by Charleston Navy Yard; laid down 14 March 1944; launched 23 April 1944; commissioned 31 May 1944; end of service 19 April 1946 (decommissioned); stricken 31 July 1946; sold 18 September 1947. All shared milestones consistent with NavSource.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation; the 'ordered 15 September 1943' contract date appears only here among consulted sources and is carried as secondary sourcing. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-03
-
[5]NARA Atlanta finding aid, RG 181 Naval Districts and Shore Establishments - Ship Commissioning Files, 1942-1945, Sixth Naval District at Charleston, South Carolina (National Archives Identifier 2694599) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA Atlanta finding aid NAID 2694599, box 5, 'Landing Ship, Medium | LSM-134 | 4/4/1944'; catalog.archives.gov/id/2694599; verified live 2026-10-01
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Sixth Naval District ship-commissioning files at NARA Atlanta contain a dedicated file for LSM-134 in box 5, dated 4/4/1944 - surviving primary documentation associated with this hull's construction/commissioning period at Charleston Navy Yard.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Pre-commissioning/plankowner crew; Charleston Navy Yard construction personnel
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the finding aid lists the file; its contents are not digitized and were not reviewed - what it documents (commissioning papers, prospective-crew orders, material checklists) is unknown. The file's 4 April 1944 date falls between this hull's laying down (14 Mar) and launch (23 Apr), i.e., it is a construction-era file, and the ship commissioned at Little Creek, VA, not Charleston - the file's exact subject is unconfirmed until retrieved. Deck logs for this hull (RG 24) are likewise not in the digitized catalog. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-04
-
[6]NHHC, 'The Navy's Happy Medium' - official Naval History and Heritage Command exhibit page on the LSM (Landing Ship, Medium) type [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHHC 'The Navy's Happy Medium' exhibit page, Reginald Marsh 1944 watercolor description; verified live 2026-10-01
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC documents the design genesis of this hull's class: 'Needing a landing ship somewhere between the size and displacement of an LCI (Landing Craft, Infantry) and an LST (Landing Ship, Tank), the Navy turned the problem over to its architects and designers who came up with the compact and maneuverable LSM (Landing Ship, Medium).' Class-design context for LSM-134.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944
- Limitations
- Class-design context only - describes the LSM type generally, not this hull. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-05
-
[7]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (diesel propulsion, LSM-1 class, 1944 build); Atlas shipyards.json asbestos product list for charleston-naval-shipyard; GAO HRD-80-2 program framing (see ev-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; shipyards.json charleston-naval-shipyard asbestos_products_documented list; GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered landing ship built March-May 1944 at Charleston Navy Yard sits inside both the Navy's documented asbestos-use era and that yard's documented asbestos-era product environment. Era-standard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were machinery and diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, accommodation-area insulation, and brake linings on winches and deck machinery. As a diesel-driven amphibious ship she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades (1944); crew (1944-46); decommissioning trades at Beaumont, TX (1946); barge-conversion yard workers at Alexander Shipyard, New Orleans (post-1947)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, work package, or survey was located for LSM-134. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-06
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[8]OSHA establishment inspection file 100361849 - U.S. Dept of the Navy, Commander, Charleston Naval Shipyard, Code 106 (opened 6 January 1988; case closed 16 September 1988) [other_primary]
- Locator
- osha.gov establishment inspection 100361849 - Inspection Detail, Violations table (citations 01001, 01002); page verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-01 (curl returns HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- Government documentation of asbestos regulation at this hull's builder: OSHA's complaint-type health inspection (SIC 3731, ship building and repairing) produced two citations under the general-industry asbestos standard, 29 CFR 1910.1001 - item 01001 (paragraph D07, issued 10 March 1988, abatement due 25 April 1988) and item 01002 (paragraph J02, deleted on amendment) - documenting that Charleston Naval Shipyard was a workplace where the federal asbestos standard applied and was cited.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1988
- Population
- Charleston Naval Shipyard trades (1988 inspection era)
- Limitations
- Yard-level record, not a hull record: documents the shipyard's 1988 regulated-asbestos status decades after LSM-134 was built (1944) there - it establishes asbestos activity at the yard generally, not materials aboard this hull, not the 1940s-era condition, and not individual exposure. No sampling result is published on the inspection page; one of two citations was later deleted.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-07
-
[9]Gavin Jackson, 'Charleston asbestos-related deaths are higher than state, national average,' Post and Courier, 25 March 2016 [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Post and Courier article, 25 Mar 2016; verified live 2026-10-01
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Press documentation of asbestos consequence at this hull's builder: the Charleston Naval Shipyard is identified as a primary reason Charleston County's annual asbestos-related mortality rate (8.8 deaths per 100,000) is double the state rate and above national numbers; the article states that over more than 95 years workers installed and removed asbestos insulation on vessels without proper precautions through the 1980s - a span that covers this hull's 1944 construction at the yard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-2016 (yard history; 2016 reporting)
- Population
- Charleston Naval Shipyard workforce (historical); Charleston County (mortality rate)
- Limitations
- Yard-level press report, not a hull record and not a peer-reviewed study: documents the shipyard's asbestos legacy generally - LSM-134 is not named, the 8.8/100,000 figure is county-wide mortality, and the mortality estimate cited derives from an advocacy-group analysis (EWG Action Fund). Does not establish materials aboard this hull or any individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO's review of the Navy's asbestos program (fieldwork at the Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards) documents that the Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed to accomplish necessary repairs, modified in 1979 to add selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - i.e., asbestos insulation remained in place aboard the fleet through this hull's construction (1944) and service era (1944-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. GAO fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk - not Charleston. Full report PDF not extracted (gao.gov blocks direct automated fetch, HTTP 403 to curl, confirmed 2026-10-01; product-page Highlights retrieved via firecrawl).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-09
-
[11]Batch-5935 search ledger (this record): NavSource; Shipbuilding History (njscuba mirror); uboat.net; NARA Atlanta finding aid NAID 2694599; NARA digitized deck-log list; OSHA establishment file; Post and Courier; GAO product page; NHHC class page; CourtListener authenticated API v4 (opinion + RECAP docket); NVR; MARAD PMARS; NHHC DANFS; hazegray mirror; Wikipedia; USNI photo archive; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-134-01 through sl-uss-lsm-134-16
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no hull survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or qualifying litigation naming USS LSM-134 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener was searched this session by name and hull number via the authenticated helper: '"LSM-134"' opinions 0 hits; '"USS LSM-134"' opinions 0 hits; '"LSM 134"' opinions 0 hits; '"USS LSM-134"' dockets 0 hits; '"LSM-134"' dockets 1 hit - United States v. Bland, E.D. Cal. 2:06-cr-00134, a criminal docket where 'LSM-134' surfaces only as an OCR fragment ('LSM;0') inside a custody-release order; verified name collision, no vessel, Navy, landing-ship, or asbestos content. No qualifying asbestos litigation located.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-consistent construction at a documented asbestos-era Navy yard makes asbestos plausible but unproven for this hull. The NARA commissioning file (box 5), WWII deck logs (RG 24), and any Alexander Shipyard conversion records are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-134-10