Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]NavSource Online, Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-395 hull page [other_primary]
- Locator
- Hull page chronology (decommissioning, reserve-fleet, strike, and final-disposition lines)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS LSM-395 was decommissioned 20 June 1946 at Green Cove Springs, Florida, and laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Green Cove Springs; the hull page reports the Naval Register strike date as unknown; and she was sold for scrapping on 19 January 1961 to Walker Diesel Equipment Co., Memphis, Tennessee.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1946-1961
- Limitations
- Establishes decommissioning, reserve-fleet lay-up, and reported sale for scrapping; the strike date is not supplied and no shipbreaking, hazmat, or asbestos record is provided. A secondary source (uboat.net) lists a 14 January 1958 strike date, which is unverified by an authoritative source and not asserted here.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-05
-
[2]Naval History and Heritage Command, United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945 (live HyperWar/ibiblio transcription mirror; canonical NHHC URL returned HTTP 404 at research time) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- LSM Flotilla FOURTEEN / LSM Group FORTY-ONE / LSM Division 81 table, LSM 395 entry
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official 1 May 1945 United States Pacific Fleet organization document lists LSM 395 in LSM Division 81 under LSM Group Forty-One (ComLSMGrp 41, Lt. Cdr. R. McKee, USNR) under LSM Flotilla Fourteen, corroborating the vessel's wartime organizational assignment.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Population
- Ship's company and Pacific Fleet personnel
- Limitations
- Official organization record corroborating assignment in May 1945; it does not provide the full service history or any asbestos, insulation, exposure, or causation finding. Verified via the live HyperWar transcription of the NHHC document because the canonical NHHC page returned HTTP 404.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-03
-
[3]NavSource Online, USS LSM-395 specifications [other_primary]
- Locator
- Hull page Specifications and Propulsion blocks
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The hull page lists 5 officers and 54 enlisted, troop accommodations for 2 officers and 46 enlisted, and two General Motors model GM 16-278A reversible diesel engines with hydraulic clutches, direct drive, 1,440 BHP each at 720 rpm, twin propellers, and 2,800 shp; it also lists two diesel-drive 100-kW 450-V AC generators and one diesel-drive 20-kW 120-V DC generator.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945-1946
- Population
- Ship's company and embarked troop capacity
- Limitations
- Supports complement and diesel propulsion only. It does not identify asbestos-containing components or establish that any machinery insulation, gasket, packing, electrical insulation, or deck covering aboard contained asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-04
-
[4]National Archives at Atlanta, RG 181 Ship Commissioning Files - Sixth Naval District at Charleston, South Carolina (NAID 2694599) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Finding-aid box list, Box 9, LSM-395 row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The National Archives at Atlanta finding aid for RG 181 Ship Commissioning Files, Sixth Naval District, Charleston, South Carolina (National Archives Identifier 2694599) lists a file for Landing Ship, Medium LSM-395 in Box 9, dated 1/2/1945; the series consists of correspondence, invitations, and instructions relating to the commissioning of naval vessels at the Charleston Navy Yard, 1942-1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945
- Limitations
- Confirms a hull-specific archival file exists but says nothing about its contents; commissioning files concern ceremony logistics and the finding aid does not indicate whether the file bears on construction materials, insulation, or asbestos. The listed date (1945-01-02) matches the launch date, not the 24 March 1945 commissioning; the file itself was not retrieved.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-06
-
[5]Inference from the ship-specific NavSource diesel specification and the documented source-review negative [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource propulsion/specification block; source-review negative documented in search ledger
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- No ship-specific asbestos survey, product inventory, abatement record, or condition report was located. Because LSM-395 was a World War II U.S. Navy diesel landing ship, machinery or diesel-exhaust insulation, gaskets, packing, electrical insulation, and deck covering are possible class/era application categories, but none is documented aboard this hull.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- World War II Navy diesel landing-ship construction and operating personnel
- Limitations
- Possible categories only, not a finding that asbestos was installed aboard LSM-395. The cited hull page does not identify asbestos or insulation composition; no quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation is established.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-07
-
