Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]research packet 573-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lsm-413-lsm413-pkt-573-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Naval History, USS LSM-413 page; history extract credited to 'LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces,' Vol. II (Paducah, KY: Turner Publishing Company, 1997), ISBN 1-56311-389-9 [reputable_press]
- Locator
- LSM-413 page: construction/service paragraph, awards list, specifications block, photo captions (New Orleans 1945; Green Cove Springs nest), commanding-officer table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LSM-1-class Landing Ship Medium: laid down 12 February 1945 at U.S. Navy Yard, Charleston, S.C.; launched 3 March 1945; commissioned USS LSM-413 on 28 August 1945, LT John H. Hayes, USNR, in command; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater under LSM Flotilla Fifteen, LSM Group Forty-Three, LSM Division Eighty-Five; decommissioned 24 May 1946 at Green Cove Springs, FL and laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Florida Group; struck from the Naval Register on a date the source lists as unknown; sold December 1958 to Alfredo Lizano, Jamaica, N.Y., fate unknown. Awards: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal. Photographs document her beached at New Orleans in 1945 and nested with 18 other LSMs in reserve at Green Cove Springs.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1958
- Limitations
- Published-history extract hosted on a volunteer-maintained reference site (NavSource) quoting Turner Publishing; consistent with NHHC's Pacific Fleet organization document and uboat.net on the major dates. It is not a government record and supports no asbestos claim; the strike date is given as unknown here while another secondary source reports 14 January 1958.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-01
-
[3]Naval History and Heritage Command / Navy Department Library, 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' (Online Reading Room transcription) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Amphibious forces section: LSM FLOTILLA FIFTEEN > LSM GROUP FORTY-THREE > LSM DIVISION 85, row 'LSM 413'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official Navy Department Library document 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' lists 'LSM 413' (no commanding officer shown) under LSM Flotilla Fifteen, LSM Group Forty-Three, LSM Division Eighty-Five - an administrative Pacific Fleet assignment recorded while the ship was still fitting out at Charleston (commissioned 28 August 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Limitations
- Official organizational listing naming this hull; confirms administrative assignment to the Pacific Fleet amphibious establishment, not operations. Supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-02
-
[4]Navy Medicine, Vol. 85, No. 6, November-December 1994 (Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy), photo caption; digitized copy on Wikimedia Commons [other_primary]
- Locator
- Photo caption in the issue's historical retrospective (PDF, 36 pp., caption quoting LT Dema V. Leopold)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Navy periodical Navy Medicine (Bureau of Medicine and Surgery) published a retrospective photograph captioned: 'Down the ways: LT Dema V. Leopold, chief nurse at Naval Hospital Charleston, SC, launches a new landing ship, LSM-413 as she smashes a bottle of champagne against the bow.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945 (published 1994)
- Limitations
- Official U.S. Navy publication naming this hull and its launch sponsor at Charleston; documents the launch event and sponsor identity only - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-03
-
[5]National Archives at Atlanta, finding aid: RG 181 Naval Districts and Shore Establishments - Ship Commissioning Files, Sixth Naval District, Charleston SC (NAID 2694599) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Finding-aid table, Box 9, row 'Landing Ship, Medium | LSM-413 | 3/3/1945'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA Atlanta's RG 181 finding aid for 'Ship Commissioning Files, 1942-1945, Sixth Naval District at Charleston, South Carolina' (NAID 2694599) - correspondence, invitations, and instructions for vessels commissioned at Charleston Navy Yard - lists 'Landing Ship, Medium | LSM-413' in Box 9, dated 3/3/1945 (the launch date). A hull-specific commissioning file therefore exists at NARA Atlanta.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1945 series; file 1945
- Limitations
- Existence of the commissioning file is verified; its contents are unexamined (no reproduction ordered, no spend authorized). The listed date is the launch date; the file may cover launch/commissioning correspondence. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-04
-
[6]National Archives Catalog records for COM LSM GR 43 war diaries (RG 38) and NARA deck-log guidance for 1941-1959 [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov NAIDs 77494180 (8/45), 77574465 (9/45), 101778211 (7/45), 101709185 (6/45), 140053730 (4-6/45); Fold3 image 300757949 for Aug 1945; deck-log guidance https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy-deck-logs-1941-1959
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds the war diaries of COM LSM Group 43 - the unit to which LSM-413 was assigned - in RG 38, series 'World War II War Diaries, Other Operational Records and Histories' (NAID 4697018), digitized on Fold3: April 28-June 5, 1945 (NAID 140053730), June (101709185), July (101778211), August (77494180, covering her 28 August 1945 commissioning), and September 1945 (77574465). The August-September diaries are the likeliest contemporary records of her joining and initial tasking. LSM-413's own deck logs for her Aug 1945-May 1946 commission are in NARA's 1941-1959 deck-log holdings (College Park / Washington DC); hull-specific digitization was not confirmed.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1946 records
