Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
-
[1]NavSource Online, USS LSM-475, LSM-1 class landing ship medium page (history extract from LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces, Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1997) [other_primary]
- Locator
- USS LSM-475 page, timeline and disposition bullets; awards table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS LSM-475 was laid down at Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, Texas (NavSource: 10 February 1945 - see ev-04 for the conflicting 3 February 1945 yard-table date); launched (NavSource: 3 March 1945; yard table and uboat.net: 24 February 1945); commissioned 28 March 1945 with Lt. Thomas F. Connery Jr., USNR, in command; assigned during World War II to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater in LSM Flotilla Fifteen, LSM Group Forty-Four, LSM Division Ninety; assigned post-war to occupation and China service in the Far East (Navy Occupation Service Medal windows 20 September-13 October 1945 and 22 October 1945-9 May 1946; China Service Medal (extended) 10 May-24 July 1946); decommissioned 24 July 1946 and transferred the same day to the Republic of China; seized in October 1949 by People's Republic of China forces; final disposition unknown; Naval Register strike date unknown.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945-1949
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades; USS LSM-475 crew; occupation/China-service personnel; post-1946 ROC and post-1949 PRC crews
- Limitations
- Ship-specific historical timeline from a volunteer naval-history archive reproducing a veterans' book extract; the page does not document asbestos, an asbestos survey, or material quantities. NavSource states the Naval Register strike date was unknown. A sister-ship cross-reference line on the page names 'USS LSM-470' - treated as a page artifact, not this hull's record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-01
-
[2]NavSource Online, USS LSM-475 specifications [other_primary]
- Locator
- USS LSM-475 page, Specifications and Propulsion blocks
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The page reports a 520-ton light displacement, 743-ton landing displacement, 1,095-ton full-load displacement, 203 feet 6 inches length, 34 feet 6 inches beam, 13.2-knot maximum speed, complement of 5 officers and 54 enlisted, one twin bow-mounted 40mm gun plus four single 20mm mounts, and propulsion by two Fairbanks Morse model 38D81/8X10 reversible diesel engines with hydraulic clutch, direct drive, 1,440 BHP each at 720 rpm, twin propellers, 2,800 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945-1946
- Population
- Crew and embarked troops/vehicle operators
- Limitations
- Ship-specific specifications transcribed from the archive; the propulsion data establish a diesel landing-ship plant (no steam plant) but do not establish asbestos-containing materials aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-02
-
[3]NHHC, 'LSM and LSM(R) Histories' DANFS appendix page (archived 2015-06-15 capture; live history.navy.mil page returns 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC 'LSM and LSM(R) Histories' page, Wayback capture 2015-06-15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC documents that the DANFS writing project covered only commissioned Navy ships with assigned names, and that ships bearing only a designation - 'such as LSM' - were not included in the DANFS series. LSM/LSM(R) histories exist only as a scanned, non-word-searchable compilation by Captain James B. Birindelli, SC, USNR (Ret.), distributed by the Naval Historical Center on CD-ROM SH-0068. This hull therefore has no DANFS entry - an exclusion by design, not an absence of service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2005 (page date 16 September 2005)
- Limitations
- Explains the absence of a DANFS ship entry for this hull; contains no ship-specific history for LSM-475 and no asbestos content. Page retrieved via Wayback Machine capture; the live NHHC URL returns 404.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-03
-
[4]ShipbuildingHistory.com (Colton), Brown Shipbuilding Houston yard table - hull 282 = LSM 475; corroborated by uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LSM 475 (ship 13062) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Brown yard table row '282 - LSM 475'; https://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/13062.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Brown Shipbuilding yard table lists hull 282 as LSM 475 with keel laid 3 February 1945, launched 24 February 1945, delivered 28 March 1945, disposition 'to China 1946, seized by PRC 1949.' uboat.net independently carries the same scheme: ordered 10 July 1944, laid down 3 February 1945, launched 24 February 1945, commissioned 28 March 1945, end service 24 July 1946. These build dates conflict with NavSource's (10 February / 3 March); the conflict is unresolved - note that NavSource's stated dates equal the yard table's dates for sisters LSM-477/478, consistent with a possible one-line offset in one source.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1949
