Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]NavSource Online, Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-60 hull page (history extract credited to LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces Vol. II, Turner Publishing, 1997) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Hull page chronology, 'LSM-1 Class Landing Ship Medium' block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LSM-60 was laid down 7 July 1944 at Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, Texas; launched 29 July 1944; and commissioned as USS LSM-60 on 25 August 1944 with Lt. William W. Doar, USNR, in command.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction workforce and commissioning crew
- Limitations
- Establishes construction and commissioning identity; the page does not document asbestos, insulation composition, hazmat condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-01
-
[2]NavSource Online, Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-60 hull page [other_primary]
- Locator
- Hull page chronology, WWII assignment and Asiatic-Pacific Campaign table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- During World War II, USS LSM-60 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater with LSM Flotilla Five, LSM Group Fourteen, and LSM Division Twenty-Seven, participated in the assault and occupation of Iwo Jima from 19 February to 16 March 1945, and earned one battle star for World War II service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- Ship's company and Iwo Jima operating personnel
- Limitations
- Establishes the listed theater assignment, Iwo Jima operation, and battle star; it is not a complete voyage narrative and does not establish asbestos content or exposure. The division assignment (Twenty-Seven) differs from the official 1 May 1945 fleet organization (Division 28); see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-02
-
[3]Naval History and Heritage Command, United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Live page, LSM Flotilla Five / LSM Group 14 / LSM Division 28 table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official NHHC 1 May 1945 Pacific Fleet organization record lists 'LSM 60 (GF)' in LSM Division 28 under LSM Group 14, LSM Flotilla Five, with Lt. W. W. Doar, USNR, as commanding officer.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Population
- Ship's company and Pacific Fleet personnel
- Limitations
- Official organization record corroborating assignment and command in May 1945; it does not provide the full service history or any asbestos, insulation, exposure, or causation finding. The '(GF)' marking is reproduced as printed; the record does not expand it.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-03
-
[4]NavSource Online, USS LSM-60 specifications [other_primary]
- Locator
- Specifications block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The hull page lists 5 officers and 54 enlisted, troop accommodations for 2 officers and 46 enlisted, and two Fairbanks Morse model 38D81/8X10 reversible diesel engines with hydraulic clutches, direct drive, 1,440 BHP each at 720 rpm, twin propellers, and 2,800 shp; it also lists two diesel-drive 100-kW 450V AC generators and one diesel-drive 20-kW 120V DC generator.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Ship's company and embarked troop capacity
- Limitations
- Supports complement and diesel propulsion only. It does not identify asbestos-containing components or establish that any listed machinery insulation, gasket, packing, electrical insulation, or deck covering contained asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-04
-
[5]Naval History and Heritage Command, Operation Crossroads: Composition of Joint Task Force One [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Live page, TG 1.1 / TU 1.1.1 (Laboratory Unit) ship list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official NHHC Composition of Joint Task Force One record lists LSM-60 as the 'BAKER surface zero vessel' under Task Unit 1.1.1 (Laboratory Unit) of Task Group 1.1, alongside flagship USS Albemarle (AV-5) and LCT-1359, for Operation Crossroads at Bikini Atoll in July 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1946
- Population
- Joint Task Force 1 and Task Unit 1.1.1 personnel
- Limitations
- Establishes the ship's official Crossroads assignment and surface-zero role; it does not document asbestos, exposure, or the physical outcome of the detonation on the hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-05
-
[6]Defense Nuclear Agency, Operation CROSSROADS-1946, DNA 6032F (Nuclear Test Personnel Review final report, 1 May 1984) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Live DTRA-hosted PDF verified via firecrawl; full text also at https://archive.org/stream/DTIC_ADA146562/DTIC_ADA146562_djvu.txt (Baker operations narrative, target-array chapter, and Table 11)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Defense Nuclear Agency's official Operation CROSSROADS-1946 report (DNA 6032F, 1984) records that the BAKER weapon was prepared on Kwajalein and on LSM-60 in Bikini Lagoon, encased in a watertight steel caisson, and suspended 90 feet (27 meters) below the ship, which had been extensively modified with rigging facilities, a laboratory, and special radio receivers and transmitters; that TG 1.1 laboratory personnel were evacuated from LSM-60 at 0545 on 25 July 1946; that BAKER detonated on schedule at 0835 on 25 July 1946; and that when the air cleared, Arkansas, LSM-60, and four LCTs were not in sight. Table 11 lists LSM-60 among ships sunk at BAKER, footnoted as the surface zero ship.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1946-07-25
- Population
- TG 1.1 laboratory personnel evacuated before detonation; target-fleet unmanned