- Limitations
- Unit-level records of her assigned group, not the hull itself; digitized but paywalled on Fold3 (images not examined this session). Whether any entry mentions LSM-413, or any material/equipment detail, is unknown. The ship's own deck logs were not located in digitized form; no box-level retrieval performed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-05
-
[7]Jacksonville (N.C.) Daily News, 'Museum casts away WWII ship,' Kelley Chambers, 3 May 2007 - full text reproduced in a Leatherneck.com forum post [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Reproduced article text, paragraph citing museum spending on 'lead paint removal and asbestos containment'; original jdnews.com URL no longer retrievable (2007 article)
- Finding type
- abatement_record
- Finding
- Contemporaneous press reporting documents asbestos aboard a sister hull: the Jacksonville (N.C.) Daily News reported 3 May 2007 (Kelley Chambers, 'Museum casts away WWII ship') that the Museum of the Marine spent more than $19,000 of USS LSM/LSMR Association donations on upkeep of ex-LSM-45, money that 'included lead paint removal and asbestos containment among other repairs,' per museum executive director Jim Williams. ex-LSM-45 is an LSM-1-class sister of LSM-413.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2004-2007
- Population
- Museum/restoration workers on ex-LSM-45 (sister hull)
- Limitations
- Sister-ship (LSM-45) event reported by named local press quoting the museum director - credible but documents a different hull, not LSM-413. The original article page is unreachable; the reproduction appears verbatim with byline and date. 'Asbestos containment' is not quantified and does not establish product types, quantity, or exposure on any hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-06
-
[8]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical scholarship documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and program under which this naval-yard-built 1945 LSM was constructed - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in ship construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (era context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or class and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-07
-
[9]Inference synthesis from class/era evidence rows ev-uss-lsm-413-06 and ev-uss-lsm-413-07 and the ship's documented propulsion plant (NavSource/Turner specifications) [other_primary]
- Locator
- This record, evidence rows 01, 06, 07
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Inference (labeled as such): as a diesel-driven LSM-1-class landing ship built at a U.S. Navy yard in 1945, LSM-413's era-typical asbestos applications - if present - would have been exhaust-system insulation, engine gaskets and packing, bulkhead and deck insulation, and brake linings on winches and windlass; as a diesel ship she carried no boiler or steam-line lagging. This is era/class inference only, consistent with documented asbestos aboard sister hull LSM-45 and with WWII shipbuilding practice; it is not ship-proven.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1958
- Population
- Construction workers (Charleston Navy Yard, 1945); wartime crew (5 officers, 54 enlisted); Green Cove Springs lay-up workers
- Limitations
- Explicit inference: no primary source names asbestos products aboard this hull. Does not establish presence, quantity, location, condition, individual exposure, or causation; product list reflects era practice for diesel amphibious craft, not a survey.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-08
-
[10]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LSM 413 page; Naval Marine Archive LSM roster (navalmarinearchive.com/sbh/smallships/lsm.html); NavSource LSM-413 page [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net history block ('Stricken on 14 January 1958; Sold in December 1958'); Naval Marine Archive LSM table row 413
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Strike-date discrepancy unresolved: NavSource lists LSM-413's striking from the Naval Register as 'date unknown' while secondary reference uboat.net reports 'Stricken on 14 January 1958'; a third secondary source (Naval Marine Archive LSM roster) gives 'laid up 1947, sold to Alfredo Lizano 1958' - 'laid up 1947' conflicts with NavSource's decommissioning 24 May 1946 to the reserve fleet. The sale to Alfredo Lizano of Jamaica, N.Y. in December 1958 is consistent across sources.
- Verification
- disputed
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1946-1958
- Limitations
- All three sources are secondary; no Naval Vessel Register entry or strike notice was located to fix the date (the ship predates the online NVR). '14 January 1958' is plausible - a common strike batch preceding the December 1958 sale - but unverified; record does not assert it as fact.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-09
-
[11]Batch-6221 search ledger (this record): NHHC/DANFS pages, NavSource, NARA finding aids and catalog, MARAD ShipHistory, CourtListener API v4, official Navy Medicine scan [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-413-01 through sl-uss-lsm-413-15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos case naming LSM-413 was found in the sources searched. CourtListener API v4 exact-name opinion searches returned zero hits; the single docket hit for the quoted string 'LSM-413' (Starostenko v. UBS AG, S.D.N.Y. securities case) is a name collision, not vessel litigation. MARAD's Vessel History Database has no LSM-413 record (she never entered Maritime Administration custody).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945 naval-yard-built hull is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and sister-ship LSM-45 required asbestos containment. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility. Unexamined records (commissioning file, war diaries, deck logs) remain open leads.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-413-10