Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
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[1]research packet uk-packet.md (3 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lsm-30-lsm30-pkt-uk-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-30 (history extract sourced to LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces, Vol. II, Turner Publishing Co., 1997, ISBN 1-56311-389-9) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Page header block (construction/commissioning dates, call sign) and Specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS LSM-30, an LSM-1 class Landing Ship Medium, was laid down 7 May 1944 at Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, TX; launched 28 May 1944; and commissioned 3 July 1944 with LT. George J. Richter, USNR, in command. International radio call sign November-Victor-Charlie-Golf (NVCG). Specifications: displacement 520 t light / 743 t landing / 1,095 t fully loaded; length 203'6" (oa); beam 34'6"; draft 3'6" fwd / 7'8" aft light, 6'4" fwd / 8'3" aft fully loaded; speed 13.2 kts max; armament one twin bow-mounted 40mm gun and four single 20mm gun mounts; 10-lb STS splinter shield on gun mounts, pilot house, and conning station; vehicle/boat capacity 5 medium or 3 heavy tanks, or 6 LVTs, or 9 DUKWs; endurance 4,900 miles at 12 kts; fuel 1,225 bbls diesel.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding Co. construction trades (Houston, 1944); ship's company (1944-1946)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific construction and specification data only; no asbestos or insulation-material content. NavSource is a volunteer compilation citing a commercial unit-history book as its source, not a government primary record - treated as the best available ship-specific source given that no individual NHHC/DANFS entry exists for this hull (see ev-05) and NVR is currently inaccessible (see ev-06). Page verified live 2026-10-01.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-30 - Awards/Citations/Campaign Ribbons block and Asiatic-Pacific Campaigns table [other_primary]
- Locator
- Awards block; campaign table (Luzon/Lingayen Gulf, Okinawa Gunto)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- During World War II, USS LSM-30 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater. At Okinawa she was part of LSM Flotilla Three (CDR. W. F. Morrison, USN), LSM Group Nine (LCDR. J. A. Moss, USN), LSM Division Seventeen. She participated in the Luzon operation (Lingayen Gulf landings, 8 January 1945) and the Okinawa Gunto operation (assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto, 1 April to 17 June 1945), earning two battle stars for World War II service. Awards and campaign ribbons: American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (2 stars); World War II Victory Medal; Philippines Presidential Unit Citation; Philippines Liberation Medal (1 star).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Ship's company, Asiatic-Pacific Theater (1945)
- Limitations
- Establishes WWII combat/campaign service and decorations only. No asbestos content. Does not identify the hull numbers of other LSMs in Flotilla Three / Group Nine / Division Seventeen, so no sister-ship cross-reference is carried in related_vessels (gap).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-02
-
[4]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-30 - Commanding Officers list and disposal/transfer narrative [other_primary]
- Locator
- Commanding Officers block; disposal narrative following campaign table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS LSM-30 was decommissioned 27 July 1946. Her final wartime/postwar commanding officers per NavSource: LT. George J. Richter, USNR (3 Jul 1944-Dec 1945); LTjg. Willard Woodrow Thornson, USN (Dec 1945-Mar 1946); LTjg. Horace F. Dantro Jr., USNR (Mar 1946-May 1946); LTjg. William A. Rand, USNR (May 1946-Jul 1946); LTjg. William H. Kite Jr., USNR (Jul 1946-27 Jul 1946). She was transferred 3 April 1956, on loan under terms of the Security Assistance Program, to South Korea, and named and redesignated ROKS Ku Moon (LSM-606). She was sold outright to South Korea 15 November 1974 and struck from the Naval Register the same date. Final disposition: fate unknown.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1946-1974
- Limitations
- Establishes decommissioning, transfer, sale, and strike dates and the honest 'fate unknown' disposition. No asbestos content. No independent confirmation of the 1946-1956 interval (in reserve vs. other status) was located - carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-03
-
[5]NHHC Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS) - no entry located for LSM-30 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Guessed URL https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/l/lsm-30.html confirmed HTTP 404; control URLs for missouri-iv, hornet-viii, oceanside also returned 404 same session