- Limitations
- Establishes the surface-zero role, bomb suspension geometry, unmanned status at detonation (the target fleet was unmanned for both tests), timing, and destruction. It does not document asbestos content, exposure, or causation, and records only a 1947 resurvey objective to attempt to locate a photographed hull section — not a confirmed wreck recovery.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-06
-
[7]Naval History and Heritage Command, Operation Crossroads: Disposition of Target Vessels; Target Ships Sunk During Test Baker 25 July 1946; NavSource USS LSM-60 hull page [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Live pages: Disposition of Target Vessels, LSMs section; https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/o/operation-crossroads/target-ships-sunk-during-test-baker-25-july-1946.html, Landing Craft section; NavSource hull page chronology
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC's Disposition of Target Vessels records 'LSM-60 completely destroyed by Test Baker at Bikini, 25 July 1946,' and NHHC's Target Ships Sunk During Test Baker lists 'LSM-60 (Surface Zero Ship)'. NavSource records decommissioning on 19 August 1946 and striking from the Naval Register on an unknown date.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1946
- Limitations
- Establishes destruction, decommissioning, and the unrecorded strike date; no wreckage-recovery, hazmat, asbestos, or exposure record is supplied. The decommissioning postdates the hull's destruction, reflecting administrative closure rather than a physical inactivation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-07
-
[8]National Archives Catalog, NAID 205585173, Local Identifier 26-G-4470; ship identification per NavSource caption [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA catalog record (live, verified); NavSource image 101406008 caption
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NARA holds US Coast Guard photograph 26-G-4470 (NAID 205585173), 'Suribachi Frowns Down On U.S. Task Force,' depicting the task force off Iwo Jima; NavSource's caption for the same image identifies USS LSM-60 and USS SC-1374 among the ships shown on 19 February 1945.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-02-19
- Limitations
- The NARA record describes the task force off Iwo Jima but does not itself name LSM-60; the ship identification comes from the NavSource caption, so identification is partial. A photograph does not document asbestos content or exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-08
-
[9]Inference from the ship-specific NavSource diesel specification and the documented source-review negative [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource propulsion/specification block; source-review negative documented in search ledger
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- No ship-specific asbestos survey, product inventory, abatement record, or condition report was located. Because LSM-60 was a World War II U.S. Navy diesel landing ship, machinery or diesel-exhaust insulation, gaskets, packing, electrical insulation, and deck covering are possible class/era application categories, but none is documented aboard this hull.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- World War II Navy diesel landing-ship construction and operating personnel
- Limitations
- Possible categories only, not a finding that asbestos was installed aboard LSM-60. The cited hull page does not identify asbestos or insulation composition; no quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation is established. The hull's destruction in 1946 foreclosed post-service documentation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-09
-
[10]CourtListener API v4 via /Users/charlesfletcher/devin-prompts/cl-auth-search.py [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger sl-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-08; authenticated exact-name and hull-number queries
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The authenticated CourtListener sweep found no qualifying asbestos litigation record for USS LSM-60. Exact-name and hull-number opinion searches and the exact-name docket search returned zero results; the hull-number docket search returned three unrelated matters (a Winn-Dixie bankruptcy exhibit reference and a Federal Circuit patent-case appendix) classified as name/text collisions and excluded.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- This is a search result, not proof that no unindexed, sealed, or differently captioned case exists. The unrelated matches do not identify this vessel, its crew, or asbestos exposure aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-10
-
[11]Source-review negative across the sources listed in the search ledger [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-01 through -09
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No ship-specific asbestos documentation was located in the public sources reviewed: the live NavSource hull page, NHHC Operation Crossroads records (JTF-1 composition, disposition of target vessels, Test Baker sunk list, fact sheet), the NHHC 1 May 1945 fleet organization record, the Defense Nuclear Agency's DNA 6032F report, the Naval Vessel Register, and the NARA catalog contain no asbestos survey, insulation-material statement, abatement record, hazmat disclosure, or qualifying asbestos litigation record for LSM-60.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- A negative public-source finding is not proof that asbestos was absent. Non-digitized Navy, shipyard, and wartime records may contain additional evidence; asbestos documentation therefore remains class_or_era.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-60-lsm60-11