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary compilations, not primary yard records; they corroborate the 1946 China transfer and 1949 PRC seizure but contradict NavSource on laid-down/launch dates. Neither resolves which dating is correct; no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-04
-
[5]Veterans Memorial Hall (St. Louis County Historical Society / Albert J. Amatuzio Research Center, Duluth, MN), profile 'Albert Johanes Tevik' - cites WWII Navy muster roll (Fold3) and Duluth News Tribune obituary [museum_official]
- Locator
- vets-hall.org WWII stories, Tevik profile page
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A named crew member is documented aboard this hull: Albert Johanes Tevik enlisted in the Navy 9 May 1944, served aboard USS LSM 475, was rated Fireman First Class (F1c), and was honorably discharged 22 January 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- F1c Albert J. Tevik; LSM-475 enlisted crew (1944-46)
- Limitations
- Vessel-history fact only: a veterans-museum profile grounded in a muster-roll image and obituary. It is NOT an exposure record - this record makes no asbestos claim for Tevik or any individual; the F1c rating places him in the engineering population but does not document any exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-05
-
[6]Era inference built on: NavSource ship-specific specifications (Fairbanks Morse diesel plant, no steam); NHHC confirmation that LSM-class hulls have no DANFS entries; GAO HRD-80-2 program context (ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications; NHHC LSM/LSM(R) page; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel landing ship built at Brown Shipbuilding in early 1945 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were insulation, gaskets, packing, and electrical insulation in machinery and accommodation spaces. As a diesel-powered vessel she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945-1949
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1945); crew (1945-46); post-transfer ROC and PRC crews
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work record located for LSM-475. Names era-standard application categories, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-06
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire 1945 construction and 1945-46 U.S. service period.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and Navy asbestos-control program
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. The source does not identify LSM-475, a component aboard it, an exposure event, or a quantity. Full text not retrieved - gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch (confirmed 2026-10-01); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-07
-
[8]NARA, 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' (digitized deck-log A-Z list) [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov digitized deck-logs page, LSM section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- LSM-475 does not appear in NARA's digitized deck-log catalog list (the digitized LSM coverage includes only selected hulls, e.g., LSM-268, LSM-297, LSM-397, LSM-419, LSM-448, LSM-455, LSM-462). Her 1945-46 deck logs, if extant, remain paper records accessible through Archives II textual reference, College Park, MD (RG 24).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 1945-1946 (log period); 2026-10-01 (catalog check)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: confirms the logs are not in the online catalog, not that they do or do not survive. As a commissioned vessel (USS), her deck logs would have been retained as permanent records, but no ship-specific holdings confirmation was obtained this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-08
-
[9]Batch-6289 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page and class index; NHHC DANFS LSM/LSM(R) appendix (Wayback); ShipbuildingHistory.com Brown yard table; uboat.net; Veterans Memorial Hall; NVR; NARA digitized deck logs; CourtListener via authenticated helper; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos survey, abatement record, hazmat disclosure, or asbestos litigation record naming USS LSM-475 was located in the sources searched. All four CourtListener queries completed through the authenticated helper: 'LSM-475' opinions returned 13 hits and 'USS LSM-475' opinions 1 hit - all name collisions or OCR noise referencing no vessel - and 'LSM-475' / 'USS LSM-475' docket searches returned 616 and 128 fuzzy hits respectively, whose top results are all unrelated matters (see search_ledger). This is a search result, not proof that asbestos was absent from the vessel.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-01
- Study period
- 2026-10-01
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The hull passed out of U.S. custody in 1946 and was seized by PRC forces in 1949; any post-transfer record is inaccessible. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-475-lsm475-09