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No individual NHHC/DANFS ship-history page exists for LSM-30. The guessed canonical DANFS URL pattern (history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/l/lsm-30.html) returned HTTP 404. By comparison, LSM hulls that were later renamed - e.g. Oceanside, Hunting, Lakeland, Raritan III - do have individual DANFS narrative entries; unnamed hull-number-only LSMs such as this one generally do not receive one. Separately, as of 2026-10-01 the NHHC site itself is showing broader access problems from this research session: the bare host (history.navy.mil, no 'www') times out at the TCP level, while the 'www' subdomain resolves to a different server that returns HTTP 404 for every DANFS path tested, including known-entry control URLs (missouri-iv.html, hornet-viii.html, oceanside.html).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Absence of an individual DANFS entry is consistent with normal DANFS coverage practice for non-renamed hull-number LSMs and is not itself evidence of anything asbestos-related. The site-wide access trouble observed today (bare-host timeout; 404s on known-good control URLs) means a canonical DANFS text for this hull cannot be independently re-verified this session beyond the absence finding; Wayback Machine could not be used to check for a historical DANFS snapshot either (see ev-06).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-04
-
[6]Naval Vessel Register (nvr.navy.mil) - login-gated; Internet Archive (web.archive.org) - site-wide outage [other_primary]
- Locator
- nvr.navy.mil redirects to login.nslc.navy.mil OAM wall (HTTP 302) on all paths tested; web.archive.org CDX and root both returned 'Temporarily Offline' banner
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Two standard verification/fallback resources could not be used this session. (1) Naval Vessel Register (nvr.navy.mil): every path tested (root, /nvr, a guessed ship-detail path) returned HTTP 302 redirects to a DoD OAM single-sign-on login wall (login.nslc.navy.mil) - no public anonymous access as of 2026-10-01. Separately, NVR's online system is documented (per this batch program's prior research) to exclude vessels disposed before 1987, which would exclude this hull (struck 1974) regardless of the login wall. (2) Internet Archive / Wayback Machine (web.archive.org): both the CDX API and the site root returned an 'Internet Archive: Temporarily Offline' service banner - a site-wide outage, not a sandbox-specific block, confirmed by the same banner appearing on an unrelated root-URL request.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Both are disclosed access gaps, not negative findings: neither source was reachable to confirm or rule out any record for this hull. Re-check NVR once public access is restored (note the pre-1987 disposal-exclusion caveat) and re-check Wayback once the outage clears, including for any historical DANFS snapshot of an LSM-30 page.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-05
-
[7]Era inference built on NavSource specifications block (diesel propulsion, no boiler plant) for this hull; no shipyard-specific or hull-specific asbestos material record located [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource Specifications block (Propulsion line)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class/era inference only: this hull was a diesel-propelled LSM-1 class landing ship built in 1944 at a wartime U.S. shipyard (Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston). She carried no boiler or steam-turbine plant (two Fairbanks Morse direct-drive diesel engines per NavSource specifications), so the boiler/turbine-lagging asbestos pathway documented for steam vessels of the same era does not apply to her. Era-standard applications for a diesel-powered amphibious vessel of this type and period are diesel-exhaust lagging, machinery insulation, gaskets, valve packing, pipe insulation, and electrical cable insulation.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding Co. construction trades (Houston, 1944); ship's company (1944-1974 across both flags)
- Limitations
- Class/design-level inference, not a hull record - the specifications block does not itself mention asbestos. Does not establish quantity, installed materials, present-day presence, individual exposure, or causation. Brown Shipbuilding Co. is not a yard_id in the shipyards.json dataset (gap).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-06
-
[8]Beckett, William S., 'Shipyard workers and asbestos: a persistent and international problem' (editorial), Occupational and Environmental Medicine 64(10):633-634 (2007), citing Corn, J.K. and Starr, J., 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- PMC2078396 full text, paragraphs discussing WWII-era shipyard insulation and the Mare Island shipyard-worker mortality follow-up
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed editorial documents that U.S. shipyards during and after World War II added 'vast tonnes' of asbestos material to insulate the hulls, boilers, and pipes of military vessels, and that shipyard cohorts from this era (Mare Island Naval Shipyard worker follow-up cited in the editorial) later showed excess deaths from diffuse malignant mesothelioma and respiratory cancer attributed to asbestos fibers at the shipyard, with asbestos disease found not only in insulation workers but also office workers and guards at the yard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; editorial published 2007
- Population
- WWII-era U.S. shipyard workers generally (class context); Mare Island Naval Shipyard cohort specifically
