Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, MMC-9 ex USS LSM-392 (1945-1960) - full designation timeline, specifications, commanding officers; history text based on 'LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces,' Vol. II (Turner Publishing, 1997) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/14/14392.htm - history block, specifications block, MMC specifications block, photo captions, commanding officers list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 28 November 1944 at U.S. Navy Yard, Charleston, S.C.; launched 17 December 1944; commissioned USS LSM-392 on 8 February 1945, LT Vernon F. Bell, USNR in command; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater in LSM Flotilla Fourteen (LCDR W. R. McCaleb), LSM Group Forty-One, LSM Division Eighty-One; occupation service in the Far East 17 Sep - 14 Oct 1945 and 26 Oct 1945 - 11 May 1946; decommissioned 2 May 1947 at Green Cove Springs, FL and laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet; authorized for conversion in FY 1953 to a Coastal Mine Layer; converted at Summit Iron Works, Brooklyn, N.Y., work begun 10 August 1953, completed 8 June 1954; transferred to Denmark 8 June 1954; commissioned into the Danish Navy as HDMS Vindhunden (N-51) 22 June 1954; pennant number changed to N-61 by Danish Navy at end of 1955; USN designation changed to MMC-9, 1 October 1960; decommissioned by the Danish Navy 22 June 1964; returned to US Naval custody and struck from the Naval Register in 1965; sold in 1965, fate unknown. Photo captions further document the hull beached at Ie Shima August 1945 (alongside USS LST-957) and transiting the Panama Canal 20 June 1946 (with USS LSM-480, photographed from USS ATA-203). Awards display: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp), Philippines Liberation Medal. Spec block: 520 t. light / 1,095 t. full load; 203'6" ovl x 34'6"; one twin 40mm + four single 20mm; complement 5 officers + 54 enlisted; propulsion 2 x GM 16-278A diesels, 1,440 BHP each, twin screws 2,800 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1965
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades (1944-45); USN crew 1945-47; Summit Iron Works conversion trades (1953-54); Royal Danish Navy crew 1954-64
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation (its stated source here is Turner Publishing's 'LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces' Vol. II, 1997), not a primary registry - but it is the canonical per-hull reference for this type and its dates are corroborated by official-derived transcriptions (awards manual, fleet organization) for the service entries. Contains no asbestos content. 'Fate unknown' after the 1965 sale - no scrapping or hazmat record exists for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-01
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[2]Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual - 1953, Part IV, Section 17 (Navy Occupation Service Medal qualifying periods), HyperWar/ibiblio transcription of the official manual [other_primary]
- Locator
- Awards-IV-17.html, LSM section, row 'LSM 392'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official 1953 awards manual lists LSM 392 as qualifying for the Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp - column 'A') for two periods: 17 Sep - 14 Oct 45 and 26 Oct 45 - 11 May 46. This independently corroborates the NavSource occupation-service dates and documents the hull's post-surrender presence in Asiatic waters.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945-1946
- Population
- USN crew during occupation service (Sep 1945 - May 1946)
- Limitations
- Service-medal eligibility record only - establishes the hull was in the Far East during the stated windows; says nothing about where in the theater, what operations, or any material conditions aboard. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-02
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[3]U.S. Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945, HyperWar/ibiblio transcription - LSM Group Forty-One, LSM Division 81 [other_primary]
- Locator
- PacFleet Org-450501, Amphibious Forces section, LSM Group Forty-One / LSM Division 81 table (p. 73 of source pagination)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official Pacific Fleet organization as of 1 May 1945 lists LSM 392 in LSM Division 81 (with LSMs 391, 393, 394, 395, and 396 as flagship '(FF)') under LSM Group Forty-One, ComLSMGrp 41 Lt. Cdr. R. McKee (USNR). Corroborates the NavSource assignment (Flotilla Fourteen / Group Forty-One / Division Eighty-One) from a contemporaneous organizational document.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- USN crew, Pacific Fleet amphibious forces (1945)
- Limitations
- Assignment record only - establishes operational organization, not locations, operations, or material conditions aboard. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-03
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[4]Jane's Fighting Ships 1962-63 (scan, Internet Archive), Royal Danish Navy section: '2 "Beskytteren" Class - BESKYTTEREN (ex-U.S. LSM 390), VINDHUNDEN (ex-U.S. LSM 392)' - entry data officially furnished by the Royal Danish Navy [other_primary]
- Locator
- Jane's Fighting Ships 1962-63, Denmark - 'Beskytteren' class entry (OCR text lines ~22699-22712 in the archive.org djvu transcription)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Jane's 1962-63 documents the hull in Danish service: VINDHUNDEN (ex-U.S. LSM 392) is one of two 'Beskytteren'-class coastal minelayers - 'Former United States LSM's reconstructed as minelayers in U.S.A.' - with displacement 743 t. light / 1,095 t. full load, diesel machinery on 2 shafts (2,800 BHP = 12 kts.), armament 8 x 40mm (twin) + 6 x 20mm AA, complement 60, pennant N 61. The entry credits Royal Danish Navy official supply. This corroborates the NavSource Danish-service record (N-51 -> N-61 pennant, minelayer conversion, transferred at New York 8 June 1954 - the date Jane's prints for sister Beskytteren).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1954-1964