[6]U.S. Government Accountability Office, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (published 18 October 1979; publicly released 22 October 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page, Highlights section (page content verified via Firecrawl scrape after direct fetch returned HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed Navy efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure at the Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, including the use of asbestos in Navy ships, the cost of removing asbestos from Navy ships, and compensation programs. Its product-page Highlights state that the 1975 policy called for removing and replacing with nonasbestos material only insulation that was damaged or removed for necessary repairs; the policy was modified in 1979 for selective replacement in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1975-1979
- Population
- Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyard workers; Navy asbestos-control program
- Limitations
- Navy/shipyard program context only. The report summary does not name USS LSM-395 and does not establish a component, quantity, removal event, asbestos presence, individual exposure, or causation for this hull; the fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk, not Charleston.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-08
-
[7]National Archives, Researching Asbestos aboard US Naval Vessel up through 1961 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Beginning Research; General Information Books; Inspection Reports; Cartographic Branch sections
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's naval-vessel asbestos research guide identifies RG 19 Bureau of Ships correspondence, amphibious-vessel General Information Books (RG 19 Entry P 10, 1940-1962), amphibious-vessel material inspection reports (RG 38 Entry P 1-G, 1940-1978), and RG 19 ship engineering drawings as research paths; it notes that S39 Insulation and Lagging and sometimes S48 Piping drawings can be responsive but are relatively rare among paper ship engineering drawings.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1940-1978 record-series coverage
- Limitations
- Research-path guidance only; no LSM-395-specific box, drawing, General Information Book, or inspection report was retrieved or reviewed. This row makes no asbestos finding for the hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-09
-
[8]CourtListener API v4 via /Users/charlesfletcher/devin-prompts/cl-auth-search.py [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger sl-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-06; six authenticated queries, all count 0
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The authenticated CourtListener sweep found no qualifying record for USS LSM-395: exact-name "USS LSM-395" and exact hull-number "LSM-395" and "LSM 395" searches in the opinion and RECAP docket indexes all returned zero results - no asbestos litigation, other litigation, or name collisions.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- This is a search result, not proof that no unindexed or non-text-linked case exists; CourtListener indexes do not cover every state trial court or pleading that never produced an opinion or RECAP docket entry.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-10
-
[9]Source-review negative across the sources listed in the search ledger [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-01 through -10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No ship-specific asbestos documentation was located in the public sources reviewed: the live NavSource hull page, the official 1 May 1945 NHHC Pacific Fleet organization record (via the HyperWar transcription), the NARA Charleston commissioning-file finding aid, the NARA asbestos research guide, the GAO HRD-80-2 product page, and the authenticated CourtListener sweep contain no asbestos survey, insulation-material statement, abatement record, hazmat disclosure, or qualifying asbestos litigation record for LSM-395.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- A negative public-source finding is not proof that asbestos was absent. Non-digitized Navy, shipyard, reserve-fleet, and scrapping records may contain additional evidence; asbestos documentation therefore remains class_or_era.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-11
-
[10]NavSource Online, Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-395 hull page [other_primary]
- Locator
- Hull page chronology (laid down / launched / commissioned lines)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LSM-395 was laid down 13 December 1944 at U.S. Navy Yard, Charleston, South Carolina; launched 2 January 1945; and commissioned as USS LSM-395 on 24 March 1945 with Lt. Joseph A. Kleinbauer, USNR, in command.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction workforce and commissioning crew
- Limitations
- Establishes construction and commissioning identity; the page does not document asbestos, insulation composition, hazmat condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-01
-
[11]NavSource Online, Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-395 hull page [other_primary]
- Locator
- Hull page chronology (theater assignment and occupation-service lines)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- During World War II, LSM-395 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater with LSM Flotilla Fourteen (LCDR W. R. McCaleb), LSM Group Forty-One, and LSM Division Eighty-One; after the war she was assigned to occupation service in the Far East from 17 September to 2 October 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Ship's company and embarked forces
- Limitations
- Establishes the listed theater assignment and occupation-service window; it is not a complete voyage narrative and does not establish asbestos content or exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-395-lsm395-02