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of WWII-era U.S. shipyard asbestos practice generally; does not name this vessel, Brown Shipbuilding Co., or any LSM, and its 'hulls, boilers and pipes' language describes steam-vessel insulation practice broadly - this hull had no boiler. Does not establish asbestos was or remains aboard this specific hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. The underlying Corn & Starr (1987) AJIM article itself is paywalled (DOI resolves to HTTP 403 for automated fetch) and was not independently re-verified full-text this session; this row relies on Beckett's editorial quotation and summary of it.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page (full text blocked, HTTP 403 confirmed 2026-10-01); content via product-page description only
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - a window spanning this hull's 1944 construction and 1944-1974 combined U.S./Korean service life.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports general Navy-wide era context only, not any fact specific to this hull, Brown Shipbuilding, or the LSM-1 class. Full text not retrieved - gao.gov blocks automated fetch (HTTP 403).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-08
-
[10]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 19 (Bureau of Ships), RG 38 (CNO war diaries/action reports), RG 24 (deck logs) [other_primary]
- Locator
- RG 19 guide page; RG 38 and RG 24 identified by record-group description, not item-level
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - no spend authorized): National Archives Record Group 19 (Records of the Bureau of Ships, 1794-1972) may hold LSM-1 class design and construction records and Brown Shipbuilding Co. contract/outfitting files; Record Group 38 (Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations) holds war diaries and action reports that would cover LSM-30's Lingayen Gulf and Okinawa service in operational detail; deck logs for this hull (Record Group 24) would be filed by hull/period at NARA College Park. A National Archives online-catalog search for 'LSM-30' could not be completed this session - catalog.archives.gov is JavaScript-rendered and returned no parseable content to this session's automated fetch tool.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1974 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box- or item-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific or hull-specific documents for LSM-30 is unknown until surveyed in person or via a working catalog search. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-09
-
[11]CourtListener API v4 search results (authenticated), queries 'USS LSM-30' (opinion) and '"LSM-30"' (docket) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-08 and sl-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-09
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener was searched by exact ship name and by hull number, both via the authenticated API v4 helper. Query 'USS LSM-30' (type=opinion, 2026-10-01): 4 results, all name collisions unrelated to this vessel or to asbestos (Amerace Esna Corp. v. United States, Ct. Cl. 1972, a patent case; Cardona, Gabriel, Tex. App. 2015, a criminal writ; Tyrone Berry v. State, Tex. App. 2015, a criminal appeal; Penn Virginia Oil & Gas GP, LLC v. De La Garza, Tex. App. 2015, a civil appeal). Query '"LSM-30"' (type=docket, 2026-10-01): 6 results, all name/number collisions unrelated to this vessel (United States v. Bilbo; Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc.; Tribune Media Company; Environment Texas Citizen Lobby, Inc. v. ExxonMobil Corporation; DISH Network L.L.C. v. Vigneswaran; Northwest Territorial Mint LLC). No qualifying asbestos litigation naming USS LSM-30 was located.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Absence of a located docket or opinion does not prove absence of litigation - CourtListener's coverage of state-court and pre-digital federal filings is incomplete. A third query for the Korean-identity variant ('Ku Moon' / LSM-606) was attempted but blocked by a fleet-wide pacing throttle (shared ~114/hr budget across concurrent research sessions) and was not completed this session - open gap, not a negative result for that variant. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-10
-
[12]Batch-6107 search ledger (this record): NavSource; NHHC DANFS (no entry); NVR (login-gated); Wayback (outage); GAO product page; PMC/Beckett 2007; NARA record-group guides; CourtListener name and hull-number searches [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-01 through sl-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum/registry notation, or docketed case naming USS LSM-30 or ROKS Ku Moon (LSM-606) was found in the public sources searched this session.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944-built diesel landing ship is era-consistent with gaskets, packing, and insulation materials of the period having contained asbestos. Does not establish presence or absence, quantity, or any individual exposure or legal-eligibility claim. Several leads (NARA RG 19/38/24, NVR, Wayback, CourtListener Korean-identity variant) remain open, not closed negative findings - see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-30-lsm30-11