- Population
- Royal Danish Navy crew 1954-64
- Limitations
- Reference-work documentation of Danish configuration, not a U.S. or asbestos record. The 8 June 1954 transfer date in the Jane's text grammatically attaches to sister Beskytteren (ex-LSM-390); NavSource independently gives the same date for this hull. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-04
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[5]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications block (GM 16-278A diesel plant, no steam); GAO HRD-80-2 (Navy asbestos-use era); Atlas shipyards.json documented asbestos product list for charleston-naval-shipyard (yard-level); landing-ship class-era application pattern consistent with the Atlas LST-1-class profile [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 14392.htm specifications; GAO HRD-80-2 product page; shipyards.json yard_id charleston-naval-shipyard
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered landing ship built at a U.S. Navy Yard in late 1944 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were diesel-exhaust lagging, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, accommodation and bulkhead insulation, gaskets and valve packing, deck coverings/tile, and winch/crane brake linings. As a diesel ship she carried no boilers or steam system - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1965
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades (1944-45); USN crew 1945-47; Summit Iron Works conversion trades 1953-54; Royal Danish Navy crew 1954-64
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for LSM-392. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-05
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[6]OSHA Inspection 100361849, U.S. Dept of the Navy - Commander, Charleston Naval Shipyard, Code 106, Charleston, SC (complaint health inspection, opened 01/06/1988, case closed 09/16/1988) [other_primary]
- Locator
- OSHA IMIS inspection detail, Inspection Nr 100361849 - Violation Summary table
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- OSHA's establishment record documents a complaint-triggered health inspection at this hull's builder yard - Commander, Charleston Naval Shipyard (SIC 3731 shipbuilding) - opened 6 January 1988, resulting in two citations issued 10 March 1988 under the asbestos standard, 29 CFR 1910.1001 (citation 01001 item D07 I; citation 01002 item J02 I, later deleted by amendment). Documents that asbestos regulation and enforcement activity occurred at the building yard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1988
- Population
- Charleston Naval Shipyard workers (1988 inspection era)
- Limitations
- Yard-level context only - the inspection occurred in 1988, more than four decades after this hull's 1944-45 construction, and concerns yard operations generally; it establishes nothing about materials aboard LSM-392. Note the Atlas yard dataset prints the second citation as the operative one and a May 1990 close - the live OSHA detail page shows citation 01002 'deleted' and case closed 09/16/1988; live-page values carried.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-06
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[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (published Oct 18, 1979; publicly released Oct 22, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure: the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships; the 1975 policy removed and replaced asbestos insulation only when damaged or when required for repairs; modified in 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas. This documents that the era in which this hull was built and served was the Navy's asbestos-use era - original-era insulation typically remained in place unless a yard period disturbed it.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. GAO fieldwork was at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards - not Charleston. Full report PDF not retrieved (gao.gov assets returned HTTP 403 to direct fetch this session); content via product-page Highlights text, which was retrievable.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-07
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[8]Batch-6209 search ledger (this record): NavSource 14392.htm; HyperWar awards manual and Pacific Fleet organization transcriptions; Jane's Fighting Ships 1962-63 (archive.org); OSHA IMIS inspection detail; GAO HRD-80-2 product page; NHHC DANFS/photo pages (404); NVR (no entry); NARA deck-log series search (no file unit); CourtListener opinion search (0 hits); secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum/monitor record, or docketed case naming USS LSM-392 / MMC-9 / HDMS Vindhunden was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener returned 0 hits on the opinion index for 'LSM-392' and 'LSM 392' and 0 hits on the RECAP docket index for 'LSM-392'. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying material - only a non-citable social-media anecdote (a Facebook post quoting a veteran's private notes on 'leaded paint, asbestos, cadmium coatings' aboard) and marketing listicles - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the era inference (1944 Navy-yard construction) is reasonable and consistent, but not ship-proven. CourtListener coverage is partial: docket-index and name-variant sweeps ('LSM 392' type=r, 'Vindhunden', 'MMC-9') could not be completed this session (fleet pacing pause) - logged as pending/blocked in search_ledger, not as negative results. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-392-lsm392-08